BIO 1181

1
BIO 1181 CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS FALL 2007
2
BIO 1181 Cell Biology Genetics Dr. John Friede
Mendel 143 9-4833
Office Hours By appointment
3
Texts Microbiology by Nester, Anderson,
Roberts, Pearsall Nester (5rd edition)
Medical Genetics by Jorde, Carey, Bamshad
White (2006 edition) KEEP YOUR
TEXTS Exams Five points for each
given on syllabus Absence during an
exam Academic Integrity Do your own work!
4
MICROBIOLOGY - the study of little
things VIROLOGY - viruses BACTERIOLOGY -
bacteria MYCOLOGY - fungi and
yeast PROTOZOOLOGY - protozoa PARASITOLOGY -
parasites IMMUNOLOGY - defense with a memory
5
MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS Development of the
microscope Hooke van Leeuwenhoek Dispelling
of spontaneous generation Redi
Pasteur Adoption of aseptic technique Vaccinati
on Koch Jenner Discovery of sulfa drugs
penicillin Genetic Engineering Clean
vaccines - egg allergies New antibiotics
6
Microbes Humans Bad guys get the
press Beneficial relationship Normal flora
(butthey may be opportunists!) Recycle
elements Sewage treatment Bioremediation Ins
ect control (B. thuringensis) Food
production Pharmaceuticals enzymes
(streptokinase) digestion aids antibioti
cs
7
CLASSIFICATION - 5 Kingdoms (Whittaker,
1969) Prokaryotae or Monera Protista Fungi P
lantae Animaliae CLASSIFICATION - 3
Kingdoms (Woese, 1978) Eubacteria -
true bacteria Archaebacteria - ancient
bacteria Eukaryotes - protists, fungi, plants,
animals
8
NOMENCLATURE Binomial nomenclature Genus and
species e.g. Homo sapiens Classification
Heirarchy Kingdom Phylum
Class Order
Family Genus
Species
9
BASICS OF CLASSIFICATION Morphological
Characteristics Staining
Properties (Gram acid fast) Biochemical
Characteristics Serological Properties
(ELISA) Genetic Characteristics (PCR
fingerprinting DNA) Proteins (Western blot
electrophoresis)
10
Gram stain 1. primary stain crystal violet 2.
iodine 3. decolorizer alcohol 4. counterstain
safranin Gram-positive retain the primary
stain purple Gram-negative lose primary
stain - pink