Cervical Spine Injuries

1
Cervical Spine Injuries
2
Cervical Spine Stenosis

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Narrowing of spinal canal
• Assessment
• Diagnostic Tests
• X-rays
• MRI
• CAT scan
• Treatment
• Non-surgical
• Surgical

3
Cervical Fractures

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Mechanism
• Hyperextension
• Children gtadults

4
Cervical Fractures
Anterior arch

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Jefferson
• Mechanism
• Compressive Force
• Burst Fracture

Posterior arch
Anterior arch
5
Cervical Fractures

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Jefferson
• Hangmans fracture
• Mechanism
• Hyperextension/compression force
• Fracture to C2
• Pedicle C2 with anterior slippage of C2/C3

6
Cervical Fractures

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Jefferson
• Hangmans fracture
• Burst
• AKA Compression Fx
• Mechanism
• Flexion
• Vertebral body
• Neurology

7
Cervical Fractures

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Jefferson
• Hangmans fracture
• Burst
• Clay-Shovelers
• Spinous process of C6 or C7
• Mechanism
• Result of rotations of trunk relative to neck

8
Cervical Fractures

• Types of Fractures
• Atlanto-axial
• Jefferson
• Hangmans fracture
• Burst
• Clay-Shovelers
• Tear Drop
• Violent extension force

9
Cervical Fractures

• Assessment
• History/Mechanism
• Inspection
• Palpation
• Functional Test
• Neurological Exam

10
Cervical Dislocations

• Mechanism
• Inspection
• Palpation
• Functional Tests
• Neurological Tests
• Complications

11
Cervical Cord Injury

• Mechanism
• Four Ways
• Laceration
• Hemorrhage
• Contusion
• Spinal Cord Shock
• S/S
• Complete
• Incomplete
• Central Cord Syndrome
• Brown-Sequard Syndrome
• Anterior Cord Syndrome
• Posterior

12
Cervical Cord Injury

• Mechanism
• Four Ways
• Laceration
• Hemorrhage
• Contusion
• Spinal Cord Shock
• S/S
• Complete
• Incomplete
• Central Cord Syndrome
• Brown-Sequard Syndrome
• Anterior Cord Syndrome
• Posterior Cord Syndrome

13
Cervical Cord Injury

• Mechanism
• Four Ways
• Laceration
• Hemorrhage
• Contusion
• Spinal Cord Shock
• S/S
• Complete
• Incomplete
• Central Cord Syndrome
• Brown-Sequard Syndrome
• Anterior Cord Syndrome
• Posterior Cord Syndrome
• Assessment

14
Cervical Cord Neuropraxia

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Signs and Symptoms

15
Intervertebral Disk Herniation

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Signs and Symptoms
• Management

16
Cervical Root Compression

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Signs and Symptoms
• Management

17
Acute Torticollis

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Signs and Symptoms
• Management

18
Acute Cervical Strains

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Signs/Symptoms
• Management

19
Cervical Sprain

• Mechanism
• Signs and Symptoms

20
Brachial Plexus Neuropraxia

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Grade 1 Neuropraxia
• Grade 2 Axonotmesis
• Grade 3 -- Neurotmesis
• Assessment
• Management

21
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

• Mechanism/Etiology
• Assessment
• Management

22
Larynx Contusion

• Mechanism
• Signs and Symptoms