Comparative genomics of fungal cytochrome P450s

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Comparative genomics of fungal cytochrome P450s

• David R. Nelson
• University of Tennessee, Memphis

Nectria haematococca
Fusarium oxysporum
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus oryzae
Aspergillus nidulans
Fusarium graminearum
N. crassa
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Animal P450 Abundance by Family
2740 named animal P450s
CYP4
CYP2
CYP6
CYP9
CYP3
CYP1
110 Families
38 of animal P450 families have only 1 or 2
sequences.
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Plant P450 Abundance by Family
CYP71
2867 named plant P450s
470
CYP81
120
CYP76
100
CYP72
Number of P450 genes and pseudogenes
CYP73
80
CYP74
60
40
95 Families
20
0
Only 28 of Plant P450 Families have 1 or 2
members
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CYP65
1384 named fungal CYPs
CYP52
CYP51
CYP61
329 families
60 of fungal P450 families have only 1 or 2
sequences.
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Prokaryote P450 Abundance by Family
813 named bacterial CYPs
CYP107
CYP105
CYP153
CYP110
CYP102
205 families
61 of prokaryote P450 families have only 1 or 2
sequences.
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Fungal P450 clans defined as the deepest branches
on phylogenetic trees.
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• Deng J., Carbone I. and Dean R.A.
• The evolutionary history of cytochrome
• P450 genes in four filamentous ascomycetes.
• BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 730
• Doi10.1186/1471-2148-7-30
• Fusarium graminearum
• Neurospora crassa
• Magnaporthe grisea
• Aspergillus nidulans

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Asp. ochraceous
Fus. sporotrichiodes
Fus. oxysporum
Asp. parasiticus
Asp. clavatus
Asp. terreus
Fus. verticilloides
Asp. flavus
Neo. fischeri
Neurospora crassa
Asp. fumigatus
Asp. niger
Mag. grisea
Fus. graminearum
Asp. oryzae
Asp. nidulans
Nectria haematococca
Asp. ochraceous
Fus. sporotrichiodes
Fus. oxysporum
Asp. parasiticus
Asp. clavatus
Asp. terreus
Fus. verticilloides
Asp. flavus
Neo. fischeri
Neurospora crassa
Asp. fumigatus
Asp. niger
Mag. grisea
Fus. graminearum
Asp. oryzae
Asp. nidulans
Nectria haematococca
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Asp. ochraceous
Fus. sporotrichiodes
Fus. oxysporum
Asp. parasiticus
Asp. clavatus
Asp. terreus
Fus. verticilloides
Asp. flavus
Neo. fischeri
Neurospora crassa
Asp. fumigatus
Asp. niger
Mag. grisea
Fus. graminearum
Asp. oryzae
Asp. nidulans
Nectria haematococca
Asp. ochraceous
Fus. sporotrichiodes
Fus. oxysporum
Asp. parasiticus
Asp. clavatus
Asp. terreus
Fus. verticilloides
Asp. flavus
Neo. fischeri
Neurospora crassa
Asp. fumigatus
Asp. niger
Mag. grisea
Fus. graminearum
Asp. oryzae
Asp. nidulans
Nectria haematococca
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Old families
New families
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ergosterol biosynthesis
ergosterol biosynthesis
benzoate-para-hydroxylase
multiple toxins
multiple toxins
fatty acid hydroxylase
The 52 most widely distributed P450 families
among 8 completed filamentous fungal genomes
phenylacetate 2-hydroxylase
aflatoxin/trichothecene
pigment biosynthesis
alkane/ fatty acid hydroxylase
nitric oxide reductase
sterigmatocystin synthesis
gliotoxin biosynthesis
gliotoxin biosynthesis
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The distribution of 252 P450 families across 8
completely sequenced filamentous fungal genomes
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Vertebrate cars all families standard, some
subfamilies optional
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Fungal cars CYP51, CYP61 standard, 250 other
families optional
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R. Perrin, N. Federova, J.-W. Bok, R.A. Cramer
Jr., J. Wortman, H. Kim, W. Nierman and N.
Keller, Transcriptional regulation of chemical
diversity in Aspergillus fumigatus by LaeA. PLoS
Pathogen 3 (2007), p. e50.
22 gene clusters were identified. 9 of these
clusters contained 19 P450 genes. 38 of the
P450s in Aspergillus fumigatus showed
differential expression in a delta LaeA strain.
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CYP5082B1
CYP5093A1
(Also in Neosartorya fischeri)
geranylgeranylDP synthase
CYP566C2
CYP613B1
CYP5085A1
The epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) class of
fungal toxins distribution, mode of action,
functions and biosynthesis Donald M. Gardiner,
Paul Waring and Barbara J. Howlett
Microbiology 151 (2005), 1021-1032
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Aspergillus nidulans P450s in chromosome order
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578A2
Homogentisate 1,2 diooxygenase
5040A1
532J1
Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
This is part of the phenylacetate catabolic
pathway that includes 504B4, 504A6, Homogentisate
1,2 diooxygenase and Fumarylacetoacetate
hydrolase. The 504A6 gene is 60kb downstream of
504B4
504B4
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 6-hydroxylase
Chromosome 12 P450 gene cluster b
(249111-271400)
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Aspergillus nidulans P450s in chromosome order
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CYP5082B1
CYP5093A1
(Also in Neosartorya fischeri)
geranylgeranylDP synthase
CYP566C2
CYP613B1
CYP5085A1
The epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) class of
fungal toxins distribution, mode of action,
functions and biosynthesis Donald M. Gardiner,
Paul Waring and Barbara J. Howlett
Microbiology 151 (2005), 1021-1032
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Aspergillus nidulans P450s in chromosome order
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A. nidulans
3269 3270 3271 3272 3273 3274 3275 3276
3277 3278 3279 3280 3281
Terpene cylase
567D1
ZnCys
MFS
667A1
PKS
654A1
567E1
A. clavatus
3839 3840 3841 3842 3843 3844
3845 3846 3847 3848 3849 3850
ZnCys
Terpene cylase
567E
654A
PKS
667A2
567D3
ZnCys
A. oryzae
0097 0098 0099 0100 0101
0102 0103
Terpene cylase
654B1
567D2
MFS
682B2
A. terreus
Terpene cylase
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Aspergillus nidulans P450s in chromosome order
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Aspergillus nidulans P450s in chromosome order