Greece

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Greece

• Day 1
• Geography and the Greek Polis

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Analyze these maps
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Physical
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Agriculture
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Population
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Describe Greek Geography
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Inferences about development?
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What were the first civilizations?

• B.C. 1900 Minoans on the Island of Crete
• Relied on sailors and sea trade
• Mycenaeans from mainland conquered

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How do we know of them?
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What is a polis?

• City-states started forming in the 800-700s B.C.
• Developed around a fort surrounding farmland on
  a hill (acropolis)
• Population usually less than 10,000
• Citizenshipfree adult males from that city-state

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How were polises different?

• Each had their own calendar, money, and system of
  weights and measures

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How were they the same?

• Generally spoke Greek
• Anyone who did not speak Greek was a barbarian
  (one who mumbles)
• Similar religious beliefs, culture, and social
  patterns

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What were the effects of the polis on Greek
development?
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How were polises controlled?

• Originally ruled by warrior chieftains
• Relied on rich landowners to supply chariots,
  horses, and bronze weapons
• Landowners called aristocrats (best men)
• By 700 B.C. aristocrats were more powerful and
  took over city-states
• Polises became aristocracies

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What was life like in an aristocracy?

• Aristocrats controlled religion, courts, economy,
  military
• Poor people unhappy

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How did aristocracies lose power?

• Over time, non-aristocrats gained wealth and
  power to buy weapons/armor
• Hoplites developed (soldiers with long spears)
• Aristocrats horses
• and chariots could
• not beat hoplites

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(No Transcript)
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What happened to the aristocracies?

• Tyrants (illegally took power with peoples
  support)
• At first popular, but many abused their power
• Some city-states overthrew their tyrants and
  developed democracy
• Political rights given to free men of that
  city-state

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Athens v. Sparta

• Complete Venn Diagram