Sterile Technique

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Sterile Technique
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MEDICAL ASEPSIS

• Reduction of pathogens (less pathogens less
  infection)
• Microbial Dilution
• Disinfection
• Sterilization-( this is part of surgical asepsis)
• Involves treatment w/ heat, gas or chemicals
• Stored to prevent contamination

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Methods of Proper Cleaning

• HAND WASHING- BEST METHOD to prevent infection
• Standard precautions
• Housekeeping
• Cleaning contaminated areas
• Clean equipment w/ disinfectant
• Fold linens so contaminated area is inside 1X use

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Contaminated Items and Waste

• Place in bio-hazard bag
• Used needles and syringes-
• placed in special container
• Receives syringe w/out recapping needle
• Recap only after drawing up contrast, otherwise
  NEVER !!!!

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• Contaminated bandages- gloves and bio-bag
• Lab specimens- place in containers in bio- bag
• Wear gloves when handling bed pans and urinals
• Always wear gloves when moving patients

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Medical vs. Surgical Asepsis

• Medical Asepsis-
• methods that reduce pathogens
• Surgical Asepsis-
• complete destruction of pathogens and spores
  from equipment used to perform patient care OR
  procedures ( usually invasive)
• Sterile items used in Radiology obtained from
  central supply

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Sterilization Methods

• 5 Methods Used
• Chemical
• Dry Heat
• Conventional Gas
• Gas Plasma
• Autoclaving MOST commonly used method
• Sterility Indicators

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Creating Sterile Fields

• Area considered free from micro-organisms
• Prepared for use of sterile supplies and
  equipment (invasive)
• First check sterility of supplies and equipment,
  p. 173
• Package clean, dry, unopened and expiration date
• Sterility indicators are proper color

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• Place package on clean surface
• Unfold the first corner away from you
• Next unfold the 2 sides
• Last pull front fold down toward you and drop it
• Do not touch the inner surface
• The inner wrap , is opened in the same way/ with
  sterile gloves on, p. 175-178

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• Other sterile items can now be added
• Open wrap, stand back and drop items onto tray
• Liquids, e.g. Betadine,
• read label, squirt few drops into trash
• Pour into area on tray ( no splash)
• Show doctor the label and say out loud

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• To move things on tray have on sterile gloves or
  use sterile forceps
• Never reach across a sterile field
• If procedure postponed dont open tray
• If open- cover w/ sterile drape
• To pass a sterile field you face back to back w/
  hands up if they are sterile

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Clean Up

• After procedure completed
• Use gloves and clean re-usable items
• Discard disposable items
• Needles/ Sharps in container
• Bloody item in bio- hazard bag
• Sterile Conscience- awareness of sterile
  technique and responsibility of telling someone
  if the field has been contaminated

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Skin Preparation

• Procedures involving puncture or incision of skin
• WHY is a skin prep done in these cases?
• Includes
• Hair removal in area
• Antiseptic solution, Betadine, etc.
• Surround area w/ sterile drapes