2004 Annual Faculty Development Seminar Appointment, Promotion and Tenure In the Professorial Ranks

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2004 AnnualFaculty Development
SeminarAppointment, Promotion and TenureIn the
Professorial Ranks
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• Part I
• Rank Tenure considered in the national context
• Part II
• Appointment, Promotion Tenure at NYUSoM

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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Timeline of Tenure
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Tenure Defined

• AAUP Tenure is a means to certain ends
  specifically (1) freedom of teaching and research
  and of extramural activities and (2) a
  sufficient degree of economic security to make
  the profession of teaching attractive to men and
  women of ability.
• NYUFH Academic tenure is a means to certain
  ends, specifically (1) freedom of teaching and
  research and (2) a sufficient degree of
  economic security to make the profession of
  teaching attractive to men and women of ability.

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Social Engineering ADEA

• Tenure concepts were developed when the
  expectation and the rule was retirement at 65
• Age Discrimination in Employment Amendmentsof
  1986 , 1992

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AAMC data on age distribution of faculty in US
medical schools 1980-2002
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National Context

• Decline in reimbursements to the clinical side
  of academic medical centers
• BBA of 97
• Managed care

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National Context

• Dramatic rise in the number of faculty,
  especially clinical faculty
• Movement to non-tenure tracks

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Jones and Gold Academic Medicine (2001) 76
993-1004
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Liu and Mallon Academic Medicine 2004 79 205-213
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Liu and Mallon Academic Medicine 2004 79 205-213
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Financial Guarantee of Tenure 97
Nb 102Nc94
Jones and Gold, Acad Med 1998
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What is that Guarantee?
Nb 102Nc94
Jones and Gold, Acad Med 1998
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• Part I
• Tenure considered in the national context
• Part II
• Appointment, Promotion Tenure at NYUSoM

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Primary Themes

• Investigator / Educator Track, a full-time tenure
  track for those faculty members in any department
  whose primary career is in independent,
  investigator-initiated research and who devote
  some time to education and service.
• Investigator Clinician / Educator Track, a
  full-time tenure trackfor those faculty in the
  clinical departments whose primary career
  combines independent research with clinical
  activities and who devote some time to education
  and service.

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What does it take?

• Advance the field
• Peer recognition
• If you havent done it all, you have to be really
  outstanding in part of it

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Alternate Pathway

• Teaching
• Excellence in the classroom
• Invention of new approaches
• Peer recognition for pedagogical activities

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Primary Themes

• Clinician Investigator / Educator Track, a
  full-time non-tenure track for those faculty
  members in clinical departments whose primary
  career is in the provision of clinical care and
  who devote a substantial portion of their efforts
  to teaching, research, and service.
• Research / Educator Track, a full-time non-tenure
  track for those faculty members in any department
  whose primary career is in research, but who
  devote a portion of their efforts to education
  and service.

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Alternate Pathway

• Teaching
• Excellence in the classroom
• Invention of new approaches
• Peer recognition for pedagogical activities

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Primary Themes

• Clinical Track, a part-time non-tenure track for
  those faculty members in clinical departments
  whose primary career is in the provision of
  clinical care and who devote some time to
  teaching, research and/or service.
• Research Track, a part-time non-tenure track for
  those faculty involved in part-time or
  time-limited research in other's laboratories and
  who devote limited time to teaching and service.

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A Snapshot of Promotion Tenure Decisions
1989-2002

• Grants (regardless of whether PI PI data were
  missing especially in early years)
• NIH Grants (regardless of whether PI, as
  immediately above)
• Amount of grants (generally total during
  career)
• Peer reviewed publications
• 1st or last-author publications
• Non-peer reviewed publications
• Book chapters
• Abstracts
• Presentations

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Summary 1989-2002

• 151 candidates
• 120 granted tenure, a rate of 79.5
• 36/40 or 90 of candidates from basic sciences
• 111/151 or 73.5 of candidates from clinical
  sciences

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Summary 2002-2004

• 52 candidates
• 38 granted tenure, a rate of 76
• 18/22 or 82 of candidates from basic sciences
• 20/30 or 67 of candidates from clinical sciences

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Characteristics of 50 Candidates
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Comparison Among Eras
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Changes in Rank Status
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The Oath
To hold him who has taught me this art as equal
to my parents and to live my life in partnership
with him, and if he is in need of money to give
him a share of mine, and to regard his offspring
as equal to my brothers in male lineage and to
teach them this art - if they desire to learn it
- without fee and covenant to give a share of
precepts and oral instruction and all the other
learning to my sons and to the sons of him who
has instructed me and to pupils who have signed
the covenant and have taken an oath according to
the medical law, but no one else.
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To hold him who has taught me this art faculty
mentor as equal to my parents and to live my
life in partnership with him, and if he is in
need of money to give him a share of mine, and to
regard his offspring as equal to my brothers in
male lineage and to teach them this art - if they
desire to learn it - without fee and covenant to
give a share of precepts and oral instruction and
all the other learning to my sons and to the sons
of him who has instructed me and to pupils who
have signed the covenant and have taken an oath
according to the medical law, but no one else.
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To hold him who has taught me this art faculty
mentor as equal to my parents and to live my
life in partnership with him, and if he is in
need of money to give him a share of mine
socialist origin of the depressed salaries of
faculty, and to regard his offspring as equal to
my brothers in male lineage and to teach them
this art - if they desire to learn it - without
fee and covenant to give a share of precepts and
oral instruction and all the other learning to my
sons and to the sons of him who has instructed me
and to pupils who have signed the covenant and
have taken an oath according to the medical law,
but no one else.
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To hold him who has taught me this art faculty
mentor as equal to my parents and to live my
life in partnership with him, and if he is in
need of money to give him a share of mine
socialist origin of the depressed salaries of
tenure, and to regard his offspring as equal to
my brothers in male lineage origin of gender
discrimination and to teach this artto my sons
and to the sons of him who has instructed me and
to pupils who have signed the covenant and have
taken an oath according to the medical law, but
no one else.
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To hold him who has taught me this art faculty
mentor as equal to my parents and to live my
life in partnership with him, and if he is in
need of money to give him a share of mine
socialist origin of the depressed salaries of
tenure, and to regard his offspring as equal to
my brothers in male lineage origin of gender
discrimination and to teach this artto my sons
and to the sons of him who has instructed me and
to pupils who have signed the covenant and have
taken an oath according to the medical law, but
no one else origin of both the Guild and the
Guilt of our separation from the proles
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Process

• 7 year probationary period
• Tenured faculty can be dismissed only for cause
  or certain conditions
• CAUSE incompetent or inefficient service
  neglect of duty repeated and willful disregard
  of the rules of academic freedomphysical or
  mental incapacity or any other conduct of a
  character seriously prejudicial to his or her
  teaching or research or to the welfare of the
  University
• CONDITIONS retirement, orbecause of financial
  exigencies, or because of the discontinuance of a
  considerable part of the University, such as a
  college, school, or division or a department in a
  college, school, or division
• Dismissal adjudication is in the hands of the
  faculty, not the administration

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Promotion Tenure

• Since excellence in research and scholarship is a
  requirement for all tenured academic
  appointments, evidence of such high quality
  research or other scholarship is necessary for
  advancement. Evidence of scholarly achievements
  must include publication of major peer-reviewed
  papers. Books and/or chapters that integrate,
  synthesize, summarize and extend the existing
  literature are also considered evidence of
  scholarly productivity. Certain other types of
  activities are generally recognized as
  demonstrative of an individual's stature in
  research or scholarship. Many of these activities
  are manifestations of peer recognition and may
  include invitations to lecture on the national
  and international level invitations to
  contribute to major scientific meetings and
  publications membership on editorial boards of
  prominent journals membership on scientific and
  professional advisory committees at national
  and/or international levels membership on
  research peer review committees the receipt of
  honors for scientific or scholarly achievements
  election or selection to membership and/or
  leadership positions in professional
  organizations funding from national
  peer-reviewed funding agencies (such as the
  National Institutes of Health, the National
  Science Foundation and similar agencies in the
  government and the private sectors) and the
  attraction and training of productive graduate
  students and postdoctoral fellows.

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Promotion Tenure

• In addition to research and scholarly activities,
  all tenure track faculty members are required to
  participate and demonstrate a high level of
  effectiveness in teaching.
• In addition to major efforts in research and
  teaching, tenure track faculty members are also
  expected to contribute to the School of Medicine
  in a service capacity. They can fulfill this
  obligation by participating in committee work,
  internal governance and/or community service.

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Basic Sciences
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Clinical Sciences
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Promotion

• Promotion to the level of Associate Professor in
  the full-time, non-tenure tracks must be
  considered within the first ten years as a member
  of the full-time faculty at New York University
  in the rank and/or ranks of Assistant Professor
  and Associate Professor. Promotion on either of
  these tracks will require documentation of (1)
  excellence in teaching, research, and/or patient
  care (2) evidence of peer recognition and (3)
  contributions of service to the school.

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Promotion

• Clinical Track Faculty members in this track
  will fulfill a variety of teaching, clinical and
  service responsibilities in the institution
  according to the needs of the departments and
  divisionsand will be expected to demonstrate
  excellence in patient care and teaching, and,
  when appropriate, to contribute to the service
  activities of the School of Medicine.
• Research Track for faculty assigned to either
  time-limited, essentially full-time research
  programs or part-time research activities with
  limited expectations for teaching or service. In
  general, faculty members in these titles will be
  dependent upon the grants of others and will be
  expected to maintain a high level of proficiency
  and participation in the research program and,
  when appropriate, may contribute to the
  educational and service activities of the School
  of Medicine.

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References

• White L. Academic Tenure Its historical and
  legal meanings in the United States and its
  relationship to the Compensation of medical
  school faculty members. 2000 St. Louis U Law J
  4451.
• Williams J. The Other Politics of Tenure.College
  Literature, 09/22/1999.