Forestry Science Day 2 Ms. Dombroski August 2005

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Forestry Science Day 2Ms. DombroskiAugust 2005
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• What is a Tree?
• A woody plant having one well-defined stem and a
  formal crown. Also, a tree usually attains a
  height of 8 feet.

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Tree Parts

• What are the Three Main parts of a tree and
  What are Their Functions?
• 1. Crown Manufactures food
• 2. Stem Transports food, minerals,
  water up and down the plant
• 3. Roots Absorb water and minerals and
  transport them up through the stem to the
  crown.

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Main Parts of a Tree
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Stem Parts

• What are the parts of the stem and their
  functions?
• Heartwood Dead wood located in the center
  of the stem. Provides strength to the tree.
• Phloem Food conducting tissue
• Xylem Supporting and water-conducting tissue

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Stem Parts

• Cambium An active layer of cells located
  between the xylem and phloem. Responsible
  for the annual growth of the tree.
• Sapwood Newly formed wood between cambium
  and the heartwood
• Bark Outer surface that protects the
  cambium, phloem, and xylem.

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Growth Rings

• Springwood - Young, usually soft wood that lies
  directly beneath the bark and develops in early
  spring.

• Summerwood - produced during the latter part of
  the growing season and is harder and less porous
  than springwood.

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Division of Cambium Rings
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Tree Cookies!

• In groups of two you will need
• A handout and writing utensil
• A tree cookie
• 5 pins
• 5 pieces of tape
• You will be sharing, diameter tape and Biltmore
  sticks

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Why do Annual Rings vary in Width?

• 1. Competition for necessities
• 2. The amount of supply
• 3. Human interruption selective cutting
• 4. Natural Disasters - fires, insect damage, etc.

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Tree Canopy

• What is the main function of the canopy?

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What is the Process of Photosynthesis?

• The process whereby carbohydrates (sugars and
  starches) are manufactured in the leaves of green
  plants using water, carbon dioxide, and in the
  presence of sunlight.

6H2O 6CO2 ----------gt C6H12O6 6O2
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esis.gif
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What's in the Tree Crown?

• Complete flower?
• Contains pistil, stamen, sepals and petals
  (monoecious)
• Incomplete flower?
• A flower that lacks a specific part a pistil,
  stamen, sepals, or petals (dioecious)

• Monoecious flowers contain both the male and
  female reproductive parts.
• Dioecious flowers the male and female flower
  parts are produced on separate trees

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Parts of the Flower
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Flower Dissection Lab

• In groups of two you will need
• One handout, writing utensil
• One flower
• One tweezers
• One blunt/sharp scissor
• Microscope slide and cover slip
• Several pins
• Tape
• One dissection tray

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How do Trees Reproduce?

• 1. Seeds
• Most trees reproduce by this method
• 2. Sprouts
• 3. Suckers

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What about Seeds?

• PARTS
• 1. Seed coat - protection
• 2. Embryo organism in early development
• 3. Stored food
• a. Endosperm Nutritive tissue of flowering
  plants
• b. Cotyledons first pair of leaves to emerge

• TYPES
• 1. Monocotyledon Flowering plants (grasses,
  orchids, and lilies) having a single cotyledon in
  the seed.
• 2. Dicotyledon A flowering plant with two
  embryonic seed leaves

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Parts of the Seed
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3 Main Types of Roots

• Tap - large and fleshy, grow deep, able to store
  food (necessary for perennial plants), mostly
  found in dicotyledons
• Fibrous - close to the surface collects
  precipitation, combine efforts with TAP to
  maximize efficiency, mostly found in
  monocotyledons
• Adventitious - help plants climb ivies,
  modified underground stems bulbs, common in both
  dicots and monocots

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Tap Fruit treesFibrous TrilliumAdventitious
Lily of the Valley
ANY EXAMPLES