Open Access: a librarians perspective

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Open Access a librarians perspective CILIP
Health Libraries Group Conference Eastbourne
10-12 July 2006 Steve Glover Medical
Librarian Christie Hospital, Manchester
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Background

• Open access is making a noticeable impact on
  access to information.
• In 2005 many major research funders including The
  Wellcome Trust, National Institutes for Health
  (NIH), and the Research Councils UK (RCUK) set
  out their position in a number of statements.
• Of particular note was the stipulation that
  authors receiving grants must deposit their final
  manuscript in an open access forum within 6-12
  months of publication.

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Source PubMed 5 July 2006
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What is Open Access?

• Full text content, freely available, without the
  need for a password
• A model for publishing where someone pays an
  article processing charge that allows readers to
  access the article without the need for a
  subscription

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What is OA for the Librarian?

• A threat?
• A godsend?
• A headache?
• An opportunity?
• A saving?

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What is OA to the user?
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What is OA to the user?
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What is OA to the user

• Generally they dont care
• Google is free
• PubMed is free

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What is OA to the user

• Generally they dont care
• Google is free
• PubMed is free
• Unless you are an author
• Unless your research is funded by NIH, Wellcome,
  etc

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Why OA? (funders)

• Research carried out with public money ..NIH,
  DoH, NHS, HEFCE, RCUK
• 2003 NLM estimated NIH funded publications
  accounted for 10 articles indexed in Medline
• The Wellcome example

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National Institutes for Health (NIH)

• On 3 February 2005, the NIH released the final
  version of their public access policy - Policy on
  Enhancing Public Access to Archived Publications
  Resulting from NIH-Funded Research
• Effective date May 2005
• This proposed policy called for authors to
  deposit a copy of their final manuscript, upon
  acceptance for publication, in the National
  Library of Medicines (NLM) PubMed Central (PMC)
  archive within 6 months of publication

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Wellcome Trust Policy on OA

• From 1 October 2005, the Wellcome Trust states,
  all papers from new research projects must be
  deposited in PubMed Central or UK PubMed Central
  once it has been formed within 6 months of
  publication.
• that from 1 October 2006, all future papers from
  existing grant holders must be deposited into
  PubMed Central or UK PubMed Central.

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OA How?

• Free medical journals e.g. CMAJ
• PLoS BMC Open Access publishers
• OUP, Blackwell, Springer Open access options
• Institutional repositories
• Delayed access (HighWire Press)

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A Choice

• Blackwell Online Open
• OUP Oxford Open
• Springer Choice
• Authors/Institutes can choose to pay the article
  processing charge and the articles available
  immediately upon publication
• Research published with Wellcome funds in these
  vehicles can have the OA charges met by the
  Wellcome Trust
• Wellcome estimate that this may represented no
  more than 1 of their annual spend

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Take up of OA at Blackwell
Source Paul Calow, Blackwell Publishing June 2006
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Take up of OA at OUP
Source Martin Richardson, OUP June 2006
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Delayed Access

• Large number of journals giving access to
  archives after a specified period
• HighWire Press (220 titles)
• Blackwell Synergy (43 titles)
• Free medical jouranls.com
• Access delays vary from 6 24 months

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Impact of OA in Medline articles published since
January 2000

• Subject All articles OA OA
• Malaria 12298 2804 22.8
• Diabetes 84713 18413 21.7
• Heart Disease 152051 30334 19.9
• Stroke 44441 8814 19.8
• Cancer 470923 74299 15.8
• Paediatrics 270683 40064 14.8
• Nursing 84585 3453 4.1

Searches in PubMed 6 July 2006
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Impact of OA in Medline articles published since
January 2000

• Society All articles OA OA
• ASM 46885 44612 95.2
• AHA 21474 17796 82.3
• Cell Press 16499 13510 81.9
• BMJPG 38030 30670 80.6
• AACR 17062 13394 78.5
• BJU Int 3575 2892 80.9

Searches in PubMed 6 July 2006
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Sources of OA journals/Articles

• HighWire Press
• BMC PLoS
• Freemedicaljournals.com
• Directory of Open Access Journals
• NHS Dialog Databases
• PubMed Central
• PubMed - free full textsb

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Major Funding Agencies promoting OA

• National Institutes for Health (NIH)
• Wellcome Trust
• Research Councils UK (RCUK)
• British Heart Foundation
• Medical Research Council
• Howard Hughes Medical Institute

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Issues with OA Publishing

• Article processing charges waivers
• Non funded research
• Economics for publishers
• Biomed Central JISC NHS
• Author apathy
• Prestige Factor

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OA and Health Librarians perspective (summary)

• More access for our users linking from NHS Dialog
  PubMed
• Fall in Document Delivery requests
• Google effect
• Maintain the profile of the library
• Need to keep up-to-date with OA developments
• Organising OA resources

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Thank You

• References to information from this presentation
  will be available from
• Glover SW, Gleghorn C, Webb A
• Open access publishing in the biomedical
  sciences Could funding agencies accelerate the
  inevitable changes?
• Health Information Libraries Journal 2006 (in
  press)