New Methodologies for Disease Biomarker Detection

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New Methodologies for Disease Biomarker Detection
Presenter Jun Yi (OU)
Laser-Based Sensors

• Analytical methods such as gas chromatography/
  mass spectrometry (GS/MS) have limitations when
  measuring small molecule biomarkers.
• Optical methods using lasers and electronics
  have numerous advantages
• Oklahoma has a team that can develop
  these new methods.
• Co-PIs George Richter-Addo, OU Chemistry and
  Biochemistry, and Patrick McCann, OU Electrical
  and Computer Engineering
• Highly collaborative team already includes
  investigators at OU, OSU, TU, OUHSC, and OMRF
• Additional investigators are welcome to join.

• Fast
• Real-time results
• Accurate
• Self calibrating
• Selective
• Isotopic labeling
• Sensitive
• Sub-ppb detection
• Inexpensive
• No costly consumables
• Patient-Friendly
• Non-invasive
• User-Friendly
• Tests performed by non-specialists

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New Methodologies for Disease Biomarker Detection
Materials and Electronics for Life Science
Research
Team OU/OSU/TU/OUSHC/OMRF/
Technology
External Advisory Board
Bob Curl (Rice1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry),
Katrina Miranda (Univ. of ArizonaBiochemistry),
Andrew Allerman (SandiaOptoelectronic
Materials), Terrence Risby (Johns
HopkinsBiology), Juan Rodriquez (LSUBiology)
Experts in Physics, Electronics, Chemistry, and
Biology (some candidates are identified below)
Biological Mechanisms
Collaborative Research Theme Physics
Electrical Engr. gt Chemistry gt Clinical Research
OU ECE (Kane, McCann, Shi, Yang, Yeary, et
al.) OU Physics (Santos, et al.)
OU Chemistry (Richter-Addo, et al.) TU
Chemistry (Potter, et al.)
Inflammation Oxidative Stress Cell
Signaling Metabolic Pathways Cancer Growth Organ
Function
Optoelectronics (Materials and Devices) Digital
Signal Processing
In Vitro Measurements Biochemical Mechanisms
OMRF (Kurosawa, Towner et al.) OSU (Krehbiel,
Step, et al.) OUHSC (Fields, Zou, et al.)
In Vivo Measurements Clinical Research
Industry (Ekips, NanoLight, Nomadics, Amethyst,
et al.)
System Integration (Instrument Development) Compon
ent Production (Emitters, Detectors)
Diseases
Asthma Diabetes Cancer Heart Disease Infectious
Disease
STEM Disciplines
Education Outreach
Nanotechnology Quantum Mechanics Optical
Engineering Solid State Electronics Computer
Engineering
Health care applications will attract more women
to STEM disciplines.
Early EPSCoR Task Invite experts in the relevant
fields to a workshop in Oklahoma City to
encourage network formation and help announce the
emergence of this research effort.
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Example Selective Detection of 15NO

• NO is a biological metabolite
• It binds to heme proteins, and can be released
  from them

This measurement cannot be easily done with GC/MS
15NO Release Detected with a Mid-IR Laser
Note Rapid Response
14NO
J. Yi, K. Namjou, Z. N. Zahran, P. J. McCann, G.
B. Richter-Addo, Speci?c detection of gaseous NO
and 15NO in the headspace from liquid-phase
reactions involving NO-generating organic,
inorganic, and biochemical samples using a
mid-infrared laser, Nitric Oxide Biology and
Chemistry 15, 154 (2006).
Mb15NO
Broad Impacts

• NO release involved in many diseases
• Asthma, Diabetes, Heart Disease, Immune System
  Response, Neurodegenerative Diseases, etc.
• Isotopic labeling studies can help uncover
  specific metabolic pathways
• Knowledge of metabolic pathways will help in the
  discovery of new therapies.

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Science Education Outreach with Specially
Configured Teaching Spectrometers
Washington Elementary School April 17, 2006
Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History
Nov. 3, 2006
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Biomarkers in Breath

• Breath Analysis
• Fast
• Accurate
• Inexpensive
• Non-Invasive

Mid-IR Absorption Bands