Reconstruction

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Reconstruction
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Correct your missed test items in your starter
notebook

• Indicate the you missed
• Tell me WHY you missed it!
• Tell me the CORRECT answer (look it up in your
  notes/book)

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Study for your Reconstruction Quiz
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NO STARTER!Lets finish the Aftershock video
move on!
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STARTER Thursday, October 9

• Look at read Analyzing Political Cartoons
  Unwelcome Guest on page 385.
• Review the definition of a carpetbagger.
• Answer questions 1 2 in your starter notebook

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STARTER Thursday, October 8

• Read Now Then Reparations for Slavery on
  page 390 and answer the questions below
• What are reparations?
• Your opinion Should the US government issue a
  formal apology for slavery?
• Your opinion Should African Americans receive
  reparations for slavery?

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STARTER Monday, October 6

• Examine read the Sharecropping graphic on
  page 391
• How did the sharecropping system make it hard for
  small farmers to improve their standard of
  living?

Get out your homework Coming around to check it
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Aftershock Beyond the Civil War

• What did Abraham Lincoln want Reconstruction to
  be like? What happened instead?
• Describe how the Civil War changed the South.
• Who are the Radical Republicans? How were they
  treated?
• What is the Freedmans Bureau?
• Describe Andrew Johnsons views on slavery.
• Describe Johnsons Reconstruction plan.
• What are black codes?

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Aftershock Beyond the Civil War

• What were the results of the Unions anger with
  Johnson?
• Describe the Reconstruction Act of 1867.
• Why is the KKK founded?
• What did the KKK become?

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Reconstruction Classwork Questions

• What group made up the majority of Southern
  Republicans? (386)
• Name five (5) ways the lives of Southern African
  Americans changed during reconstruction. (387-89)
• What is meant by the phrase 40 acres and a
  mule? (390)
• What were the goals of the KKK? (394)
• What were the failures of Reconstruction?
  (400-01)
• What were the successes of Reconstruction? (401)

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Reconstruction Vocab.
Due MONDAY

• Scalawags
• Carpetbaggers
• Segregation
• Integration
• Sharecropping
• Tenant farming
• Ku Klux Klan
• Redeemers
• Rutherford B. Hayes
• Compromise of 1877

• Reconstruction
• Radical Republicans
• Wade Davis Bill
• Freedmans Bureau
• Andrew Johnson
• Black codes
• Civil Rights Act of 1866
• Fourteenth Amendment
• impeach
• Fifteenth Amendment

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Lincoln Assassinated

• Five days after the Civil War ended, Lincoln was
  assassinated while watching a play at Fords
  Theater in Washington, DC
• His assassin was John Wilkes Booth, an actor and
  Southern sympathizer
• Booth escaped and was found days later in a barn
• Lincoln was the first president to be
  assassinated
• Vice President Andrew Johnson became President

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Reconstruction

• Reconstruction was the time period after the
  Civil War in which the nation was rebuilt,
  especially the South
• The South was physically destroyed
• The South was also economically politically
  destroyed
• What would all of these freed slaves do?

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Radical Republicans

• During Reconstruction, a group called the Radical
  Republicans controlled Congress
• They wanted to destroy the power of former
  slaveholders
• They wanted African Americans to have full
  citizenship, including suffrage (the right to
  vote)
• The Radical Republican Congress passed many laws
  that helped African Americans gain rights

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13th Amendment

• The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery in America
• Many former slaves were reunited with their
  families
• Many became sharecroppers or tenant farmers
• Sharecroppers farmers who worked someone elses
  land gave at least ½ of the profit to the
  landowner at harvest time
• People in the North called sharecropping the
  continuation of slavery
• Tenant Farmers Rented the land and kept the
  profit from the harvest

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Reconstruction Plans
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How to implement Reconstruction?

• Different groups had different ideas on how to
  rebuild
• There was a huge debate as to whether it was the
  Presidents job or the job of Congress to
  implement Reconstruction

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Lincolns Ten Percent Plan
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Johnsons Plan (Presidential Reconstruction)
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Reconstruction Act of 1867 (Congressional
Reconstruction)
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(No Transcript)
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Freedmens Bureau

• During Reconstruction, Congress approved the
  passage of the Freedmens Bureau
• It assisted former slaves and poor Southern
  whites by distributing food and clothes, and
  establishing hospitals, teacher training
  programs, schools, and industrial institutions

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Teacher of a Freed People Robert Fitzgerald
Reconstruction

• Which experiences in Robert Fitzgeralds life
  helped foster his passion for learning and
  teaching?
• What measures did some whites use to prevent
  blacks progress toward citizenship?

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Carpetbaggers

• Carpetbaggers were Northerners who came to the
  South during Reconstruction to take advantage of
  the turmoil in the South
• Many came for humanitarian reasons, like to be
  teachers or work for the Freedmens Bureau
• Some came to start businesses and take advantage
  of Southern poverty

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Scalawags

• Scalawags were Southerners who became members of
  the Republican party
• Southerners were Democrats during the Civil War
• To become a member of the Republican party meant
  you were a traitor

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Look in your book

• Carpetbagger cartoon on page 385
• Cycle of sharecropping on page 391

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Important Reconstruction Legislation

• Civil Rights Act of 1866- gave African Americans
  citizenship and forbade states from passing
  discriminatory laws (called black codes)
• 14th Amendment- made all people born or
  naturalized in the U.S. citizens. Also gave
  citizens equal protection under the law
• 15th Amendment- no one could be denied the right
  to vote because of race, color or previous
  condition of servitude

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Conflict between the President and Congress

• With the passage of the Reconstruction Act of
  1867, Congress was in charge of implementing
  Reconstruction
• Andrew Johnson did not agree that Congress should
  be in charge
• Johnson fired the Secretary of War, who was a
  Radical Republican
• This violated the Tenure in Office Act, which
  limited the power of the President to hire fire
  government officials

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Johnson Impeached

• Led by Radical Republican, Thaddeus Steven,
  Congress voted to impeach Johnson
• He was found not guilty by one vote
• Johnson did not run for re-election

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Ulysses S. Grant becomes President

• Former Union General, Ulysses S. Grant, was
  elected President of the United States
• He was a good general, but not a good politician
• His administration was plagued with corruption

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Democrats Come to Power

• With the efforts of the KKK, the Democrats came
  to power again in the South
• This time period is known as redemption
• Democrats controlled the state governments in the
  South
• They also gained power in Congress

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Compromise of 1877

• The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction
• In the election of 1876, Republican Rutherford B.
  Hayes was elected President by one electoral vote
• Instead of the Democrats making a big issue out
  of the election results, they made a deal with
  the Republicans
• The Democrats would allow Hayes to stay
  President, if the Republicans would pull the
  military out of the South

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Rutherford B. Hayes
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What group made up the majority of Southern
Republicans?

• African American men who could vote for the first
  time

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Name five (5) ways the lives of Southern African
Americans changed during reconstruction.

• Searched for loved ones
• Went to school
• Able to hold paying jobs
• Established churches
• Could travel freely
• They could run for political office vote

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Hiram Revels, 1st African American Senator
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What is meant by the phrase 40 acres and a
mule? (390)

• General Sherman promised freed slaves who
  followed his army 40 acres per family and use of
  an army mule
• Some actually received this as payment
• Today, this has come to imply that African
  American deserve payment (reparations) for the
  work their ancestors did for this country as
  slaves

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What were the goals of the KKK?

• To restore white supremacy
• To prohibit African Americans from exercising
  their rights as citizens
• To terrorize those who wanted progress for
  African Americans
• Video

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What were the failures of Reconstruction?

• Discrimination and racist attitudes still existed
• Jim Crow laws established (segregation laws laws
  that separated the races)
• Examples literacy tests, poll taxes, Grandfather
  clause

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What were the successes of Reconstruction?

• The 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments gave rights to
  African Americans
• African Americans established churches, school,
  and civic organizations

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Reconstruction Video Questions

• What happened at Sea Island, Ga. during the war?
• How did the slaves react when the Yankees came?
  Why?
• Why did the Union come to Sea Island?
• How did the missionaries hope to help the slaves?
• Why did the blacks see little difference in slave
  labor and wage labor?
• What were the missionaries trying to prepare the
  slaves for?
• Why did freed slaves flee to Sea Island?
• What was meant by 40 acres a mule?

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Reconstruction Quiz Review

• Know all vocabulary words
• Reconstruction Legislation (13, 14, 15
  Amendments Freemans Bureau)
• Congressional Reconstruction (Reconstruction Act
  of 1867)
• Goal of the Radical Republicans
• Goals of the KKK
• People Andrew Johnson, US Grant, Rutherford B.
  Hayes, Hiram Revels
• Understand the Compromise of 1877 redemption
  (rise to power) of Southern Democrats