OHIO University

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• OHIO University
• February 26, 2009

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• All employees covered by the standard must be
  informed of
• Methods of recognizing asbestos and PACM
• Health effects
• Relationship between smoking and asbestos in
  producing lung cancer
• Operations that could result in exposure and
  protective measures and their use, as applicable
• For Class III and IV work, information equivalent
  to the contents of EPA 20T-2003, Managing
  Asbestos In-Place

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Purpose, proper use, fitting instructions, and
  limitations of respirators
• Appropriate work practices for the job
• Medical surveillance program requirements
• Contents of the standard, including appendices
• Requirements concerning signs and labels

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Mineral with fiber shaped crystal matrix
• Three most common types of asbestos are
• Chrysotile
• Amosite
• ?
• Unique characteristics are
• Chemical resistance
• Heat resistance
• ?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Three major health problems associated with
  asbestos are
• Asbestosis
• Lung cancer
• ?
• Primary trades associated with exposure
• Manufacturing
• Insulation
• Marine-related industries

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Two groups of asbestos fiber
• Serpentine and Amphibole
• Serpentine has only one type chrysotile
• Finer fiber, flexible, can be spun and woven
• Amphibole has three major fibers
• Crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite
• Common product categories
• Asbestos cement, gaskets, thermal insulation,
  friction products, acid-resistant materials and
  surfacing materials.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Fiber Release from ACM
• Friable vs. Non-friable
• Examples of friable materials
• Fire proofing
• Acoustical plaster
• Mechanical Insulation
• Examples of non-friable materials
• Transite
• Gaskets
• ?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Federal OSHA OHIO University
• 29 CFR 1926.1101 Construction
• 29 CFR 1910.1001 General Industry
• 29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection
• Federal EPA OHIO University
• National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air
  Pollutants (NESHAP) 40 CFR 61 Part M
• Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response ACT (AHERA)
  40CFR Part 763 Subpart E

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Some NESHAP Requirements
• 10 days notice before demolition
• 10 days notice before 260 lineal feet
• 10 days notice before ? square feet
• No visible emissions
• ACM must be kept wet and sealed in a ?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Some AHERA Requirements
• Schools K-12
• Looking to identify ACM at gt1
• All material suspected of containing asbestos is
  considered positive until proven not
• Detailed training process for inspectors,
  management planners, designers, supervisors and
  abatement workers
• Ohio Department of Health has its own rules that
  supersede Federal AHERA

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Scope and application of OSHA 1926.1101
• Demolition
• Removal or encapsulation
• Construction, alteration, repair, maintenance or
  renovations
• Installation of asbestos products
• Transportation, disposal, storage, containment

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Permissible Exposure Limits
• 8 hour time weighted average of 0.1 f/cc
• This is the same as 100,000 f/M3
• 30 minute excursion limit of ? f/cc
• How many fibers in one cubic meter of air if the
  concentration is measured at 1.0 f/cc?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Regulated Areas
• All Class I, II and III work
• Regulated areas must be identified
• Access limited to authorized persons
• Respirators required in regulated areas
• No smoking, eating, drinking or chewing
• Work supervised by a competent person
• Who is your competent person?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Exposure Assessments Monitoring
• Representative sample in the breathing zone
• Representing 30 minute and 8 hour samples
• Periodic monitoring of Class II operations

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Employee Notification of Monitoring Results
• Notify employees as soon as possible
• Notify in writing (5 days)
• Observation of Monitoring
• Affected employee or designated representative
• Entry into regulated work areas requires all
  personal protective equipment be worn and all
  other applicable rules to be followed.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Engineering controls include the following
• HEPA vacuums
• Wet methods
• Prompt cleanup of ACM and debris
• Use engineering controls to achieve compliance
  with the TWA PEL and Excursion Limit
• Local exhaust ventilation with HEPA filtration
• Enclosure
• Supplement with respiratory protection

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Prohibitions
• High-speed abrasive disc saws not equipped with
  HEPA filtration systems
• Compressed air used to remove asbestos or ACM
• Dry sweeping, shoveling or other dry clean up
  containing ACM or PACM.
• Employee rotation to reduce exposure to asbestos.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work
• Must be supervised by a competent person
• Critical barriers shall be placed over all
  openings
• Barriers shall prevent migration of fiber from
  outside the regulated work area
• Perimeter monitoring is required
• Clearance monitoring is required
• Work practices follow Class I work

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work
• Glove bags can only be used is the work to be
  performed is fully enclosed
• Gaskets must be removed using a glovebag if the
  gasket is deteriorated
• Gaskets must be placed immediately in a disposal
  container
• Any scraping to remove residue must be done wet

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work
• All other materials being removed must be
  thoroughly wetted with amended water
• The material will be removed intact whenever
  possible
• Cutting, breaking or abrading the material will
  be avoided as much as possible
• Removed materials will be bagged or wrapped as it
  is removed and disposed on a of daily basis

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work Vinyl and Asphalt Flooring
• Flooring and backing shall not be sanded
• Floors cleaned only with HEPA vacuums containing
  disposable filter bags and metal floor tools
• Resilient sheeting shall be removed by cutting
  with wetting of snip point and wetting during
  delamination.
• Rip-up of sheeting is prohibited.
• What type of vacuum attachment is required?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work Vinyl and Asphalt Flooring
• Perform all scraping of residual materials using
  wet methods.
• Dry sweeping is prohibited
• Mechanical chipping is prohibited
• Tiles shall be removed intact if possible
• Heated tiles can be removed without wetting
• Resilient flooring is considered ACM until lab
  tests prove otherwise

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work Roofing Materials
• Remove intact whenever possible
• Wet methods required if material is not intact
  unless not feasible or creates a safety hazard
• Cutting machines are to be misted continuously
• Built up roofs require HEPA vacuuming and
  immediate bagging of dust and debris
• Waste materials must be handled to prevent
  airborne dust and disposed of by days end

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class II Work Roofing Materials
• Removal or repairs of lt25 Ft2 can be done without
  wet methods or HEPA vacuuming if
• Roofing material is intact
• No dust is generated
• Manual methods used
• Work is conducted the same day

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class III Work
• Work is performed using wet methods
• Use local exhaust ventilation with HEPA
  filtration whenever feasible
• Work involving drilling, cutting, abrading,
  sanding, chipping, breaking or sawing of TSI or
  surfacing materials, requires impermeable drop
  cloths, isolation, or glovebags systems.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Methods of Compliance
• Class III Work
• In locations where negative exposure has not been
  documented or the PEL is exceeded, drop cloths
  and plastic barriers, or negative pressure
  enclosures are required.
• When working with TSI or surfacing materials
  employees shall wear respirators as required by
  the standard.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Respiratory Protection Required when
• During class II work if material not intact
• During all class II and III work if wet methods
  not used, unless
• Working on a sloped roof
• Negative exposure determination made
• ACM removed in an intact state
• During all class II and III work if a negative
  exposure determination was not made
• Class III jobs with TSI or ACM is disturbed
• If exposed above the TLV or in emergencies

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Respiratory Protection Selection
• Approved by MSHA and NIOSH
• Follow Table 1 to select respirator and ensure
  use
• Tight fitting PAPR can be substituted for any
  negative pressure respirator
• Half-face negative pressure respirator required
  for any Class II and III jobs without negative
  exposure documentation or Class III work where
  TSI or ACM is disturbed.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Respiratory Protection Program
• OHIO University has a written program
• HEPA filters can be changed as needed when
  breathing resistance is noted
• An adequate supply must be kept on-hand
• Employees can leave the work area to wash their
  faces and respirators to prevent skin irritation.
• If physician determines that you cannot wear a
  respirator, you cannot be assigned to a task that
  requires it.

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Respiratory Fit Testing
• Qualitative or quantitative fit testing is
  required
• Testing on a annual basis
• Must meet a minimum fit factor of
• 100 for half-face
• 1000 for full face

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Protective Clothing
• OHIO University to provide whenever
• TWA or excursion limit is exceeded
• Negative exposure determination not made
• Class I operations removing more than 25 lineal
  or 10 square feet of TSI or surfacing ACM or PACM
• Laundering of contaminated clothing must be
  conducted to prevent the release of fibers above
  the TLV
• Contract laundries must be informed

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Protective Clothing
• Contaminated clothing must be transported in ?
  and labeled
• Competent person must inspect work clothes at
  least once per shift
• Rips or tears are to be repaired immediately or
  the work clothes replaced

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Hygiene Facilities and Practices
• The employer must establish an equipment room or
  area adjacent to the regulated area for the
  decontamination of employees and equipment
• Employees must enter and exit the regulated area
  through the equipment room or area

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Hygiene Facilities and Practices
• Hygiene facilities and practices must match those
  of employees performing higher classification
  work within the same regulated area, or
• Decontamination facilities specified for Other
  Class I Jobs, Class II Jobs, and Class III Jobs
  must be provided for employees cleaning up debris
  and material identified as TSI or surfacing ACM
  or PACM
• For all jobs covered under this standard smoking
  is not permitted where there is exposure to
  asbestos

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Building Owners
• Post signs at entrance to mechanical rooms/areas
  which employees may reasonably be expected to
  enter and which contain ACM and/or PACM
• Identify material present, its location, work
  practices to avoid disturbance
• Post signs or labels on previously installed
  ACM/PACM to inform employees of which materials
  are affected

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Employers
• Before work, identify the presence, location, and
  quantity of ACM/PACM
• Before work, inform the employees of the location
  and quantity of ACM/PACM and the precautions to
  be taken to confine airborne asbestos

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Signs
• Signs must be used to demarcate regulated areas
• Additional wording where applicable
• RESPIRATORS AND PROTECTIVE CLOTHING ARE REQUIRED
  IN THIS AREA

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Labels
• Labels must be affixed to
• Products containing asbestos
• Containers containing such products, including
  waste containers
• Installed asbestos products, where feasible,
  including previously installed material
  identified as ACM/PACM
• Examples?

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Labels
• Exemptions from labeling include
• Products where asbestos fibers have been modified
  by a bonding agent, coating, binder, or other
  material, if no concentration of fibers greater
  than the PELs will be produced during any
  reasonably foreseeable use, handling, etc.
• Products where asbestos is lt X by weight
• Installed materials where signs providing same
  information are posted

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Communication of Hazards Labels
• Additionally, labels must contain a warning
• statement against breathing asbestos fibers

DANGER CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS AVOID CREATING
DUST CANCER AND LUNG DISEASE HAZARD
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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Employee Information and Training Access
• Employer must make available to employees without
  cost
• Written materials relating to training program
• Copy of the Standard
• NIH Publication No. 89-1647 or equivalent
  self-help smoking cessation program material
• www.smokefree.gov
• Employer must provide to OSHA and NIOSH upon
  request all information and training materials

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Housekeeping
• Vacuuming
• HEPA-filtered equipment
• Used and emptied in a manner that minimizes
  re-entry of asbestos into the workplace
• Asbestos waste and contaminated articles
  consigned for disposal
• Collected and disposed of in sealed, labeled,
  impermeable bags or other containers
• Dust and debris in areas containing accessible
  TSI or surfacing ACM/PACM or visibly deteriorated
  ACM
• No dry sweeping or vacuuming without HEPA filters
• Prompt cleanup and disposal in leak-tight
  containers

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Housekeeping
• Care of asbestos-containing flooring material
• No sanding
• Stripping of finish only with low abrasion pads,
  speed below 300 rpm, and wet methods
• Burnishing or dry buffing only on flooring with
  sufficient finish so pad cannot contact flooring
  material

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Medical Surveillance General
• Coverage
• Employees who for a combined total of 30 or more
  days/year do Class I, II, and III work, or who
  are exposed at or above the PELs for a total of
  30 days/year
• Days of Class II or III work where the work is 1
  hour or less and other work practices are
  required by the standard are complied with, do
  not count in the total Employees
• Employees who are otherwise required to wear
  negative pressure respirators by this standard
  must have this use approved by a physician

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Medical Surveillance - General
• Conduct of examinations
• By or under the supervision of a licensed
  physician
• At no cost to the employee
• At a reasonable time and place
• Pulmonary function tests must be administered by
  a licensed physician or by a person who has
  completed a training course in spirometry
  sponsored by an appropriate academic or
  professional institution

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Medical Surveillance Frequency
• Prior to an assignment to an area where
  negative-pressure respirators are worn
• Within 10 working days of the 30th day of
  exposure, within one year, for employees
• Engaged in Class I, II, and/or III work
• At least annually thereafter
• More frequently when recommended by the physician
• Exception no examination is required if employee
  has been examined within past 1-year period

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Medical Surveillance Content
• Medical and work history, with special emphasis
  directed to the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and
  gastrointestinal systems
• Standardized questionnaires
• Physical examination directed to the pulmonary
  and gastrointestinal systems
• Chest X-ray, at discretion of physician
• Pulmonary
• FVC (Forced Vital Capacity)
• FEV(1) (Forced Expiratory Volume)
• Other examinations/tests as ordered by physician

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Medical Surveillance Written Opinion
• A statement that the employee has been informed
  of the increased risk of lung cancer due to
  smoking and asbestos exposure together
• May not include findings or diagnoses unrelated
  to occupational exposure to asbestos
• Must be provided by employer to employee within
  30 days of receipt

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Recordkeeping, Exposure Assessments
• Record must include
• Date of measurement
• Operation being monitored
• Sampling and analytical methods used and evidence
  of their accuracy
• Number, duration, and results of samples
• Type of protective devices worn
• Name, social security number, and exposure of
  employees whose exposures are represented
• Record must be maintained for at least 30 years
• Employer may have records maintained by industry
  trade and employee associations

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Recordkeeping, Medical Surveillance
• Record must include
• Name and social security number of employee
• Copy of employees medical examination results
• Physicians written opinions
• Employee medical complaints related to exposure
  to asbestos
• Copy of information provided to physician
• Record must be maintained for duration of
  employment plus 30 years

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Recordkeeping - Other Records
• Training records
• Must be maintained for 1 year beyond last date of
  employment by that employer
• Data to rebut PACM
• Must be maintained for as long as they are relied
  upon to rebut presumption
• Records of required notifications
• Must be maintained by building owner for the
  duration of ownership and must be transferred to
  successive owners

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Recordkeeping - Other Records
• Upon written request, all records are available
  to OSHA and NIOSH for examination and copying
• Upon request, exposure records are available to
  employees, former employees, designated
  representatives, and OSHA for examination and
  copying

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Recordkeeping - Other Records
• Upon request, employee medical records are
  available to the subject employee, anyone having
  the employees written consent, and OSHA for
  examination and copying
• 29 CFR 1910.20(h) governs transfer of records
• When an employer ceases business without a
  successor employer, the employer must notify
  NIOSH 90 days before disposal of records and
  transmit them to NIOSH if requested

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person General
• On all construction worksites covered by this
  standard, the employer shall designate a
  competent person, having the qualifications and
  authorities for ensuring worker safety and health
  required by Subpart C, General Safety and Health
  Provisions for Construction (29 CFR 1926.20
  through 1926.32).

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person Inspection Frequency
• Required inspections - frequent and regular
  inspections of job sites, materials, and
  equipment
• Additional inspections - Class II, III, and IV
  jobs
• At intervals sufficient to assess whether
  conditions have changed
• At any reasonable time at employee request

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person Duties
• For Class I or II jobs, the competent person must
  perform or supervise
• Set up of regulated area, enclosure, or other
  containment
• Ensuring integrity of enclosure or containment
• Set up of procedures to control entry to and exit
  from the enclosure and/or area
• Supervision of employee exposure monitoring
• Ensuring that employees working within enclosure
  and/or using glove bags wear required protective
  clothing and respirators

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person Duties
• Ensuring that employees set up remove/engineering
  controls, and use work practices and PPE as
  required
• Ensuring that employees use hygiene facilities
  and decontamination procedures as required
• Ensuring that engineering controls are
  functioning properly and employees are using
  proper work practices
• Ensuring that notification requirements are met

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person Training
• For Class I and II jobs
• Comprehensive course for supervisors meeting
  criteria of EPA Model Accredited Plan (40 CFR
  763, subpart E, Appendix C) for stringency,
  content, and length
• Contents - all aspects of asbestos removal and
  handling
• Abatement, installation, removal, and handling
• Contents of the standard
• Identification of asbestos
• Removal procedures
• Other practices for reducing the hazard

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Competent Person Training
• For Class III and IV jobs
• Contents - aspects of asbestos handling
  appropriate to the work
• Procedures for setting up glove bags and
  mini-enclosures
• Practices for reducing asbestos exposures
• Use of wet methods
• Contents of the standard
• Identification of asbestos

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Annual Asbestos Refresher Training

• Appendices - Mandatory
• Mandatory
• A- OSHA Reference Method
• C- Qualitative and Quantitative Fit Testing
  Procedures
• D- Medical Questionnaires
• E- Interpretation and Classification of Chest
  Roentgenograms
• Non-mandatory
• B- Sampling and Analysis
• F- Work Practices and Engineering Controls for
  Class I Asbestos Operations
• H- Substance Technical Information for Asbestos
• I- Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Asbestos
• J- Smoking Cessation Program Information for
  Asbestos
• K- Polarized Light Microscopy of Asbestos
• Reserved
• G