Report From International Committee on Future Accelerators (ICFA)

1
Report From International Committee on Future
Accelerators (ICFA)

• By Jonathan Dorfan, Chair ICFA
• Global Design Effort Meeting Frascati, December
  7-9, 2005

2
The Role of ICFA

• Charter and Aegis
• ICFA was created to facilitate international
  collaboration in the construction and use of
  accelerators for high energy physics. It was
  created in 1976 by IUPAP
• Its purpose, as stated in 1985, are as follows
• To promote international collaboration in all
  phases of the construction and exploitation of
  very high energy accelerators
• To organize regularly world-inclusive meetings
  for the exchange of information on future plans
  for regional facilities and for the formulation
  of advice on joint studies and uses
• To organize workshops for the study of problems
  related to super high-energy accelerator
  complexes and their international exploitation
  and to foster research and development of
  necessary technology

3
ICFA MEMBERSHIP July 2005

• Canada D. Karlen
• CERN Member States T. Akesson
• R. Aymar
• A. Wagner
• China H. Chen
• Japan S. Komamiya
• Y. Totsuka
• Russia V. Rubakov
• Y. Tikhonov
• USA J. Dorfan (Chair)
• P. Oddone
• S. Dawson
• Other Countries S. Novaes

• Albrecht Wagner will take
• over as the next Chair of ICFA
• in January 2006

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Global Planning and Cooperation ? A Must for HEP

• Never before has a field of science attempted to
  globalize itself as extensively as HEP has done
  recently. It is a challenging task, but one that
  must be accomplished. Indeed the long-term
  health of the field depends critically on truly
  global cooperation
• The necessity for global coordination was
  formalized by ICFA in its May 1993 ICFA Statement
  entitled International Collaboration in the
  Construction of Future Large Accelerator
  Projects.
• ICFAs role was crucial for the ultimate
  realization of a global LHC and is crucial for
  launching the ILC

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ICFA and the Linear Collider

• ICFA has been helping guide international
  cooperation on the Linear Collider since the mid
  1990s. Major early steps
• 1995 First ILC Technical Review Committee
  (TRC) Report,
• with Greg Loew as Chair
• 1999 ICFA Statement on Linear Collider
• 2002 ICFA commissioned the second Report,
• with Greg Loew as Chair
• 2002 ICFA Forms the International Linear
  Collider
• Steering Committee ( ILCSC)
• 2003 ILCSC establishes International
  Technology
• Recommendation Panel (ITRP)
• 2005 ICFA/ILCSC Establishes GDE

THERE HAS BEEN ENORMOUS PROGRESS ON
INTERNATIONALIZING LC IN PAST 3 YEARS
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The International Linear Collider (ILC) is Born

• The ITRP recommendation to base linac design on
  SCRF was presented to ILCSC ICFA on August 19,
  2004 in a joint meeting in Beijing.
• ICFA unanimously endorsed the recommendation on
  August 20, 2004
• Global concept and cooperation endorsed by the
  worlds HEP Lab Directors

• Global project is named International Linear
  Collider (ILC)

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Global Design Effort (GDE) Established March
2005

• February 2005, at TRIUMF, ILCSC and ICFA
  unanimously endorsed the sub-Committees choice
  for GDE Director
• On March 18, 2005
• Barry Barish
• officially accepted
• the position at
• the opening of
• LCWS 05 meeting
• at Stanford

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The World of Linear Colliders a Scant Two Years
Ago Four Options
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December 2005 --- Enormous Progress in 2 years
International Community centered on One Option
GDE Baseline Params about to be adopted
The parameters are slightly revised since the
tentative parameter set (Suggested ILC Beam
Parameter Space.) which was distributed in
February 2005 in order to take into account the
following new features from the Snowmass
Workshop.The nominal accelerating gradient should
be 31.5 MV/m for the 500 GeV stage, and 36 MV/m
for the upgrade stage with Q01010 for both
cases.

• .
• min nominal max
• Bunch charge N 1 2 3 2x1010
• Number of bunches nb 1330 2820 5640
• Linac bunch interval tb 154 308 461 ns
• Bunch length sz 150 300 500 mm
• Vertical emittance gey 0.03 0.04 0.08 mm.m
  rad
• IP beta (500GeV) bx 10 21 21 mm
• by 0.2 0.4 0.4 mm
• IP beta (1TeV) bx 10 30 30 mm
• by 0.2 0.3 0.6 mm

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WWS Working in Close Coordination with GDE
GLD
LDC
SiD
LDC
GLD

• SiD Silicon Detector SiD BR2
• Small, all silicon
• LDC Large Detector Concept LDC B R2
• TPC based
• GLD Global Large Detector GLD B R2

Main Tracker EM Calorimeter Had
Calorimeter Cryostat / Solenoid Iron Yoke / Muon
System
3 detector concepts under study with full
international involvement and active cooperation
with ILCSC/GDE
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• The GDE Plan and Schedule

2005 2006 2007 2008
2009 2010
Global Design Effort
Project
LHC Physics
Baseline configuration
Reference Design
Technical Design
ILC RD Program
Expression of Interest to Host
International Mgmt
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GDE -- WE MUST SUCCEED

• The GDE is off to a terrific start
• We have outstanding leadership and an aggressive
  plan which defines the key milestones
• We have realized an organization that is truly
  internationally constituted representation and
  influence are extremely well balanced across the
  three regions
• But time is passing and we CANNOT fail to meet
  our near term milestones. Having set them, the
  world is watching
• To the GDE Leadership I offer
• You need to pick up the pace of the technical
  workthe accelerator troops are getting anxious
  to see faster progress
• To the Community, especially the leadership, I
  offer
• Provide the leeway and support to the GDE so
  they do not have to balance every action
  regionally. For each important action, we must
  work to our strengths.
• The ILC is a very challenging machine The
  most important imperative now is to produce the
  technically best, most cost-optimized design
  possible. That means utilizing the best talent
  and centers of excellence we have. Every
  decision that the GDE leadership makes cannot be
  expected to balance regional representation
  rather taken as a whole, the GDE process will
  achieve regional balance

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The Role of Governments

• Governments are the key they will make the
  decisions that lead to the establishment of an
  ILC project
• The scientific community, through ICFA, are
  maintaining close contact with the key government
  agencies
• The main forum is the Funding Agencies for Linear
  Collider (FALC), which meets about twice a year.
  Major strategy steps (like ITRP, GDE etc) are
  discussed with FALC to ensure acceptance by the
  governments of ICFAs actions
• FALC has now established a Resource Group to make
  coordination yet more frequent and responsive

14
The Momentum is Picking Up Worldwide

• Serious discussion within governments in all
  three regions is intensifying. Recognition of
  the ILC as a crucial element of international
  science is growing
• This is strongly driven by our communitys
  fervent and demonstrated commitment to make the
  difficult choices needed to ensure a truly
  international project
• Funding for RD worldwide is about 70M. Even in
  these difficult financial times, one sees growth
  in all three regions
• Studies of the future of HEP, ongoing in all
  three regions, are anticipated to endorse even
  more strongly the tri-regional unanimity for the
  rapid realization of the ILC. We anticipate
  these studies to conclude before Summer 2006

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Science MagazineEditorialBullish on Particles
by Michael S. Turner

• Particle physics was, until recently, the
  flagship of U.S. physics, if not U.S. science.
  With ever larger "atom smashers" and such
  charismatic figures as J. Robert Oppenheimer and
  Richard Feynman, the field attracted the best and
  the brightest. These U.S. scientists garnered
  Nobel Prizes and public fame, becoming academic
  leaders and government advisors. The close
  association with national security that grew out
  of the Manhattan Project guaranteed both
  prominence and funding priority. But in 1993, the
  perfect storm hit The 10 billion
  Superconducting Super Collider was canceled, the
  Cold War ended, and life sciences rose to
  prominence. Since then, we've seen flat budgets,
  more canceled projects, and no firm prospects for
  high-energy accelerator experiments on U.S. soil
  after 2009. In today's "flat world" where
  technology has made science around the world
  tightly interconnected, the future of particle
  physics everywhere can be no brighter than it is
  in the United States, and that future looks dark.
  
• Despite this, I am bullish on the future of U.S.
  particle physics, and my reason is simple. Right
  now, the field is poised for breakthroughs as
  stunning as those that followed Einstein's annus
  mirabilis 100 years ago. The focus has shifted
  from searching for the smallest subatomic seed to
  understanding the universe and the nature of
  matter, energy, space, and time. Big questions
  are ripe for answering. What is the "dark matter"
  that holds our galaxy together? Where did space
  and time come from, and how many space-time
  dimensions are there? How did the universe begin,
  and what is the mysterious dark energy
  accelerating its expansion? And perhaps the
  biggest question of all, one whose answer
  probably underlies all the others How are the
  two pillars of modern physics--quantum mechanics
  and general relativity--to be reconciled and a
  unified understanding of the forces of nature
  achieved? Particle physics is on the verge of
  something really big, as if the past 50 glory
  years were just preparation.

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• As exciting as these opportunities are, the
  challenges are great and morale in the U.S.
  particle physics community is low. With its link
  to national security severed, particle physics
  must now compete for funding and students with
  other fields that also have exciting
  agendas--from astrophysics and genomics to
  computer science and biophysics. Telescopes and
  underground laboratories to study dark energy and
  dark matter are now as essential as accelerators,
  making planning more complicated and the cost of
  discovery higher. And all of this in a time of
  constrained budgets for all science.
• As a U.S. scientist, I can't imagine the United
  States not taking part in the grand scientific
  adventure ahead. Moreover, a reality of the flat
  world is that the field's big dreams will go
  unrealized if particle physics can't right itself
  in the United States. Three things are essential
  to correct the situation. If particle physics is
  to be successful in garnering the needed funding
  and attracting the best people, the field must
  lead with a broad scientific agenda, rather than
  defining itself by big atom-smashers as in the
  past. Hosting a 5 billon electron-positron
  linear collider to follow the Large Hadron
  Collider now being built in Geneva would bring
  high-energy physics back to the United States and
  make a strong statement of U.S. commitment to
  this field, but it must be the science, not
  merely the desire to reclaim the energy frontier,
  that dictates whether to push forward with such
  an endeavor. There must also be a commitment to
  diverse approaches. Recent discoveries (dark
  matter, dark energy, and neutrino mass) remind us
  that other tools are just as essential. Finally,
  particle physics must achieve unprecedented (for
  any field) global coordination. Many of the
  critical projects on the path to answering the
  big questions exceed the financial resources of
  any one country or region. A strong national
  presence must be balanced against a strategic
  global program. Not every facility can be located
  here, and a new strategy of U.S. leadership must
  replace the old strategy of U.S. dominance.
• In their zeal to explore the world of the
  unimaginably small, particle physicists have
  repeatedly shown that they can blaze new trails
  and overcome formidable barriers. I am willing to
  bet that particle physicists in the United States
  and around the world will come through again.
  With unprecedented opportunities for
  revolutionary breakthroughs, all of science
  should be pulling for them.
• Michael S. Turner is Rauner Distinguished
  Service Professor at the University of Chicago
  and Assistant Director for Mathematical and
  Physical Sciences at the U.S. National Science
  Foundation.

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ILCSC Next Steps

• ILCSC will continue to coordinate the worldwide
  ILC in accordance with its Charter
• GDE will continue to report to ILCSC until such
  time as the GDE gets organized under a federation
  of worldwide government agencies. At that time
  ICFA will step aside
• A natural time for ICFA/ILCSC to hand off the GDE
  oversight to such a body would be at the end of
  next year when the Reference Design is complete
• You will hear more about ILCSC in the next talk

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Conclusions

• We Live in Extraordinary Times
• At no time in the history of particle physics has
  the scientific landscape presented us with such
  an exciting spectrum of unanswered questions!
  The LHC will make major discoveries that
  challenge that agenda, but to engage the fullness
  of the scientific quest will take a companion TeV
  Linear Collider
• The success of the GDE process is essential we
  must achieve the near term milestones if we
  expect to secure the increased government support
  both for the RD funds to complete the design and
  for building the project
• SO KEEP UP THE MOMENTUMIT IS MY STRONG BELIEF
  THAT WE WILL GET TO BUILD AND COMPLETE THE ILC IN
  THE NEXT DECADE