Transport of ozone and reactive nitrogen during INTEX-B

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Transport of ozone and reactive nitrogen during
INTEX-B
Photo from Environment Canada
Thomas W. Walker M. Sc. thesis defence August 30,
2007
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Trans-Pacific transport of ozone and reactive
nitrogen
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NOx Catalyzes Ozone Production

• Ozone production efficiency increases with
  decreasing NOx
• PN's (PAN, MPAN, PPN, etc...) remove NOx from
  source regions and redistribute it to remote
  regions

RC(O)OO NO2
RC(O)OONO2
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Data Sources and Locations
DC-8 (red) 10 flights C-130 (blue) 12
flights Cessna (green) 33 flights IONS
(magenta) 55 sondes
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Ozone Intercomparison
Cessna in red, C-130 in blue Mean bias of 2.0 ppbv
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Global CTM description
GEOS-Chem version 7-04-10 GEOS-4 meteorological
fields 4ox5o, 30 vertical levels NOx-Ox-hydrocarbo
n chemistry Modifications to emissions
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Development of East Asian NOx emissions inventory
6.9 Tg yr-1
10.7 Tg yr-1
10.9 Tg yr-1
1.6 Tg yr-1
2.2 Tg yr-1
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Evaluation of East Asian anthropogenic NOx
emissions
vs OMI 14.3 model bias vs SCIAMACHY 12.9
model bias r2 gt 0.8 against both instruments
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Campaign average vertical profiles O3
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Campaign average vertical profiles NOy
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Sonde vertical profiles O3
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Tropospheric O3 columns
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Sources of Ox production over the Pacific
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Identifying transport pathways
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Ozone flux into western Canada
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Conclusions

• Remote sensing of trace gases constrain and
  evaluate emissions
• Aircraft observations impacted by
• Asian anthropogenic emissions (LT)?
• Lightning emissions (UT)?
• Gross ozone production in E. Pacific depends on
  PN transport
• 35 of E. Pacific PN's originate in Asia
• gt27 of Ox production due to Asian PN's
• Events observed by aircraft
• Elevated O3 (gt95 ppbv), CO (gt150 ppbv), and PAN
  (gt 500 ppbv)?
• Contributions from Asian emissions are high
• Flow directed northeastward, gt19 from Asia

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Future Directions

• Continued evaluation of INTEX-B in situ data
• Search for events indicative of transport to the
  Arctic
• Apply inverse model to constrain sensitivities to
  Asian source
• Evaluation of transport pathways using in situ
  and remote sensing data from ARCTAS

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Special thanks to Randall Martin Dal's
Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group INTEX-B
colleagues Lauren Hughes Valerie Gapp
This work was supported by the Special Research
Opportunity Program of the Natural Science and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada.
Thomas Walker was supported by an NSERC Canadian
Graduate Scholarship. The DC-8 and C-130
measurements were supported by NASA and NSF.
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References

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Extra Slides
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initiation O3 hv --gt O2 O(1D)? O(1D)
M --gt O M H2O O(1D) --gt 2OH propagation RH
OH O2--gt RO2 H2O 1 RO2 NO --gt RO
NO2 2 RO O2 --gt R'CHO HO2 3 HO2
NO --gt OH NO2 4 NO2 h? O2--gt NO
O3 termination HO2 HO2 --gt H2O2
O2 5 NO2 OH M--gt HNO3 M 6
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SCIAMACHY

• ENVISAT, launched March 2002
• 1000 local overpass time
• Global coverage in 6 days
• 30km along track X 60km across track
• /- (5x1014 molec cm-2 30) NO2 retrieval
  uncertainty

OMI

• AURA, launched July 2004
• 1345 local overpass time
• Daily global coverage
• 13km X 24km at best
• NO2 columns biased 15-30 low vs column
  measurements, 20-50 low inferred from ground
  measurements, and 40 lower than SCIAMACHY over
  industrial regions

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Comparison of simulated and observed tropospheric
NO2 columns