Sustainable%20Technology%20Based%20Development%20via%20Science%20Parks%20

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Sustainable Technology Based Development via
Science Parks Their Benefits

• Sadiq M. Sait
• 1 December 2003

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Two Part Outline

• Part I About Science Parks
• Concept, Trends, Stakeholders, Motives, Benefits,
  Conceptual Plan, Proposed Site, Potential
  Tenants, Financing, Consultants, Look-Ahead Plan,
  etc
• Part II Their Benefits Tourism

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• Part I
• About Science Parks

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About Science Parks

• What are they?
• History and Trends
• Stakeholders
• Motives
• Relevant Joint Activities
• The Incubator
• Saudi Arabian Experience

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What Are they?

• Definitions and forms A wide range
• A generally accepted definition includes A
  property based initiative which
• Has operational links with universities, research
  centers, and/or other higher education
  institutions
• Is designed to encourage the formation and growth
  of knowledge based industries on high-added-value
  firms
• Has a steady management team actively engaged in
  the transfer of technology and business skills
• Science parks in other parts of the world
  Australia, Dubai, Finland, Hong-Kong, Morocco,
  Brazil, UK, USA, everywhere, hundreds
• IASP (International Association of Science Parks)

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Different from an RI

• External Research projects at KFUPM departments
  and RI differ from Science Park concept
• At the Science-Park, companies conduct research
  independently for their own motives, by their own
  researchers, utilizing their own facilities, and
  may involve University researchers facilities,
  without intervention of University
• It differs from funded project awarded to
  University faculty

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History and Trend

• Earlier, most (if not all) universities were
  reluctant to embrace collaboration with industry,
  and industry similarly was shy of academia
• Around 1980s, Universities began trying to
  contact industry (a little earlier in some
  industrialized countries such as the UK)
• The science park concept was an unfamiliar one
  and companies were mainly attracted to it by a
  desire to be near to the University's scientific
  research

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History and Trend

• Around 1994, Universities would contact companies
  through Science Parks (Research Parks)
• Now, there are networks of universities and
  networks of Science Parks
• With time, science from laboratories (with work
  on proof of concept, prototyping), via liaison
  offices, incubators, nurseries, science parks is
  making to industry

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Stakeholders

• The primary stakeholders in the development and
  sustenance of a Science Park are
• The University
• Tenant firms and enterprises (industry
  component)
• Investors and Private Start-up Companies
• Each of these stakeholders will play a vital role
  in the development and growth of the Science Park
  (PASP)

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Universitys Motives

• Economic development through industry linked
  projects
• University to become skilled at industry
  collaboration
• Tenants forming useful associations with the
  University in the pursuit of any aspect of the
  our Universitys mission
• Opportunities for commercialization of University
  research, including via incubation facilities for
  start-ups
• To earn income from ground rental in support of
  University research

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Joint Activities

• Joint research projects, especially for graduate
  and doctoral students
• Work experience programs for undergrads (part-
  and full-time jobs for university students)
• Sharing of university equipment and laboratories
• Custom-designed education programs for tenants
• Many staff in tenant companies can enroll in our
  graduate programs
• Advice from tenants (companies) on the design of
  courses
• Adjunct appointments of industry experts to teach
  and research in the university

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Joint Activities

• Larger companies can have their research work
  contracted to the university. (The proximity with
  the academic departments producing hundreds of
  graduates in an area of expertise is a plus)
• Companies can donate equipment and tools, share
  expertise, etc., in return for using university
  labs, faculty, and students
• Tenants can also lend University valuable
  scientific equipment
• Senior staff of tenant companies can serve on
  University advisory boards
• Tenants can offer scholarships to postgraduate
  students

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Types

• There are several models, depending on the
  objectives
• It could be a park or a network or parks (a park
  can be a network of companies)
• For a Science Park linked to a University,
  collaboration is the key
• May or may not have an Incubator

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What is an Incubator?

• An incubator is a welcoming and supporting
  partner that generates and sustains the dynamic
  process of business enterprise development for
  individuals eager to start companies to build
  commercially viable products and services over
  innovative technologies it provides support in
  terms of infrastructure, logistics, finance,
  training, advice, and offices, until the
  businesses find their own place.

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Part IIConceptual Plan of PASP
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Conceptual Plan of PASP

• The Vision
• The Mission
• Goals/Objectives
• Benefits
• Funding Finance
• Governance Management
• Some Critical Success Factors

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The Vision

• To create an environment within the university
  that will forge closer ties and enduring links
  between academia and the industry spanning a
  spectrum of research and development issues for
  technological and economic growth.

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The Mission Statement

• To institute a financially self-sustaining
  physical entity that would foster technological
  innovation and accelerate its commercial
  deployment through sustained collaboration with
  established companies as well as promote start-up
  enterprises through business incubator programs.

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Goals/Objectives

• The primary purpose of instituting a science park
  within KFUPM can be listed as follows
• To forge a strong collaboration between the
  university and industry in RD
• To promote small tech-specific businesses and
  start-ups through an incubator program
• To direct significant technology-driven foreign
  investment and presence into the Kingdom
• Commercialization of research
• Providing a strong point of presence for major
  international companies and enterprises
• Technology Transfer Channeling new global
  technologies and practices into the Kingdom

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Benefits to KFUPM

• Close links and collaborative efforts between the
  science parks businesses and tenants and the
  universitys faculty, researchers and students
• Attraction and retention from amongst the best
  faculty and researchers
• Industrial presence for the benefit of students
• The presence of International major companies
  will help keep the university abreast of the
  latest technological trends and developments
• Employment opportunities for students (during
  study and upon graduation)

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Benefits to Tenant Firms

• Tenant companies can have a significant point of
  presence in the region especially from an RD
  perspective
• Availability of a highly skilled work-force pool
  from graduate and undergraduate student body
• Assistance in identifying university programs and
  resources that best relate to the tenants
  research
• Adjunct faculty participation from tenants
• Opportunity for commercial deployment of
  universitys proprietary patents and innovations
• Access to the universitys advanced educational
  and training programs

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Benefits to Investors

• Venture Capital Companies can get involved in
  developing infrastructure for PASP and can go
  beyond it by managing the park as a commercially
  profitable enterprise
• Private start-up companies would have access to
  the incubator program at PASP, which would
  provide a stable growth catalyst. This is in
  addition to other research and development
  facilities as available to other tenants
• Developing companies would benefit from the
  mentoring, investment and marketing support which
  established larger companies could provide

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Funding Finance

• Given its ideal location and the explicit returns
  for the Industry, it is proposed that the park
  should be financed entirely by private investment
  rather than through government funding
• This would not only give the university
  independence from this huge task, but also would
  be a measure of the Industrys interest and
  initiative in the project
• Under this model, the university would be a
  privileged decision member responsible for laying
  down standards and leasing tenants while
  maintenance and construction would be the
  responsibility of a private sector enterprise

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Funding Finance

• Under the proposed financial system, the
  University will provide the land-area for the
  science park, entering into a lease agreement
  with a private enterprise for construction and
  development
• This enterprise may receive its returns from a
  percentage of the land and building rentals
• The PASP Committee has been in contact with a
  private company which with its experience in
  funding and managing such projects has expressed
  interest to partner with the university and
  secure funding for the SOLP
• Development of the Concept as a Commercial
  Venture
• Investment through SOLP in the Commercial Venture
• Advisory role in the Project implementation

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Governance Management

• The effective management and governance of the
  science park is based on the collaboration
  between three major parties
• university, knowledge and resources
• industry financing from the industry
• government regulations and incentives come from
  them
• Park managed as a commercial enterprise by a Park
  Manager, who heads the management team, and is
  overseen by a board of directors

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Critical Success Factors

• Consensus on the factors that contribute to the
  success or failure of university-related science
  parks can be placed in two categories
• Factors associated with the site, (its size and
  location), the universitys inclination, and its
  research base to contribute and gain from such a
  relationship
• Factors associated with the universitys
  administration and sponsoring of the project

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Critical Success Factors

• Factors that can greatly impact the development
  and growth are
• Planning, leadership, commitment and involvement
  of all concerned parties for effective
  implementation of the plan
• The detailed plan should be based on clear
  objectives, well integrated with the long-term
  mission and goal of the university (UNESCO Team
  coming to assist and consult, and also British
  Council is involved)
• Close interaction between the tenant firms and
  the university (openness)
• A clear management structure with a Park Manager
  appointed at an early stage
• Preference to companies in the general strengths
  of the university

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Part IIIGeneral Discussions Conclusion
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Fact

• Despite the considerable potential benefits,
  world-wide experience shows that genuine
  collaboration between universities and industry
  within science parks has been difficult to
  achieve. Companies in science parks are
  commercially oriented and need to be persuaded
  that the University offers attractions.

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A Comment The Challenge

• Studies have concluded that many science parks
  are mainly a form of prestigious real estate
  development, physically isolated from the
  surrounding society and thus quite unlikely to
  generate productive synergies of any kind.
  (Phillimore et al, XV IASP World Conference
  Proceedings)
• KFUPM needs to accept this challenge and work
  hard to demonstrate its enthusiasm and ability to
  offer value to tenant companies

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Broader goals Caution

• All future tenants must be capable of and
  willing to work with the University
• Provisions must be worked out to ensure that the
  Park achieves the University's aims and does not
  degenerate into just another business park
• University must attract organizations capable of
  'forming any useful association with the
  University

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What to Expect?

• The university will be surrounded by some of the
  worlds leading technology companies
• Industry participation in academia
• The university will build on its current
  strengths due to proximity with industry.
  Proximity will assist greatly in fostering
  relationship with tenants
• The research/teaching programs will concentrate
  on modern high technology, and universitys
  research will win recognition through grants and
  sponsorships

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How to Encourage Collaboration

• Involving faculty in planning tenant selection
• RI and University Research Office can be tenants
• Appointing a Park Manager early
• The university having a stake in the parks
  ongoing development
• Offering tenants privileged access to university
  facilities
• Holding regular seminars and briefings, where
  university and tenant staff can mingle and make
  informal contacts
• Special scholarships for students to conduct
  their research projects in the Park
• Inviting senior staff of tenant companies to join
  university advisory boards

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Current Status

• Master plan is being created approvals are
  being sought
• Legal issues are being looked into
• Offset program (SOLP) is being contacted both
  directly and via a private enterprise, and
  alternate modes of financing are investigated.
• Tenants are sending to the university their
  letters-of-intent (Idemitsu, Japan Cytec, Italy
  IFP, France, Membrana of Germany)
• Few have already moved in physically/virtually.
  Some will construct their own building with our
  specs (Schlumberger, France CIBA, Switzerland
  JCCP, Japan)

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Finally

• The PASP is a strong statement of KFUPMs
  determination to maintain its high standards in
  research, technological development and academic
  excellence.
• It is an initiative to couple the universitys
  resources and talent with the technological
  capabilities of the industrial sector, thereby
  creating a highly collaborative environment with
  vast potential for joint technological research
  and development.
• With the establishment of this science park,
  KFUPM moves forward into its fiftieth year with a
  far-reaching initiative that will be a dynamic
  catalyst for technological development and
  collaboration between the university and the
  industry.

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Part IITourism in Saudi Arabia
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Overview

• Saudi Arabias vastness knows great extremes
• Arid deserts to coastal towns
• Highly sophisticated metropolitan centers to holy
  pilgrim sites
• One of the largest countries in Asia (2 Million
  Sq Kms)
• Eight neighbors on three sides
• Largest economy in the region
• Large number of expatriates work and pilgrims
  visit (cosmopolitan cities)
• Population about 20 Million (with over 50 below
  the age of 20)
• Substantial resources

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Status

• Recently, the government started encouraging
  local investment in recreational projects
• This is expected to create jobs and diversify
  Saudi economy
• A new agency has been set up for promotion of
  tourism
• Visa regulations are being relaxed to encourage
  tourists to visit the Kingdom's cultural,
  historic and archaeological sites
• Both the above mentioned factors have encouraged
  huge multi-billion dollar investments in the
  Leisure and Tourism sector to major cities

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Income from Tourism

• It is forecast that the tourism sector could
  generate income of U 3 billion within five years
  of relaxing rules that restrict the issuance of
  tourist visas
• The current seventh Development Plan (2000-2005)
  sets the objectives of developing the Leisure and
  Tourism sector into one of the major economic
  sectors
• Tourism will also help create jobs

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Encourage Private Sector

• The strategy developed in the plan sees the need
  to expand and diversify facilities with
  particular emphasis on encouraging the private
  sector to establish more projects
• Over the past few years, the private sector has
  spent over US 6.6 billion to set up tourism and
  leisure and amusement projects in Saudi Arabia,
  and plans to invest about U5.3 billion in the
  next five years

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First Steps

• As a first step towards encouraging local
  tourism, the Government announced the formation
  of the Supreme Tourism Commission (STC) in order
  to develop the sector
• Visa regulations were also simplified to
  encourage foreign tourists to visit the country
• Pilgrims coming for Hajj or Umrah are also now
  allowed to travel and move freely in the country,
  outside the traditional holy cities of Makkah and
  Medinah

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First Steps

• All these regulations are being introduced
  gradually
• When fully implemented will go a long way to
  further encourage investment in the sector
• There is good evidence to suggest that some
  Saudis have started spending their annual
  holidays in the Kingdom
• Tourist attractions have been constructed in the
  mountains of the West and South and also around
  Riyadh and the Eastern Province
• Tourist sites have been constructed and some are
  being expanded

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Tourism Business

• Saudi businessmen have recognized the potential
  demand and are developing plans to meet it
• In the short to medium term, there are large
  numbers of projects that offer good opportunities
  to foreign businesses that have products and
  services for
• hotels
• Resorts
• amusement parks
• theme parks
• entertainment centers and
• sporting facilities

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Description

• Vast, complex and fascinating, Saudi Arabia has a
  rich collection of historical sites, such as the
  Nabatean remains of Madain Saleh, diverse and
  rugged landscapes, vibrant cities and, of course,
  the Saudi people themselves - deeply traditional
  and respectful. Comment An adventurous journey
  through a fascinating country. Hotels and roads
  are excellent, but be prepared for dusty off-road
  driving and more basic conditions whilst camping.

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Getting There

• Visas
• At present for pilgrimage, or tourism through
  airlines, travel groups etc. Small "educational
  groups" from universities, alumni organizations
  and museums are getting special travel permits
  through Saudi Arabian Airlines, the national
  carrier.
• Travel
• All airlines fly to major cities
• Buses to travel to archeological sites
• http//www.canoe.ca/TravelWorld/saudi_9905.html
  (Site to visit The article title is Saudi
  Arabia lifts the veil Conservative Kingdom
  opening door to foreign tourists by EILEEN ALT
  POWELL -- Associated Press)

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What the country has to offer

• Blend of modern and traditional styles
• Plenty of nature oriented entertainment
• Desert (vast empty quarter in the south), sand
  dunes, desert trips
• date orchards, oasis
• beaches (24/7, 365 days of sunshine), a very long
  coastline
• the Red Sea beaches with turquoise water known
  for the worlds finest scuba diving
• mountain resorts, valleys, and camping areas
• Falconry
• See Bedouin life style (jewellery, tents etc)
• Modern day
• Play golf,
• Visit
• arcade centers
• aquariums
• museums, Abdul Raouf Museum in Jeddah
• zoo
• Play water sports
• Pilgrimage

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What the country has to offer

• Historic and archeological sites
• The country is also very rich in archaeological
  sites
• These include the spectacular tombs and
  dwellings carved into sandstone 2,000 years ago
  by the Nabateans (the same lost civilization that
  created Petra in neighboring Jordan).

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Archeological Sites

• Diriyah The 350-year-old ruins at Diriyah, the
  ancient home of Saudi kings and tribal leaders
  near Riyadh, is being renovated after 20 years of
  neglect. The Saudi government is transforming
  Diriyah as part of its push to attract tourists.

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AdDiriyah

• Located on the banks of Wadi Hanifa, about 20
  KMs north of Riyahd.
• A visit to the antiquities of AdDiriyah today is
  a beneficial and joyous experience for families.
• It refreshes the memories of the religious
  reforms and the establishment of the Saudi State.
• Old capital, one of the big ancient cities,
  famous also for date palms.
•  

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Madain Al-Saleh Sites

• Madain Saleh is situated in the north western
  area of Saudi Arabia. It was created by the
  Nabetians (the same people who built the
  magnificant Petra in Jordan). Madain Saleh is a
  spectacular site.

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What the country has to offer

• In addition to this, you will find
• excellent 5-star hotels,
• residential beach cities and resorts,
• amusement parks (including indoor/outdoor games
  and amusement equipment).
• Infrastructure such as roads, rail, telecom, h
  and furnished flats, etc is excellent and is
  being improved.

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Things To Do and Enjoy..

• Shopping Cuisine and Food
• Big malls, buy anything from gold to groceries
• Carpet shopping, Perfumes, Jewellery,
• Dates and Arabic bread, Tabbouleh, Mutabbak, etc
• Shahi, Gahwah, (Arabic tea/coffee) etc., are
  traditional drinks Sheeshah
• Cuisines from all over the worlds (Thai food to
  Pizzas) are available
• Arabic food to fast food, all chains are
  available (and rates are extremely reasonable)
• http//www.1uptravel.com/international/middleeast/
  saudi-arabia/shopping.html

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Gold Souk

• One of the largest retail gold markets in the
  world. The Gold Souk sells everything
• from ingots to intricately worked jewellery
• as well as pearls and precious stones, at bargain
  prices
• Alleys of small shops are hidden behind the
  larger street front stores whose windows are
  tightly packed with gold jewellery from all over
  the world

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Images

• Pictures
• http//geo.ya.com/travelimages/saudiarabia4.html