Adobe Photoshop

1
Adobe Photoshop
Tutorial
Part Two Retouching A Scanned Image
2
Reset All Tools.

• To ensure that all the tools
• you will use in this tutorial are set
  correctly, you will reset them to their default
  settings.
• Click the tool icon, top left
• click the menu radial
• button, just to the right
• From the Tool Presetspull-down menu, choose
  Reset All Tools.

3
Open the Fruit Image.

• Open the Fruit file, located in your Desktop copy
  of the Photoshop Files folder.
• Use the embedded profile

4
Rotate the Image.

• To turn the image so that it has the correct
  orientation, from the Image menu, select
  Rotate Canvas 90 CW.

5
Cropping At the Border.

• Trimming unwanted areas of an image will make the
  file size smaller, improving performance of the
  Photoshop program.
• You will use the cropping tool to eliminate the
  black border on this image.

6
Select With Cropping Tool.

• Get the cropping tool from the toolbox.
• Drag the cropping tools marquee from the upper
  left corner to the lower right corner of the
  image.
• You may alter the croppingselection in a number
  of ways, or you may deselect and start over.

7
Altering the Cropping Selection.

• You may alter the selection border of the
  cropping tool in the following ways
• Drag from one of the handles on the cropping
  rectangle to adjust its size or angle of
  rotation.
• Drag from within the cropping rectangle to move
  the entire rectangle.
• Cancel the selection by clicking any tool.

8
Zoom in for Cropping Control.

• Type a few times to zoom in, then scroll
  (press thespacebar and drag) to one of the
  corners of the image.
• You will be adjusting the position of the
  cropping rectangle so that you can crop off the
  unwanted black border.

9
Adjust Cropping Selection.

• Drag from the handle at the corner of the
  cropping marquee. Position the marquee so that it
  falls exactly on the inside edge of the black
  border.
• Scroll to the opposite corner and do the same.

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10
Complete the Crop.

• To complete the cropping procedure, press the
  Return key.
• You may instead double-click inside the
  cropping marquee.
• Double-click on the zoom tool in the toolbox.

11
Save As.

• As in all computer programs, you should save your
  work-in-progress periodically to avoid potential
  losses.
• Choose Save As from the File menu.
• Choose Photoshop from the File Format menu.
• Do not save your work-in-progress compressed.
• When asked, click Replace to replace the original
  Fruit file.

12
Adjusting Image Size/Resolution.

• We can use Photoshop to increase or decrease the
  images size and resolution independent of one
  another.
• Images can be made smaller without a loss in
  quality.
• Images made larger, with resolution increased by
  re-sampling, usually will demonstrate a loss of
  image quality.

13
The Image Size Dialog Box.

• From the Image Menu, choose Image Size. The Image
  Size dialog box appears.
• Here you can control
• The pixel dimensions of the image.
• The printing dimensions of the image
• The resolution of the image.

14
Decrease the Image Size.

• In the Pixel Dimensions Height box, enter 378
  pixels. (Be sure units are set to pixels.)
• The Width will decrease proportionately to about
  449 pixels, with the resolution remaining at 72
  ppi. The file size will decrease to about 495K.

15
Complete the Resize.

• If you accidentally enter the wrong numbers, you
  can restore the original values by holding down
  the Option key and clicking the Reset button.
• If the numbers are correct, click OK, and then
  Save the image.

16
Sharpening the Image.

• Images that are soft (slightly blurred or out
  of focus) can be improved using various
  sharpening filters.
• From the Filter menu, choose Sharpen Unsharp
  Mask.
• This filter will increaseapparent sharpnessby
  increasing edge contrast.

17
Unsharp Mask Values.

• Drag within the small window to see other parts
  of the image. Dragging in the window will
  momentarily remove the effect, allowing you to
  toggle between the sharpened and the
  unsharpened image.
• Deselect Preview and experiment with different
  settings.

18
Complete the Sharpening.

• A range of 50 to 15 in Amount works best for
  most images.
• The Radius determines the depth of pixels
  affected at the edge to be sharpened.
• The Threshold determines how much difference
  there has to be between adjacent pixels before
  sharpening is applied.
• Click OK.

19
Cleaning Up Dust.

• The Dust Scratches filter cleans up noise in
  an image by seeking out small areas of differing
  pixels and blurring them.
• Using the zoom tool, click once on the lower
  left corner of the image. You can see some dust
  in this area.

20
Select the Dusty Area.

• Using the rectangular marquee tool, select the
  bottom left corner containing the dust.
• To cancel a selection anddo it over, choose None
  fromthe Select menu, or type D .
• From the Filter menu, choose Noise Dust
  Scratches.

21
Dust and Scratches Dialog Box.

• Deselect Preview and experiment with different
  settings to observe the effect in the small
  window.
• Enter a radius of 16 pixels and a threshold of
  11 pixels. Click OK.
• Deselect the dust area (Select None) and
  double-click on the zoom tool.

22
Erasing a Blemish.

• You will remove the bruise on the pear by
  sampling color from the surrounding skin and
  painting it onto the pear with the rubber stamp
  tool.
• With the zoom tool, drag a square around the pear
  to zoom into it.

23
Select the Rubber Stamp Tool.

• Select the rubber stamp tool in the toolboxto
  call up its options.
• In the options bar (top of window), choose
  aligned.

24
Change Brush Size.

• From the options bar, change the brush size for
  the rubber-stamp tool to Soft Round 17
  pixels.
• Position the rubber stamps pointer just below
  and to the left of the bruise on the pear.

25
Set the Sample Origin Point.

• Option-click (hold the option key and click
  mouse) to set the origin point for the sample
  from the unbruised part of the pear. You will
  paint with pixels from this sample.
• Move the pointer over the bruised area and begin
  dragging to paint over the bruise. Change the
  sampling area for variety and a realistic
  effect.
• Save the file.

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26
Making Local Color Corrections.

• There are numerous ways to make adjustments in
  the brightness, color, contrast, and saturation
  (color intensity) of the image.
• We can also constrain any of these adjustments to
  specific areas of the image by various means.

27
A Little Magic.

• Click the magic wand tool in the toolbox to
  select it. The magic wand tool makes selections
  based upon the similarity of pixels in the area
  you click.
• Its options will appear in the Options bar above.

28
Set the Tolerance.

• The magic wand tool selects adjacent pixels that
  fall within a specified color range, or
  tolerance.
• The numbers may range from 0 (only identical
  pixels will be selected) to 255 (all pixels will
  be selected)
• In the Options bar, set the tolerance to 40.

29
Select the Background

• Click the upper left portion of the image to
  select the gray stone background. Not all
  background areas will be selected.

30
Adjust the Saturation.

• From the Image menu, choose Adjust
  Hue/Saturation. The Hue/Saturation dialog box
  appears.
• Drag the dialog box by its title bar until you
  can see the image.
• Move the Saturation slider to 50 to increase
  the intensity of colors in the selected area.
  Click OK.

31
Adjust the Brightness.

• With the background still selected, choose Adjust
  Brightness/Contrast from the Image menu.
• The Brightness/Contrast dialog box appears.
• Slide the Brightness to 10 and the Contrast to 10
  to bring out more of the texture in the
  background.
• Click OK, Deselect, and Save.

32
Using the History Palette.

• From the Window menu, select History.
• The History Palette shows the 20 most recent
  states of your image. (You can increase or
  decrease this number).
• By clicking on any one of thesestates, you can
  return the image to its appearance at that
  state.

33
Returning to Another State.

• When you click on an earlierstate, the image
  returns tothat state and everythingbeneath that
  state in theHistory Palette is grayed-out.
• If you then make a change to the image, the
  grayed-out states in the History Palette will be
  eliminated.
• The History Palette will then continue from the
  state where you made the change.

34
To Preserve a History State.

• You can create a snapshot of any History State
  that you wish to preserve.
• Select any State you choose.
• From the History Palette pull-down menu, select
  New Snapshot.
• The chosen statewill then appear asa new
  snapshot andwill always remain available.

35
Other Adjustments.

• Photoshop allows you to quickly lighten (dodge),
  darken (burn-in), or adjust the saturation of an
  area using a brush-like tool (the Toning tool).
• First, we will dodge a shadow area to lighten
  it.
• Using the Zoom tool, click once to zoom in to a
  21 view. If necessary, scroll so that you can
  see the upper-right of the image.

36
Dodge the Shadow.

• Hold the mouse button down on the Toning Tool in
  the toolbox.
• Select the Dodge tool.
• Drag to lighten the shadow in the cloth.

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37
Change Brushes.

• From the Options bar, Select the Soft Round 100
  pixel brush.

38
Using the Burn Tool.

• The burn tool option of the Toning Tool makes a
  part of the image darker.
• Select the Burn tool from the Toolbox.
• In the Options bar, set the slider to reduce the
  Exposure to 20 percent.

39
Burn In the Apricot Highlight.

• Position the burn pointer on the lower apricot,
  and drag along the crease of the apricot to
  darken the shadows and help to define its
  shape.
• Save the image.

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40
Using the Lasso Tool.

• Double-click the zoom tool to return to a 11
  view of the image.
• Select the lasso tool in the toolbox.
• In the Options bar, set the Feather radius to 20
  pixels.
• This means that 20 pixels on either side of the
  selection will be partially selected, resulting
  in a soft-edged selection.

41
Lasso the Main Subjects.

• Using the lasso cursor, draw a continuous
  selection encompassing the plate, the apple, and
  the two roses.
• When you release the mouse button, the final
  selection border appears slightly smaller due
  to the feather value.

42
Invert the Selection Hide Edges.

• From the Select menu, choose Inverse to select
  everything that is outside of the selection
  border.
• From the View Menu, deselect Extras ( H) to
  hide the selection border, making it easier to
  see the changes.

43
Another Control for Pixel Values.

• From the Image menu, choose Adjust Levels (
  L).
• The Levels dialog box shows the brightness values
  of all pixels and their distribution throughout
  the image in a histogram.
• The Levels dialog box offers more control than
  the Brightness/Contrast command.
• In the Levels dialog box you can control
  separately the brightness of shadows, midtones,
  and highlights.

44
The Levels Dialog Box.

• Move left to darkenmidtones, move rightto
  lighten midtones.
• Move right to darken shadows.
• Move left to lighten highlights.
• Move right to lighten shadows.
• Move left to darken highlights.

45
Input to the Levels Dialog Box.

• You will use the Levels dialog to adjust the
  tonal values, and thus change the midtones,
  shadows, and highlights of the image. The Preview
  check box lets you see the effect of changes to
  the image.
• Drag the middle slider to .65. Lower values
  will darken the image and higher values will
  lighten it.
• Click OK.

46
The Levels Tool Makes Bright.

• Next, we will lighten those parts of the picture
  which are within the selection.
• Choose Inverse from the Select menu to select all
  that wasnt selected before.
• The selection border appears around the
  original selection.
• Hit H to Hide the selection borders.
• Hit L for the Levels dialog box.

47
Adjust the Levels.

• Use the middle (gray) slider or enter a value of
  1.20 in the center text box. This will create
  more highlights in the midtones.
• Use the shadows (black) slider or enter 10 in
  the left text box. This will darken the
  shadows.
• Use the highlights (white) slider or enter 235
  in the right text box.This will brighten the
  highlights.

48
Changed Emphasis.

• Click OK.
• Deselect the selection.
• Save the file.
• The image now is darker around the outside and
  lighter, for emphasis, around the subject.

49
Alter the Saturation

• The sponge tool allows you to saturate or
  desaturate color for dramatic effect.
• Select the Sponge from the Toning Tools in the
  toolbox.
• In the Toning Tools Optionspalette choose
  Saturate from the mode menu.

50
Saturate the Fruit.

• Drag the sponge cursor over the different items
  of fruit to increase their color saturation for
  dramatic effect.
• You can change the sponge tool to Desaturate if
  you wish to reverse any changes, or you may
  always Revert to the last saved version of the
  image (File menu Revert).
• When finished, Save.

51
Before and After.
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52
Select the Apple.

• Select the rectangular marquee tool in the
  toolbox.
• Drag to selecta rectangulararea includingonly
  the apple.

53
A Useful Key-Combination Sequence.

• To copy the selection into a new image file,
  there is a useful sequence of key-combinations.
• Type -C then -N then hit return then -V.
• -C copies the selection to the clipboard -N
  makes a new image hitting return oks making
  the image the same size as the clipboard and -V
  copies the clipboard contents into a new layer in
  the new image.

54
Just the Apple.

• Save the resulting new file to your ZIP disk as
  Apple.
• Type a couple of times to enlarge the
  window size.
• Click once on the Foreground Color square in the
  toolbox to pick a coloryoull later use to fill
  a shape.

55
The Color Picker.

• The Color Picker will appear.
• With H (Hue) selected, you can drag the slider up
  or down to pick a different color.
• You can click in the square to change
  thebrightness andsaturation.

56
Enter the Numbers.

• You can also pick a color by entering precise
  numerical values.
• Make a dark brown foreground color by entering
  H(hue) 20 S(saturation) 60 and B(brightness)
  30.

57
Create a New Layer

• Click in the pull-down menu for the Layers
  palette and choose New Layer...

• In the dialog box, name the new layer button.

58
Make a Rectangular Selection.

• Be sure that the button layer is selected.
• Use the Rectangular Marquee tool to make a
  selection across the bottom of the image area.

59
Fill the Selection With Color.

• From the Edit menu, select Fill.
• In the Fill dialog box, select Foreground Color,
  100 Opacity and Normal Mode.

60
The Rectangle is Filled.

• The rectangular selectionon the button layer is
  now filled with the Foreground Color.
• Type D to deselect the rectangle.

61
Make Your Button 3-D.

• To make the button look as if it were 3-D, well
  add a bevel and emboss to it.
• From the Layer menu, select Layer Style Bevel
  and Emboss
• Click OK for the default settings in the dialog
  that results.

62
Create a Button Shadow.

• From the Layer menu, select Layer Style Drop
  Shadow
• In the resulting dialog box, click OK for the
  default settings.
• Your button lay now has a drop shadow, as well
  as the bevel and emboss. It appears to be a
  button that can be pressed.

63
Put Your Name on the Apple.

• Select the Type tool in the Toolbox.
• Click to make a text insertion point near the
  center of the brown rectangle.

64
The Type Tool Options.

• In the Options bar, select a font of your choice.
  Select 14 pt. size and anti-aliased smooth. Type
  your first and last names.
• If this size and font does not fit within your
  button, select the type with the type tool and
  change the options.
• Select your type with the type tool.

65
Sample the Apple.

• Click in the Color box to bring up the Color
  Picker.
• Instead of using the Color Picker,you will
  sample a color from within the apple.
• Move the cursor onto the Apple image and the
  cursor becomes an eyedropper.

66
Click On The Yellow.

• Click the eyedropper cursor on the yellow area
  near the stem of the apple.
• That color will be selected in the Color Picker.
• Click OK.
• The pixels sampled by the eyedropper will
  determine the color of the text.

67
Try It Till You Like It.

• If you are not satisfied with the appearance of
  your text, select it with the type tool, and edit
  it.
• If you ARE satisfied, use the Move Tool to
  position the text exactly where you want it.
• From the Layer menu, Flatten Image.
• Save the file.
• DO NOT MAKE THE CAPTIONS FOR YOUR PROJECT PHOTOS
  THIS WAY! Put captions in file info of
  original files make captions in PowerPoint when
  you turn in the photos in the PowerPoint show.

68
Saving for the Web.

• Photoshop will allow you to save an optimized
  version of your image which is compressed for
  quality and bandwidth settings appropriate for
  the Internet.
• From the File menu, select Save for Web
• This will export the image into ImageReady,
  Photoshops web-image companion program.

69
Your Image in ImageReady.

• Click on the 4-UP tab to see the image
  optimization choices.

70
Image Optimization Choices.

• In the 4-Up window, you will see four versions
  of your image, each one representing a
  different set of web-optimization options.
• Generally, you should select an option using
  JPEG when your image is a full-color photograph.

71
Download Information.

• Underneath each of the 4-Up images will be
  information about the file size and thedownload
  time projected for the image after it is placed
  within a web page.

72
For a Non-Photographic Image.

• For a non-photographic image, or one containing
  large areas of flat color, GIF optimization
  rather than JPEG is preferred.

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Select One Save Optimized.

• To finish your work, select a JPEG optimization
  for the apple picture, changing the parameters
  so that you achieve a download time of under
  four seconds with satisfactory image quality.
• Click OK You will be prompted for a file name
  and location for saving the optimized file. Save
  it on your Desktop as apple.jpg.
• After saving the optimized file, youll be
  returned to Photoshop and your pre-optimized
  file. Since youve already saved this file, you
  can quit Photoshop.

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Weve Learned To...

• Rotate an image.
• Crop an image and adjust its size.
• Sharpen.
• Remove dust.
• Use the rubber stamp to clone.
• Adjust hue and saturation.
• Lighten and darken Dodge and burn.
• Copy and paste a selection to a new image.
• Use the Color Picker to fill a selection.
• Add text.
• Optimize and save for the web.