Bleeding and Shock

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Bleeding and Shock
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• Hemorrhage
• Parts of the circulatory system
• How does it work?
• What happens if the system gets a hole in it?

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Blood Parts

• Plasma- liquid part of blood, contains nutrients
  essential for growth, energy carries waste for
  elimination for cell maintenance.
• Solid
• Platelets-
• Red blood cells- transport oxygen to cells and
  carbon dioxide to lungs.
• White blood cells- disease fighting
• Defend body

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Clotting

• Process where blood thickens at a wound site
• Platelets are essential
• Clots form the matrix of the healing process

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Bloods Functions

• Transport oxygen, nutrients and waste
• Protect against disease

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Arterial Bleeding

• Very dangerous
• Large amount of loss quickly
• Does not clot well
• If large artery has been cut, they may bleed to
  death

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Venous Bleeding

• Easier to control than arterial
• May be hard to control than capillary
• Carry waste products

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Capillary Bleeding

• Blood is oozing
• Usually not serious
• Will clot
• Pick up waste product from cells move it to
  veins

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Specific Care External Bleeding

• 1. Protect yourself
• 2. Apply direct pressure
• 3. Elevate the wound
• 4. DO NOT remove blood-soaked dressings
• 5. If bleeding continues use a pressure bandage
  to free yourself to care for others
• 6. Apply pressure at a pressure point (brachial
  and femoral arteries)
• 7. Monitor victim until help arrives

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Internal Bleeding- bleeding in a body cavity

• Causes violent blow (blunt force)
• knife or bullet penetrates skin and damages
  internal organs.
• from a fracture that ruptures an organ

• Can be life-threatening
• Difficult to detect
• Occurs from
• Injuries that do not break the skin

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Signs Symptoms

• Discoloration bruising
• Painful, tender, rigid, abdomen
• nausea and vomiting
• coughing up blood
• Stools that are black or contain bright red blood

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General Care

• Minor bleeding
• apply ice
• Serious bleeding
• Call 911 immediately
• Do no harm
• Monitor breathing and consciousness
• Help victim rest comfortably recovery position
• Provide any specific care thats needed

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General Care continued

• Expect vomiting, side lying position
• Seek immediate medical attention

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SHOCK

• life threatening condition where the circulatory
  system fails to circulate oxygen rich blood to
  all parts of the body

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Types of Shock

• Anaphylactic
• Cardiogenic failure of the heart to effectively
  circulate blood to all body parts occurs with
  heart attacks
• Hemorrhagic - severe bleeding or loss of blood
  plasma occurs when internal and external wounds,
  burns, severe fluid loss
• Look the rest of them up (5)

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Sx of Shock

• Restlessness and irritability
• Pale, ashen, blue
• Cool and moist
• Altered mental state
• Rapid breathing
• Rapid and weak pulse

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Care for Shock

• Call EMS
• Check for signs of life threatening emergencies
  if found give care
• Check for non threatening injuries
• Monitor ABCs
• Make victim comfortable
• Keep from getting chilled or overheated
• Reassure victim
• Lay victim down

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If the face is red, Raise the head, if the face
is pale, raise the tail.

• Nothing to eat or drink
• Provide any specific care
• Control any external bleeding