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Medical Terminology

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Title: Medical Terminology

1
Medical Terminology
2
Medical Terminology

Different professions have different "languages".
An example of this is car mechanics
mechanics use terms to describe the objects and
situations they encounter while working, such as
"master cylinder" and "oil filter".
Comparatively, medical workers use terms to
describe the objects and situations encountered
in their fields, such as "hepatitis" and
"intravenous". The words - or terms - which make
up the language of medicine are referred to as
the terminology of the medical field, or Medical
Terminology.

3
Medical Terminology

Like every other language, medical terminology
has changed over time. The basis for medical
terminology however, remains the same. The
majority of medical terms are based in Latin or
Greek. One such medical term is herpes, which is
an inflammatory disease affecting the skin.
Herpes is based on the word herpo, which is Greek
for "creep along". Workers in the medical field
chose "herpo"--or herpes--to describe the skin
condition because it seems to "creep along" the
skin.

4
Medical Vocabulary

Affixes
Prefixes
Suffixes
Attached to root word
Prefixes
Word element placed in front of the root word
Changes the words meaning or makes a new word
Roots
Base element of the word
Contains basic meaning or definition of the word
Suffixes
Word element placed after root word
Changes the words meaning as well as its function

5
Medical Vocabulary

Example
Root
Act
Means
do or perform
Definition
Verb to perform, behave
Noun a performance, a thing done
Sentence
You act like a child

6
Medical Vocabulary

Prefix
Re
Means back or again
React (prefix root)
Means do back
Definition
Verb to act in response to something
To act in opposition to something
Sentence
How will she react when she hears the news?

7
Medical Vocabulary

Suffix
ion
Indicates the word has become a noun
Reaction (prefix root suffix)
Something done back
Definition
Noun a response to something, an opposing action
Sentence
Her reaction to the news was childish

8
Medical Vocabulary

Most medical terms can be broken down into one or
more word parts. For simplicity in explanation,
we will say that there are three possible word
parts, and any given medical term may contain
one, some, or all of these parts. We will
classify these word parts as(1) roots, (2)
prefixes, (3) suffixes. An example of a word with
three of the above parts is the medical term
"pericarditis", which means "inflammation of the
outer layer of the heart". Pericarditis can be
divided into three parts
peri -
card - itis.
Once divided into its essential parts,
pericarditis can be translated the prefix "peri"
translates to "surrounding", the root "card"
translates to "heart", and the suffix "itis"
translates to "inflammation". Hence, pericarditis
is an inflammation of the area surrounding the
heart, or an inflammation of the outer layer of
the heart, anatomically known as the pericardium

9
Radiographic / Medical terminology

Why is it important in radiography?

10
Radiographic terminologycommon language

Prefix
A
Ab
Ad
Ana
Bi
Brady
Contra
Endo
Epi
Extra
Hemi
Hyper
Hypo
Infra
Inter
Intra
Meta
Micro

Multi
Neo
Para
Peri
Poly
Post
Pre
Re
Retro
Semi
Sub
Super
Supra
Syn
Tachy
Tetra
Trans
Tri

11
Radiographic terminologycommon language

Suffixes
Ac
Al
Ar
Ary
Eal
ial
ic
Ous
Algia
Ase
Cele
Clast
Crit
Cyte
Ectasis
Ectomy
Emesis
Emia

Ism
Itis
Lepsy
Lysis
Lytic
Malacia
Megaly
Morph
Odia
Oid
Ologist
Ology
Oma
Orrhea
Osis
Ostomy
Otomy
Phagia
Phobia

12
Radiographic terminologycommon language

Root words
Abdomin
Acou
Acr
Adrenal
Adren
Andr
Ankyl
Antr
Aort
Appendic
Arthro
Articul
Blast
Brachi
Cardi
Caud
Cephal
Chondr

Hemat
Hepat
Hist
Hydr
Labi
Later
Leuk
Lingu
Lip
Macr
necr
My
Noct
Onc
Oophor
Oste
Pector
Polyp
Pshych

13
Radiographic terminologyin the work place

Tube
Primary beam
Collimator (LBD)
Coning
centre
Table
Bucky
Upright cassette holder
Grids
Console
Transformer cabinet

Cassette
Film
Processor
DR
CR
General
Screening
CT
Ultrasound
MRI
Nuc med

14
Radiographic terminologyclinically

Supine
Prone
Anterior
Posterior
Caudal
Cephalic
Lateral
Medial
Ipsilateral
Contralateral
Distal
Proximal
Superficial
Deep

15
Radiographic terminology Positioning

LPO, RPO
LAO, RAO
Oblique
Axial
Tangential
Erect
Recumbent
Sims
Trendelenburg
Fowlers
Decubitus
AP/PA
Horizontal beam

Abduction
Adduction
Rotate
Flexion
Extension
Deviation
Stress
Indication
Contraindication
Inspiration
Expiration

16
descriptions

Supine................lying face
upProne.................lying face down
Anterior (Ventral)............at the
frontPosterior (Dorsal)............at the back
Cranial (Cephalic)...............toward the
headCaudal..............toward the tail
Medial..............nearer the midline of the
body or a structureLateral..............Farther
away from the midline of the body or a structure
Ipsilateral...............On the same side of the
body or structureContralateral..............On
the opposite side of the body or structure
Proximal...................Closer to a
structureDistal....................Further away
from a structure
Superficial................Closer to the
surfaceDeep.....................Farther down
below the surface