141 SEMINAR

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141 SEMINAR

1. Review of Part 91 and Part 43
2. Inoperative Equipment Placarding and MEL
   Options
3. Part 141 Maintenance Rules

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• PRIVATE PILOT PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS

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PRIVATE PILOT PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS

• A. TASK CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS
• 2. Locating and Explaining
• a. Airworthiness and Registration Certificates
• b. Operating Limitations, placards, instrument
  markings, and POH/AFM
• c. Weight and Balance Data and equipment list

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PRIVATE PILOT PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS

• B. TASK AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
• 1. Explaining
• a. Instruments Equipment for day/night VFR
• b. Procedures and limitations for determining
  airworthiness of the airplane with and without an
  MEL
• c. Requirements and Procedures for a Special
  Flight permit
• 2. Locating and explaining
• a. Airworthiness directives
• b. Compliance records
• c. Maintenance/inspection requirements
• d. Appropriate airworthiness and maintenance
  recordkeeping.

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How do Students learn about airworthiness and
aviation maintenance practices?

• From the formal course of study

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How do Students learn about airworthiness and
aviation maintenance practices?

• By observing the schools compliance culture as
  demonstrated by its actual operations and
  practices, and in its written and unwritten
  procedures.

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How do Students learn about airworthiness and
aviation maintenance practices?

• By the example of their instructors
  compliance-ethics and practices.

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REVIEW

• Part 91 Operations
• Definitions
• Airworthy Aircraft
• Equipment Reqmts.
• Maintenance Requirements
• Maintenance Record Requirements

• Part 43 Maintenance
• Persons Authorized to Perform Approve
• Approval for Return to Service
• Un-resolved Maint.
• Performance rules

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DEFINITIONS FAR 1

• "Person" means an individual, firm, partnership,
  corporation, company, association, joint-stock
  association, or governmental entity. It includes
  a trustee, receiver, assignee, or similar
  representative of any of them.

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DEFINITIONS FAR 1

• Operate with respect to aircraft, means use,
  cause to use or authorize to use aircraft, for
  the purpose (except as provided in Sec. 91.13 of
  this chapter) of air navigation including the
  piloting of aircraft, wìth or without the right
  of legal control (as owner, lessee, or
  otherwise).

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DEFINITIONS FAR 1

• Maintenance means inspection, overhaul, repair,
  preservation, and the replacement of parts, but
  excludes preventive maintenance.

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PART 91 APPLICABILITY

• Applies to Owners and Operators
• No person may The Owner or Operator shall
• Applies to Pilots
• No person may operate, a crewmember shall, no
  pilot in command may, each pilot in command shall

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91.7 Civil Aircraft Airworthiness

• No person may operate unless
• Airworthy Condition
• PIC determines whether that aircraft is in
  condition for safe flight.
• The PIC shall discontinue the flight when
  unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural
  conditions occur.

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What is the meaning of AIRWORTHY?

• Two Conditions
• 1. Conforms to Type Design
• Attained when required and proper components are
  installed, and they are consistent with drawings,
  specifications, and other data that are part of
  the type certificate, including Supplemental Type
  Certificate and field-approved alterations.

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What is the meaning of AIRWORTHY? (continued)

• 2. The aircraft is in a Condition for Safe
  Operation
• This refers to the condition of the aircraft
  with relation to wear and deterioration

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91.9 Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and
placard requirements

• No person may operate a civil aircraft in a
  manner contrary to 
• Operating Limitations
• Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual
• Approved manual material, markings, and placards,
  or any combination thereof. 
• The Aircraft must be identified IAW FAR 45

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91.203 Civil aircraft Certifications required

• No person may operate without
• An appropriate and current airworthiness
  certificate.
• An effective U.S. registration certificate
• Airworthiness Certificate is displayed at the
  cabin or cockpit entrance

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(No Transcript)
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6. TERMS AND CONDITIONS Unless sooner
surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination
date is otherwise established by the
Administrator, this Airworthiness Certificate is
effective as long as the maintenance, preventive
maintenance, and alterations are performed in
accordance with Parts 21, 43, and 91of the
Federal Aviation Regulations, as appropriate, and
the aircraft is registered in the United States.
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91 SUBPART CEQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENT, REQUIREMENTS

• 91.205 Instrument and equipment requirements.
• 91.207 Emergency Locator Transmitters (includes
  annual inspection requirements)
• 91.209 Aircraft lights
• 91.211 Supplemental oxygen.

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91 SUBPART CEQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENT, AND
CERTIFICATE REQUIREMENTS

• 91.213 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment
• 91.215 ATC transponder and altitude reporting
  equipment and use

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91 SUBPART EMAINTENANCE, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE,
AND ALTERATIONS

• 91.403 General
• The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily
  responsible.
• No person may perform maintenance, preventive
  maintenance, or alterations on an aircraft other
  than as prescribed in this subpart and other
  applicable regulations, including part 43 of this
  chapter

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91.405 Maintenance is required

• Each Owner or Operator of an aircraft
• Shall have that aircraft inspected
• Shall have discrepancies repaired
• Ensure that maintenance personnel make
  appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance
  records indicating the aircraft has been Approved
  for Return to Service
• (only the owner/operator knows what the record
  looks like)

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Part 43Approval for Return to Service?

• 43.9 Content, form, and disposition of records
  
• (a) Each Person who performs shall make an entry
  containing the following information
• (1) A description of the work performed.
• (2) The date of completion
• (3) The name of the person performing
• If the work has been performed satisfactorily,
  the signature, certificate number, and kind of
  certificate held by the person approving the
  work.
• The signature constitutes the approval for return
  to service only for the work performed.

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91.405 Maintenance required (continued)

• Permitted inoperative instrument or equipment
  must be repaired, replaced, removed, or inspected
  at the next required inspection
• Inoperative instruments or equipment must be
  placarded as required by 43.11

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91.407(a) Operation after maintenance,
preventive maintenance, rebuiding, or alteration

• No person may operate any aircraft that has
  undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance,
  rebuilding, or alteration unless
• Approved for Return to Service
• Maintenance record entry, 43.9 or 43.11

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91.407(b) Operational Check Flight

• Operational Check Flight
• When Appreciably changed its flight
  characteristics or substantially affected its
  operation in flight
• How Pilot flies, makes an operational check,
  logs the flight in the aircraft records.
• (c) If ground tests, etc., confirm proper
  operation, no flight check is required (CAUTION
  see rule for details).

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91.409 Inspections

• No person may operate an aircraft Unless
• Current Annual Inspection
• and current 100-Hour or Annual Inspection (if
  for hire or flight instruction for hire) or
• Special Flight Permit, or
• AAIP under 135 or 125, or
• Progressive Inspection, orInspection Program
  under 409(e), or
• Newly certificated aircraft

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91 SUBPART EOther Inspections

• 91.411 Altimeter system and altitude reporting
  equipment tests and inspections. For IFR flight.
  (AFRTS includes Maximum Altitude Tested)
• 91.413 ATC transponder tests and inspections.
  Current inspection before use.
• Reminder One more obligation

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91 SUBPART AGENERAL

• Preflight
• 91.7(a) No person may operate a civil aircraft
  unless it is in an airworthy condition.
• 91.7(b) The Pilot in Command is responsible for
  determining that the aircraft is in a condition
  for safe operation.

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91.417 MAINTENANCE RECORDS

• Two Kinds
• Records that must be transferred with ownership.
  method of transfer
• Records that only need to be kept for one year or
  until superceded.
• Industry norms and FAA rules about records.

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Part 43MAINTENANCE, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE,
REBUILDING, AND ALTERATION

• 43.1 Applicability
• Aircraft with a US Airworthiness Certificate

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43.3 Persons Authorized to Perform

• Preventive Maintenance (as defined in Part 43)
• Certificated Pilotonly on aircraft owned or
  operated by that pilot that are not on an air
  carrier certificate.
• Minor repairs, 100-Hour inspections, Annual
  Inspections, Major Repairs, Major Alterations
• Certificated Mechanic
• Certificated Mechanic with IA
• Certificated Repair Stations Repairmen
• Properly supervised persons

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43.5 Approval for return to service after
maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding,
or alteration

• No person may approve unless --
• (a) The maintenance record entry required by
  43.9 or 43.11, as appropriate, has been made
  and if Major
• (b) The repair or alteration form authorized by
  or furnished by the Administrator Form 337 has
  been executed in a manner prescribed by the
  Administrator and

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43.5 Approval for return to service after
maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding,
or alteration (continued)

• (c) If a repair or an alteration results in any
  change in the aircraft operating limitations or
  flight data contained in the approved aircraft
  flight manual, those operating limitations or
  flight data are appropriately revised and set
  forth as prescribed in 91.9 of this chapter.

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43.7 Persons authorized to approve

• Preventive Maintenance
• A private pilot (at least), but not on air
  carrier aircraft.
• Minor maintenance, 100 hour inspections, certain
  other inspections.
• The holder of a mechanic certificate
• Annual Inspections, Major Repairs, Major
  Alterations
• The holder of a mechanic certificate with
  Inspection Authorization
• A repair station
• A manufacturer
• Certain holders of an air carrier operating
  certificates (CAMP)

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43.9 Content, form, and disposition of records
(except inspections )

• (a) Each person who performs shall make an
  entry in the maintenance record of that equipment
  containing the following information
• (1) A description (or acceptable reference) of
  the work
• (2) The date of completion of the work
• (3) The name of the person performing the work
• (4) If satisfactorily performed, the signature,
  certificate number, and kind of certificate held
  by the person approving the work.
• The signature constitutes the approval for return
  to service only for the work performed.
• In addition, major repairs and major alterations
  shall be entered on a form, and the form disposed
  of, in the manner prescribed in appendix B, by
  the person performing the work.

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43.11 Records for inspections

• (a) The person approving or disapproving for
  return to service after any inspection shall
  make an entry in the maintenance record of that
  equipment containing the following information
• (1) The type of inspection and a brief
  description of the extent of the inspection.
• (2) The date of the inspection and aircraft
  total time in service.
• (3) The signature, the certificate number, and
  kind of certificate held by the person approving
  or disapproving for return to service (continued)

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43.11 Records for inspections

• (4) If the aircraft is found to be airworthy and
  approved for return to service, the following or
  a similarly worded statement
• "I certify that this aircraft has been inspected
  in accordance with (insert type) inspection and
  was determined to be in airworthy condition."
• (5) If the aircraft is not approved for return
  to service because of needed maintenance,
  noncompliance with applicable specifications,
  airworthiness directives, or other approved data,
  the following or a similarly worded statement --
• "I certify that this aircraft has been inspected
  in accordance with (insert type) inspection and a
  list of discrepancies and unairworthy items dated
  (date) has been provided for the aircraft owner
  or operator."

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43.11(b) UN-RESOLVED INSPECTION FINDINGS

• If the aircraft is unairworthy the responsible
  maintenance person must give the owner or lessee
  a signed and dated list discrepancies.
• For items permitted to be inoperative under
  91.213(d)(2), the responsible maintenance person
  shall place a suitable placard , marking it
  "Inoperative," and shall include the items in the
  signed and dated list of discrepancies given to
  the owner or lessee.

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43.13 Performance Rules (general).

• (a) Each person shall
• Use the methods, techniques, and practices
  prescribed in the Current manufacturer's
  maintenance manual or
• Applicable Instructions for Continued
  Airworthiness, or
• Other acceptable methods, techniques, and
  practices
• Follow accepted industry practices for use of
  tools, equipment, and test apparatus necessary to
  assure completion of the work.
• Use special equipment or test apparatus
  recommended by the manufacturer or its equivalent
  acceptable to the Administrator.
• (b) The Quality of workmanship and materials
  must ensure that the article is at least equal to
  its original or properly altered condition.

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Part 91 and 43Summary

• Part 91 Operations
• Definitions
• Airworthy Aircraft
• Equipment Reqmts
• Maintenance Requirements
• Maintenance Record Requirements

• Part 43 Maintenance
• Persons Authorized to Perform Approve
• Approval for Return to Service
• Un-resolved Maint.
• Performance rules