Session 2: Survey Planning

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Session 2 Survey Planning

• Agris Bokums (LV)
• State Plant Protection Service

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Survey planning

• EC legal basis
• Official surveys
• Good surveillance practice
• Recourses

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EC legal basis

• Control Directives in EU relevant to potato
  pests
• 2007/33/EC Directive - Globodera pallida and
  Globodera rostochiensis (potato cyst nematode,
  PCN)
• 93/85/ EEC Directive - Synchytrium endobioticum
  (potato wart disease)
• 2006/63/EC Directive - Pseudomonas solanacearum
  (potato brown rot)
• 2006/56/EEC Directive - Clavibacter michiganensis
  subsp. sepedonicus (potato ring rot)
• Recognition of Protected zones Directive
  2001/32/EC
• Globodera pallida
• Leptinotarsa decemlineata
• Directive 2000/29/ EC special requirements
• Ditylenchus destructor
• Meloidogyne chitwoodi
• Meloidogyne fallax
• 2007/410/EC Decision - Potato spindle tuber
  viroid

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Official surveys

• Purpose
• Target quarantine organisms
• Identification of scope
• Identification of timing
• Indication of the statistical basis
• Description of survey methodology and quality
  management

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Purpose

• Early detection
• Delimiting
• Assurance of pest free area
• Specific requirements to be met
• Reporting to EC, RPPO, IPPC

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Target quarantine organisms

• Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
• Ralstonia solanacearum
• Synchytrium endobioticum
• Globodera pallida
• Globodera rostochiensis
• Ditylenchus destructor
• Meloidogyne chitwoodi
• Meloidogyne fallax
• Potato spindle tuber viroid
• Leptinotarsa decemlineata

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Identification of scope

• Geographical area
• Production system
• Season

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Identification of timing

• Dates
• Frequency
• Duration

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Identification of statistical basis

• Level of confidence
• Number of samples
• Selection and number of sites
• Frequency of sampling
• Assumptions

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Description of survey methodology and quality
management

• Sampling procedures
• Diagnostic procedures
• Reporting procedures

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Good surveillance practice

• Enough personnel
• Adequately trained
• Equipment
• Methodology

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Resources (laboratory)

• Expertise in disciplines relevant to the pest
• Adequate facilities and equipment
• Access to specialists for verification
• Facilities for record keeping
• Facilities for processing and storing
• Use of standard operating procedures
• Verification of diagnosis by other recognized
  authorities

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Record keeping

• Scientific name of pest
• Scientific name of host
• Locality
• Date of collection
• Date of identification
• Date of verification
• References
• Additional information

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Transparency

• Reports to EC
• Member states
• IPPC
• EPPO

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Survey planning (Latvian experience)

• Strategic plan of the MOA (for 3 years)
• Strategic plan of SPPS (for 3 years)
• Annual operational plan of SPPS
• Annual plans of structural subdivisions

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Survey planning

• Analysis and assessment of the results of
  previous year
• Preparation of plan, approval and delivery for
  fulfillment
• Fulfillment under control using reporting
• Analysis and assessment of fulfillment results

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Survey planning

• Strategic plan is prepared by working group
  approved by the director of SPPS
• Strategic plan of SPPS for 3 years serves as a
  basis of application for annual budget which is
  delivered to MoA for approval
• After approval by MoA strategic plan is delivered
  to the Cabinet of Ministers for approval

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Survey planning

• Each year SPPS must set up priorities
• Year 2008 priorities in phytosanitary field
• Ring rot eradication programme
• Fireblight eradication campaign
• Eradication of hogweed

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Survey planning (only potato pests)

• Conformity assessment of reproduction material
• Carry out inspections for certification of
  potatoes

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2. Surveillance

• 2.1. Carry out surveys and supervision of
  phytosanitary measures where plant quarantine
  organisms were detected (outbreaks)

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2. Surveillance

• 2.2. Carry out surveillance of phytosanitary
  situation in potato gene pool material

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2. Surveillance

• 2.3. Carry out surveillance in application of
  normative acts in area of plant quarantine

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3. Monitoring

• Carry out monitoring for spread determination of
  plant quarantine organisms

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4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
spread determination (2005 2009)

• 4.1. Carry out inspections for ring rot brown
  rot spread determination

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4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
spread determination (2005 2009)

• 4.2. Carry out supervision on application of
  phytosanitary measures.

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4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
spread determination (2005 2009)

• 4.2. Carry out supervision on application of
  phytosanitary measures (continued).

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4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
spread determination (2005 2009)

• 4.3. Carry out inspections of seed potatoes
  materials which introduce from other European
  Union

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4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
spread determination (2005 2009)

• 4.4. Carry out infected fields survey (mapping)

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Reporting

• First level fulfillment of strategic plan
• Second level fulfillment of supervision
  programme
• Third level reports of subdivisions and also
  special reports, including reports which must be
  completed and delivered to EU Commission
  (deadline of reports)
• Immediate notification to the Commission and EPPO
  of new pest findings

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Resources

• New laboratory building

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Resources

• New laboratory

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Sampling equipment

• Tools for soil sampling and soil sample for
  detection of PCN and Synchytrium endobioticum

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Sample

• Potato sample for detection of ring rot and brown
  rot

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Equipment

• Schuiling for detection
• of PCN

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Equipment

• IF testing for potato ring rot and brown rot

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Quality assurance

• To maintain laboratory quality system according
  to the requirements of LV EN ISO/IEC 17025
• Yearly
• Actualization of the documents
• Questionnaire for the clients useful proposals
  to make corrections and improve procedures
• Looking through EC Directives, EPPO Standards in
  order to update testing methods
• Provide possibility for training and
  participation in inter-laboratory comparative
  testing (Ring and Proficiency tests)
• LATAK (Latvian National Accreditation bureau)
  visit on re-accreditation in spring 2009

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For accreditation we chose Clavibacter
michiganesis subsp sepedonicus and Ralstonia
solanacearum

• Why?
• Potato is a significant crop in Latvia (the
  biggest consumption of potatoes per person yearly
  in Europe)
• A lot of potato samples
• A lot of conflict situations arose
• Directives had to be fulfilled

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• Why?
• Have a good experience (bacteriologist trained in
  France and Denmark)
• Tests have been performed by several methods for
  many years

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Application form

• STATE PLANT PROTECTION SERVICE PLANT QUARANTINE
  DEPARTMENT
• NATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY LABORATORY,
• Lielvardes street 36/38, Riga LV-1006, Fax/phone
  7543201, 7543138
• Sample Identification Number (in the lab)
• SAMPLE NO.
• Name and Address of Client (phone, fax)
• Where Collected (region)
• Date Collected
• Sample Type (Plant, soil, insect etc.)
• Reference to Sampling Plan and Procedures
• Country of Origin
• Country of Export
• Inspected Quantity of Plants / Plants Products
• Inspected Area
• Size of Sample
• Recent Weather( temperature, rainfall )
• Previous Crop (s) (last 2 years)
• Chemicals Applied (name, date, rate)
• Plant Location Potato Field _______ Field
  Nursery Plant bed Indoors Orchard
  Greenhouse Garden Forest Lawn Others___

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Test report

• STATE PLANT PROTECTION SERVICE
• PLANT QUARANTINE DEPARTMENT
• NATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY LABORATORY
• Lielvardes street 36/38, Riga LV-1006,
  Fax./phone [phone], phone [phone]
• 
  
  
• No. 640_
  Date 23.04.2008.
• Name and Address of Client I.Lakste_A.Deglava
  Str. 161, Riga, LV-1021 , fax [phone]
• 1. Sample
• 1.1. Received 15.04.2008 at 15.35
• 1.2. No. 33/22
• 1.3. Description Seed potato Jely(B2), 1
  sample 200 tubers
• 1.4. Identification Number (in the laboratory)
  0752-08
• 2. Reference to Sampling Plan and Procedures
  Instruction nr.19, 10.09.2001
• 3. Test Results
• No. Date of testing Suspect pest
  
  Code of test method
  Result
• 1. 16.04.2008-18.04.2008 (B) Clavibacter
  michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann
  Kotthoff) Davis al. ME.B.001.2003(2)
  Not detected

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Conclusions

• Priorities must be set up (for all activities
  budget always is not enough)
• Reports on pest distribution is send on deadline
• The eradication measures are taken on time
• The situation on pest presence/distribution is
  clear

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Thank you for your attention!