Reliability, Validity, and Plagiarism

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Reliability, Validity, and Plagiarism

• What you need to know for your iSearch papers

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What is validity?

• Validity the quality of being valid
• Duh!
• So what is valid?
• Valid well-grounded, just producing the
  desired results
• Remember BASED ON FACT

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Fact or Fiction?

• Reliable honest, something that is accurate
• Reliability trustworthy, dependable
• Notice the pattern?
• BASED ON FACT

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Lets talk about websites!

• What websites are valid and reliable?
• Examples?
• What websites are not?
• Examples?

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NO NO ZERO

• Plagiarism the unauthorized use or close
  imitation of the language and thoughts of another
  author and the representation of them as one's
  own original work
• In other words . . . STEALING

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Seriously?

• YES
• Plagiarism is considered stealing in ANY kind of
  setting (school or business)
• Why? Lets find out!

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Original Source by M.E. Gredler

• Developing complex skills in the classroom
  involves the key ingredients identified in
  teaching pigeons to play ping-pong and to bowl.
  The key ingredients are (1) inducing a response,
  (2) reinforcing subtle improvements or
  refinements in the behavior, (3) providing for
  the transfer of stimulus control by gradually
  withdrawing the prompts or cues, and (4)
  scheduling reinforcements so that the ratio of
  reinforcements in responses gradually increases
  and natural reinforcers can maintain their
  behavior.

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You decide plagiarized or not?

• Inducing a response, providing for the transfer
  of stimulus control by gradually withdrawing
  prompts or cues, reinforcing subtle improvements
  in the behavior, and scheduling reinforcements so
  that natural reinforcers can maintain their
  behavior are the key ingredients identified both
  in teaching pigeons to play ping-pong and in
  developing complex skills in the classroom.

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So?

• THAT EXAMPLE WAS PLAGIARIZED!
• Why?
• Positive Moved words around
• Negative Copied word for word
• Negative No quotations used to cite these word
  for word passages

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What about this one?

• According to Gredler (2001), the same factors
  apply to developing complex skills in a classroom
  setting as to developing complex skills in any
  setting. A response must be induced, then
  reinforced as it gets closer to the desired
  behavior. Reinforcers have to be scheduled
  carefully, and cues have to be withdrawn
  gradually so that the new behaviors can be
  transferred and maintained.

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So what is the difference?

• Good When you use information from ANY other
  source than yourself, you MUST cite who or where
  that information came from.
• Sources personal interviews, books, magazines,
  internet, movies, etc.
• Good If you copy information word for word from
  another source, you MUST use quotation marks to
  quote it!
• Good With ANY researched information, you must
  have a works cited list that includes ALL of your
  sources.

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What Zero?

• Bad Copying information without telling the
  reader where you pulled it from.
• Bad Not using quotation marks when you copy
  word for word.
• Bad Not providing a list of all of your sources
  to tell the reader what you used to gather your
  research.