SOCIAL STUDIES 30

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SOCIAL STUDIES 30

• CASE STUDY 3 ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN A
  DEMOCRACY

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QUICK HISTORY LESSON

• FIRST CANADIAN PARTIES BEGAN IN 1820s 1830s
• SECRET BALLOT INTRODUCED IN 1874
• SIMULTANEOUS BALLOTING IN 1908
• AT CONFEDERATION EACH MP REPRESENTED ABOUT 750
• TODAY EACH MP REPRESENTS ABOUT 95 000
• LIMITS ON CAMPAIGN SPENDING BY CANDIDATES.
  POLITICAL PARTY MORE POWERFUL THAN INDIVIDUAL MPs

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PARTY TIME

• ONE PARTY SYSTEM
• DEMOCRATIC IF NO ONE EXCLUDED FROM MEMBERSHIP
• MEXICO
• TWO PARTY SYSTEM
• CLEAR ALTERNATIVE
• UNITED STATES
• MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM
• THEY MAINTAIN DISTINCTIVENESS CLEAR CHOICE
• NEGATIVE IS TOUGH FOR A MAJORITY COALITION
• HYBRID PARTY SYSTEM
• TWO PARTY MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM TOGETHER
• CANADA

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CAUCUS

• THE FULL MEETING OF A POLITICAL PARTY IN WHICH
  PARTY POLICIES ARE DISCUSSED AND APPROVED, OFTEN
  BY CONSENSUS
• MEETING IS PRIVATE
• INDIVIDUAL MPs EXPRESS THEIR VIEWS WITHOUT
  RESTRAINT

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STRENGTHS OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN CANADA

• CHANNEL OF COMMUNICATION B/T PEOPLE GOVERNMENT
• RECRUIT TRAIN LEADERS
• EDUCATE THE PUBLIC PARTY PLATFORM
• PARTY MUST BE FLEXIBLE
• PROVIDE METHOD OF CHANGING LEADERS PEACEFULLY
• CREATE A FORUM FOR DISSENT

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WEAKNESS OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN CANADA

• ELECTED REPS ARE LOYAL TO PARTY AND NOT TO THE
  PEOPLE
• PARTY LOYALTY OR EXPELLED FROM PARTY CAUCUS
• FREE VOTE ON CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES
• PARTY LEADER TOO POWERFUL CHOOSES KEY POSITIONS
• CABINET MAKE LAWS BACKBENCHERS NO POWER

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AMERICAN PARTIES

• LOYAL TO CONSTITUENCY FIRST AND PARTY SECOND
• LACK OF PARTY DISCIPLINE SLOW PACE OF
  LEGISLATION
• NO MONEY RESTRICTIONS ON CAMPAIGNING
• EX. ROSS PEROT RUNNING FOR PRESIDENT
• EX. FORBES RUNNING FOR PRESIDENT

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REPUBLICANS

• PARTY OF THE RIGHT
• VOICE OF CONSERVATISM
• AFTER 1932 EMPHASIS ON TRADITIONAL VALUES ON
  FAMILY, COMMUNITY, RELIGION
• STRICTER VIEW OF AMERICAN CONSTITUTION
  INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS BEAR ARMS, LIBERTY, FAIR
  TRIAL
• REAGAN 1980s EMPHASIS ON RELIGION, SMALLER
  GOVT LESS TAXES
• ELEPHANT LOYAL, LOGICAL, CLEVER, COMMITTED TO
  PRINCIPLES

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DEMOCRATS

• PARTY OF THE CENTRE
• VOICE OF LIBERALISM
• FDR 1930s PARTY OF THE POOR, DISADVANTAGED,
  POWERLESS ORGANIZED LABOR
• KENNEDY JOHNSON -1960s PROTECT MINORITIES,
  SOCIAL ASSISTANCE GOVT REGULATION OF BUSINESS
  TO PROMOTE GREATER EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
• CLINTON 1990s HEALTH CARE REFORM
• KERRY 2004 HEALTH CARE
• DONKEY HUMBLE, SMART, COURAGEOUS, LOVABLE

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• STEPHAN DION
• EMPHASIS ON GOVT INVOLVEMENT TO ASSIST POOR
  DISADVANTAGED
• CALLED FOR SOCIAL WELFARE, MORE GOVT REGULATION
  OF ECONOMY LARGER ROLE OF FEDERAL GOVT
• SINCE 1990, SLIGHTLY LESS GOVT REGULATION AND A
  BIT MORE SELF RELIANCE
• LIBERAL IDEAS
• MARIJUANA LEGALIZED
• TOUGHER GUN LAWS
• SAME-SEX MARRIAGE

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• STEPHEN HARPER
• REDUCE GOVT INVOLVEMENT IN ALL ASPECTS OF SOCIETY
• SUPPORTED FREE TRADE CLOSER TIES WITH U.S.
• TRADITIONAL VIEWS ON SOCIETY AND RELIGION
• MULRONEY (PROGRESSIVE CONSERVATIVE PARTY 1980s
  SOLD OFF CROWN CORPORATIONS LESS GOVT ROLE
• BIG DEFEAT 1993 KIM CAMPBELL 157 SEATS TO 2

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• JACK LAYTON
• MAIN PARTY OF THE LEFT (SOCIALIST)
• FORMED IN 1961 OUT OF CCF
• CHRISTIAN PRINCIPLES TO HELP FELLOW MAN
• SOCIAL WELFARE COLLECTIVE GOOD BY STATE
• SOME GOVT REGULATION OF ECONOMY ALONG WITH
  COMPREHENSIVE WELFARE SYSTEM

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• FORMED IN EARLY 1990s BY LUCIEN BOUCHARD
• SUPPORT EXTENSIVE SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEM
• ADVOCATE SOVEREIGN INDEPENDENT QUEBEC
• REFERENDUM IN 1995
• Now Gilles Duceppe

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REFORM

• BEGAN IN 1987 AS MOVEMENT OF WESTERN DISCONTENT
  BY PRESTON MANNING
• PROMISED MORE FREE VOTES
• PROPOSED TRIPLE E SENATE
• OPPOSED OFFICIAL BILINGUALISM, MULTICULTURALISM
  SPECIAL PRIVILEGES FOR PROVINCES
• LIMIT IMMIGRATION
• REDUCE SIZE OF GOVERNMENT

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RHINOCEROS PARTY

• The Rhinoceros Party of Canada was started in
  1968 by a group of Quebecois including Robert
  Charlebois and François Gourd. In the next two
  decades, the party became a well known and well
  liked part of Canadian politics. The party
  presented platforms and candidates for federal
  elections at one point, Charlebois ran against
  Pierre Trudeau in his own riding. The Rhinoceros
  Party remained registered until the early 1990s.
• The party's main campaign promise was to "promise
  nothing", but they ignored that. Their promises
  included

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RHINOCEROUS PARTY

• The party's main campaign promise was to "promise
  nothing", but they ignored that. Their promises
  included
• repeal the law of gravity,
• pave the province of Manitoba to create the
  world's largest parking lot,
• institute illiteracy as Canada's third official
  language,
• tear down the Rocky Mountains so that Albertans
  could see the Pacific sunset,
• build sloping bicycle paths across the country so
  that Canadians could "coast from coast to coast",
  
• breed a mosquito that would only hatch in January
  so that "the little buggers will freeze to
  death",
• turn Montreal's Rue Ste-Catherine into the
  world's longest bowling alley,
• paint Canada's coastal sea limits so that
  Canadian fish would know where they were at all
  times,
• count the Thousand Islands to make sure none are
  missing,
• impose an "import quota on lousy winters --
  Canadians are sick of being God's frozen people.
  It's time to get back to the four basic seasons
  salt, pepper, mustard and vinegar."
• include the word "fun" in Acts of Parliament,
  Acts of provincial legislatures, and Bylaws of
  municipalities, from which it was apparently
  conspicuously absent.

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POLITICAL PARTY HISTORY IN CANADA

• SOCIAL CREDIT FOUNDED IN 1935 BY WILLIAM ABERHART
  (BIBLE BILL)
• REFORM BANKING SYSTEM
• STRENGTH IN AB, BC, QUE

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COOPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH FEDERATION

• FOUNDED IN 1933 BY J.S. WOODSWORTH
• DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST PARTY
• ECONOMIC PLANNING NATINALIZATION OF MAJOR
  INDUSTRIES TO CREAT A MORE EGALITARIAN SOCIETY
• CHANGED NAME TO NDP IN 1961