Participles: What are they? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Participles: What are they?

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Participial stem (4th principal part) urus,ura,urum. Future Tense. Part. Stem ... 4th principal part -urus, a, um. Declines like a 1-2 declension adjective ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Participles: What are they?


1
Participles What are they?
  • Verb
  • Can take an object
  • Has tense and voice
  • Tense relative to the main verb
  • Adjective or substantive adj (noun)
  • Can modify nouns must agree in case, , gender
  • Decline

2
Various participles in English
  • Running
  • run, having been run
  • About, going to run
  • About to be run, deserving/ fit to be run

3
Participles Forms
Active Voice Passive Voice
Present Tense Present stem -ns, -ntis (gen) DNE or WDF (When Donkeys Fly)
Perfect Tense DNE or WDF (Does Not Exist) Part. Stem us,a,um
Future Tense Participial stem (4th principal part) urus,ura,urum Pres. Stem ndus,nda,ndum
4
Present Active Participle
  • Declines like a 3rd declension, two ending
    adjective
  • In the ablative singular can end e or i (see
    Wheelock footenote p148)
  • Expresses action at the same time as the main
    verb
  • Translates as verb -ing

5
Perfect Passive Participle
  • The fourth principal part
  • Declines like a 1-2 declension adjective
  • Expresses actions prior to that of the main verb
  • Translates as having been verb-ed

6
Future Active Participle
  • 4th principal part -urus, a, um
  • Declines like a 1-2 declension adjective
  • Expresses action after the main verb
  • Translates as about/going to verb

7
Future Passive Participle
  • Formed off of present stem undus, a, um
  • Declines as a 1-2 declension adjective
  • Expresses action after main verb
  • Translates as deserving/fit to be verb-ed
  • Or about to be _______ed

8
  • Loving the girl,
  • The poet writes a letter to her.
  • The poet wrote a letter to her.
  • The poet will write a letter to her.

9
  • Amans puellam,
  • Poeta scibit litteras ei.
  • Poeta scripsit litteras ei.
  • Poeta scribet litteras ei.

10
  • Having loved the girl,
  • The poet writes a letter to her.
  • The poet wrote a letter to her.
  • The poet will write a letter to her.

11
  • Amatus puellam,
  • Poeta scibit litteras ei.
  • Poeta scripsit litteras ei.
  • Poeta scribet litteras ei.
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