WEED IDENTIFICATION

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WEED IDENTIFICATION

• TRI-CO. YOUNG FARMERS
• MARCH 7, 2002

Original Power Point Created by Joey Wells
Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education
Curriculum Office June 2002
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WHAT IS A WEED?

• A weed is a plant out of place.

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WHAT EFFECTS DO WEEDS HAVE ON US TODAY?
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WEEDS LOWER THE YIELD OF CROPS -

• COMPETE FOR WATER, NUTRIENTS, LIGHT, AND SPACE.
• ONE WILD MUSTARD PLANT USES AS MUCH N P AS TWO
  OAT PLANTS
• ONE PIGWEED PLANT MAY USE AS MUCH WATER AS A CORN
  PLANT

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WEEDS LOWER THE QUALITY OF CROPS -

• WEEDS AFFECT THE QUALITY OF HAY AND GRAIN USED
  FOR LIVESTOCK
• MILK WILL TASTE LIKE WILD GARLIC OR BITTER
  SNEEZEWEED IF EATEN
• WEEDS CAN STAIN THE LINT OF COTTON

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WEEDS INTERFERE WITH CROP HARVEST -

• CAUSES DELAYS AND GREATER HARVEST LOSS.
• GRAIN MAY NEED DRYING IF HEAVILY INFESTED BY WEEDS

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THE LIFE CYCLE OF WEEDS
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THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF WEEDS BASED ON THEIR LIFE
CYCLE

• SUMMER ANNUALS
• WINTER ANNUALS
• BIENNIALS
• PERENNIALS

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SUMMER ANNUALS

• GERMINATE IN THE SPRING AND DIE IN THE FALL AFTER
  THE FIRST FROST
• SEEDS MATURE AND SCATTER
• MOST LIE DORMANT UNTIL SPRING
• EXAMPLES MORNING GLORY, PIGWEED, COCKLEBUR, AND
  CRABGRASS

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WINTER ANNUALS

• GERMINATE IN THE FALL OR WINTER
• PRODUCE SEED IN THE EARLY SUMMER AND THEN DIE
• SEEDS LIE DORMANT DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS
• EXAMPLES WILD MUSTARD, CHICKWEED, AND HENBIT

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BIENNIALS

• PRODUCE VEGETATIVELY FROM SEED THE FIRST SEASON
• BECOME DORMANT OVER THE WINTER
• PRODUCE FLOWERS AND SEED THE SECOND SEASON
• EXAMPLES MUSK THISTLE, WILD CARROT, AND COMMON
  MULLEIN

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PERENNIALS

• LIVE FOR THREE OR MORE YEARS
• MOST PRODUCE SEED EACH YEAR AFTER ESTABLISHMENT
• DIVIDED INTO THREE CLASSES ON THE BASIS OF
  REPRODUCTION
• SIMPLE PERENNIAL
• BULBOUS PERENNIAL
• CREEPING PERENNIAL

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SIMPLE PERENNIAL

• REPRODUCE PRIMARILY BY SEED
• EXAMPLE - DANDELION

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BULBOUS PERENNIAL

• PROPAGATE BY BULBS OR BULBLETS AS WELL AS BY SEED
• EXAMPLES WILD ONION AND WILD GARLIC

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CREEPING PERENNIAL

• PROPAGATE BY MEANS OF RHIZOMES (UNDERGROUND
  STEMS), STOLONS (ABOVE GROUND STEMS), OR
  SPREADING ROOTS OR TUBERS, AS WELL AS BY SEED.
• EXAMPLES JOHNSONGRASS gt RHIZOMES AND SEED
  BERMUDA GRASS gt RHIZOMES, STOLONS, SEED

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(No Transcript)
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CARPETWEED
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REDROOT PIGWEED
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SPINY AMARANTH
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POISON IVY
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HONEYVINE MILKWEED
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BUTTERFLY MILKWEED
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TRUMPETCREEPER
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JAPANESE HONEYSUCKLE
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CORN COCKLE
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HEARTLEAF DRYMARY
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MOUSEEAR CHICKWEED
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COMMON CHICKWEED
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COMMON LAMBSQUARTERS
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ASIATIC DAYFLOWER
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HEMP DOGBANE
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BRISTLY STARBUR
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COMMON YARROW
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COMMON RAGWEED
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GIANT RAGWEED
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MAYWEED CHAMOMILE
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WHITE HEATH ASTER
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SPANISHNEEDLES
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CORNFLOWER
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BLESSED THISTLE
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ECLIPTA
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ANNUAL FLEABANE
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HORSEWEED
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DOGFENNEL
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HAIRY GALINSOGA
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CUDWEED
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BITTER SNEEZEWEED
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CAMPHORWEED
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PRICKLY LETTUCE
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CAROLINA FALSE DANDELION
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GROUNDSEL
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GOLDENROD
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SOWTHISTLE
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DANDELION
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COMMON COCKLEBUR
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DICHONDRA
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FIELD BINDWEED
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DODDER
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BIGROOT MORNINGGLORY
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TALL MORNINGGLORY
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CYPRESSVINE MORNINGGLORY
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SMALLFLOWER MORNINGGLORY
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WILD MUSTARD
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SHEPHERDSPURSE
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SWINECRESS
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VIRGINIA PEPPERWEED
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CITRONMELON
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WILD CUCUMBER
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BURCUCUMBER
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YELLOW NUTSEDGE
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PURPLE NUTSEDGE
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VIRGINIA COPPERLEAF
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WOOLLY CROTON
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TROPIC CROTON
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SPOTTED SPURGE
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REDSTEM FILAREE
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CAROLINA GERANIUM
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BROOMSEDGE
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BROADLEAF SIGNALGRASS
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BERMUDAGRASS
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CROWFOOTGRASS
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LARGE CRABGRASS
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BARNYARDGRASS
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GOOSEGRASS
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LITTLE BARLEY
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FIELD SANDBUR
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TORPEDOGRASS
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TEXAS PANICUM
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VASEYGRASS
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ANNUAL BLUEGRASS
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FOXTAIL
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JOHNSONGRASS
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SMUTGRASS
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HENBIT
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FLORIDA BETONY
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PARTRIDGE PEA
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SICKLEPOD
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SHOWY CROTALARIA
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FLORIDA BEGGARWEED
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KUDZU
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HEMP SESBANIA
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WINTER VETCH
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WILD GARLIC
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ROUNDLEAF GREENBRIAR
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PRICKLY SIDA
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CUTLEAF EVENINGPRIMROSE
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PRICKLYPEAR
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YELLOW WOODSORREL
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MAYPOP PASSIONFLOWER
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COMMON POKEWEED
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BRACTED PLANTAIN
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BUCKHORN PLANTAIN
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BROADLEAF PLANTAIN
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KNOTWEED
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PENNSYLVANIA SMARTWEED
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RED SORREL
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REDVINE
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CURLY DOCK
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BROADLEAF DOCK
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EASTERN BRACKENFERN
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COMMON PURSLANE
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BUTTERCUP
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BLACKBERRY
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POORJOE
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FLORIDA PUSLEY
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WITCHWEED
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COMMON MULLEIN
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JIMSONWEED
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SMOOTH GROUNDCHERRY
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HORSENETTLE
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SILVERLEAF NIGHTSHADE
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BLACK NIGHTSHADE
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WILD CARROT
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PROSTRATE VERVAIN
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BLUE VERVAIN
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PEPPERVINE