National News

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National News
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U.K. Patient Doses
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NRPB, April 2002

• 41.5 million UK x-rays exams per year
• 0.7 per person
• average 330 µSv/person - similar to early 1990s
• CT has more than doubled in last 10 y
• CT 4 examinations, but 40 of dose
• contribution to dose from conventional
  radiographic and fluoroscopic examinations has
  nearly halved to about 44.

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UK Medical Exposures

• Most Frequent
• Teeth - intraoral
• 9,739,586 examinations
• 23. 5 of examinations
• 49 manSv
• 0.25 of dose.

• Most Collective Dose
• CT abdomen
• 297,244 examinations
• 0.7 of examinations
• 3000 manSv
• 15.4 of dose.

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Conventional Radiography (not dental)

• Most Frequent
• Chest
• 8,286,520 examinations
• 20 of examinations
• 166 manSv
• 0.9 of dose.

• Most Collective Dose
• Colon
• 359,436 examinations
• 0.9 of examinations
• 2,588 manSv
• 13.4 of dose.

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Angiography

• Most Frequent
• Angiocardiology
• 162,871 examinations
• 0.4 of examinations
• 1076 manSv
• 5.58 of dose.

• Most Collective Dose
• Angiocardiology
• 162,871 examinations
• 0.4 of examinations
• 1076 manSv
• 5.58 of dose.

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CT

• Most Frequent
• Head
• 618,391 examinations
• 1.5 of examinations
• 1237 manSv
• 6.4 of dose.

• Most Collective Dose
• CT abdomen
• 297,244 examinations
• 0.7 of examinations
• 3000 manSv
• 15.4 of dose.

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Interventional Radiology

• Most Frequent
• Cardiovascular
• 121,810 examinations
• 0.3 of examinations
• 904 manSv
• 4.7 of dose.

• Most Collective Dose
• Cardiovascular
• 121,810 examinations
• 0.3 of examinations
• 904 manSv
• 4.7 of dose.

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IRMER Training
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Courses

• Part 1 of FRCR now IRMER
• Bone densitometry operators
• Mini C-arm practitioners operators
• RCP/BIR plan SpR for Cardiologists (2003?)
• Local cardiology initiative.

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Film Badges
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HSE Nov. 01

• There has been a number of reported cases where
  employees have failed to take good care of their
  dosemeters. Many of these cases involve employees
  in the Health Services, some of whom have been
  senior clinicians.

Non-Classified employees who have been provided
with a dosemeter by their employer to ensure
compliance with reg 18(2)(b)(ii) of the IRR99
have a duty to look after that dosemeter and
return it for processing as required. Provided
the employer has informed the employees of that
duty and is exercising the appropriate level of
supervision, employees who persistently fail to
wear, look after or return their dosemeters
promptly are liable to enforcement action by
inspectors up to and including prosecution under
Section 7 of the HSW Act 1974. Employers may find
statement of this fact useful when dealing with
'errant' staff.
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Guidance Notes
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Medical and Dental Guidance Notes A good
practice guide on all aspects of ionising
radiation protection in the clinical environment
an essential reference book for all those
working with ionising radiation in medical or
dental practice, including medical and dental
staff, radiographers, scientific and technical
staff, and their employers.

• 221 pages, 20 (discount for bulk purchase!)
• Buy from http//www.ipem.org.uk/publications/pubs-
  list2.htmprotection
• View at http//www.ipem.org.uk/publications/
  IRR99.html

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Medical and Dental Guidance Notes A good
practice guide on all aspects of ionising
radiation protection in the clinical environment

• 1. General measures for radiation protection
• 2. Radiation protection of persons undergoing
  medical exposures
• 3. Diagnostic interventional radiology
• 4. Diagnostic equipment
• 5 -19. Dental, radiotherapy, nuclear medicine,
  pathology
• ( Appendices 1 - 21)

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Digital Radiography
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• Supplier should give recommended receptor doses
  to give diagnostic images with ALARA patient
  doses
• Check on acceptance continuing QA
• DR x-ray energy different to film? AECs must be
  programmed accordingly
• Level of dose to be indicated (e.g. sensitivity
  index)
• Once CR and DDR are in use, the constancy of
  applied exposure factors can be monitored on a
  regular basis when checked in accordance with new
  IPEM guidelines.

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www.hullrad.org.uk
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www.hullrad.org.uk
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fin