ACM%20Multimedia%202004%20Abstract

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ACM Multimedia 2004 Abstract

• Even school children know Moores Law, but the
  effects of exponential change are only clear when
  the change arrives to impact our lives. For
  example, in the last decade, all of us moved from
  50 Megabyte disks to 50 Gigabyte disks, enabling
  video to become an everyday data-type as common
  as text. Research needs to be predicated on the
  ubiquity of Terabyte sized disks that will enable
  content of all types to be held and maintained.
• The era of unlimited storage has arrived and,
  hopefully, unlimited fixed and mobile network
  bandwidth will follow in the coming decade. Hence
  it is clear that those great bit-producers -
  digital audio, video, and real time data streams
  can take a vastly increased role in all of our
  everyday lives.
• We are beginning to experience this impact with
  MyLifeBits, a project that began with an attempt
  to make my life paperless, and that has expanded
  to include the capture, storage, access, and use
  of a vast array of data-types including
  documents, photos, audio, and video from my past.
• We are now moving toward 24 x 7 continuous
  recording of audio, images, video, and sensors
  (including health monitoring devices) that give
  new meaning to multimedia as multiple media
  types. Recorders may sometimes be turned off, but
  this is more like to be due to privacy concerns
  than lack of bandwidth or storage.
• The real problem is not space, but how to make
  use of the record as Vannevar Bush said in his
  1945 classic As We May Think. His Memex vision
  gave us a manifesto for creating MyLifeBits
  software, with specifications for links, text and
  audio annotations, and head-mounted cameras.
  Extending Memex into more media (video, sensors,
  etc.) includes a range for problems from
  standards to long term data preservation, with
  tools of all kinds from simple editing, storage,
  production, and presentation to automatic
  meta-data creation. 
• The humble cell phone is on a course to become
  the main platform for capturing everyones lives.
  These combine camera, video camera, navigation,
  PDA, A/V player, phone (and videophone) and
  place in the hands of 5 billion users in an age
  unlimited storage.
• Whether other continuous recording and monitoring
  devices for environments, rooms, meetings,
  personal points of view, and health monitoring
  will be ubiquitous or even useful will depend on
  net cost versus benefit. And the net benefit will
  depend on multimedia research making the plethora
  of new data streams as convenient to work with as
  text and numbers are today.
• Permission to make digital or hard copies of all
  or part of this work for personal or classroom
  use is granted without fee provided that copies
  are not made or distributed for profit or
  commercial advantage and that copies bear this
  notice and the full citation on the first page.
  To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on
  servers or to redistribute to lists, requires
  prior specific permission and/or a fee.

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MyLifeBits needs MM

• Many new ways to create more data. What was heard
  or seen including video conferences, games
  played, Karaoke, musical instrument created,
• Production of content adding voice
• Content-based image retrieval
• From Context to Content Leveraging Contextual
  Metadata to Infer Multimedia Content
• Still and Moving Images
• Automatically Converting Photographic Series into
  Video Efficient Propagation for Face Annotation
  in Family Albums MobShare Controlled and
  Immediate Sharing of Mobile Images Finding the
  Right Shots Assessing Usability and Performance
  of a Digital Video Library Interface
• Towards Naming Every Individual in News Video
• Multimedia in Life and Health Sciences
• Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval
• Workshop on Continuous Archival and Retrieval of
  Personal Experiences
• Capture/sensors (e.g., scanning, wearable,
  embedded, different kinds of sensors, robotic
  assistance), experiential sampling.
• Data storage, management, organization and
  retrieval
• Insight content analysis and data mining
• User interface issues, including visualization,
  authoring, story-telling, annotation
• Applications e.g., personal museum,
  health-support, childcare, research tools,
  meeting capture.
• Security, privacy, and legal issues and
  sousveillance inverse surveillance

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How MyLifeBits Sees MultimediaThe Relevance
for Multimedia When We Record Everything
Personal

• ACM Multimedia 2004
• 12 October 2004
• Gordon Bell
• gbell_at_microsoft.com
• Bay Area Research Center
• San Francisco, CA

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ACM MM2004 A great time for multi-mediators
audio video become the principle data-types

• Overall Vision Everything into or accessed via
  Cyberspace as we move from an analog to digital
  world
• Increasing technology dimensions MHz, bytes,
  pixels, b/s
• Massive power in GPU, Bytes at each level, big
  little pixels, wireless
• Thresholds enable new computer classes,
  capabilities, converged devices Classes
  platform, interface, network _at_price level gt
  Apps
• New classes
• PC rebirth as the personal home mainframe
  ambianceentertainment
• PC rebirth for archiving everything MyLifeBits
• Phone-PDAPC-Camera-etc. on body device
• In and around body devices
• Sensecam
• DARPA ASSIST Project
• BodyMedia
• Wireless sensor nets network, interface, size
  will create a class
• Challengesespecially to multimedia community

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Everything cyberizable will be in Cyberspace and
covered by a hierarchy of computers!
Body
Continent
Region/ Intranet
Cars phys. nets
Home buildings
Campus
World
Fractal Cyberspace a network of networks of
platforms
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IP On Everything
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Cyberization interface to all bits and process
information

• Coupling to all information and information
  processors
• Pure bits e.g. printed matter
• Bit tokens e.g. money
• State places, things, and people
• State physical networks

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Industrys evolutionary pathMoores Law Que
sera sera
Grand Challengeland New systems, classes, apps
Base Case
Goodness
Evolution inperformance, cost
Time
2000
2012
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Hz, Bits, Bytes, Pixels, Bits/Sec and cost
determine our future us
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Computer components must all evolve at the same
rate

• Amdahls law one instruction per second requires
  one byte of memory and one bit per second of I/O
• Processor speed has evolved at 60 per year.
• Graphics Processing Unit offers one-time
  opportunity
• Big bang 64 bit processors gt VM physical
  memory.
• Storage has evolved at 60 now almost 100
• Wide Area Network speed evolves at 60
• Local Area Network speed evolved 26-60
• Groves Law Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)
  evolved at 14! US Now stuck lt1 Mbps.
• Wireless. ROW hundreds Kbps. US 3rd world nil

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Extrapolation from 1950s 20-30 growth per year
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CACM 1997 Predictions
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• Power
• Riding Moores Law
• Scale up and out
• 64-bit, 64-way
• Next Generation Secure Computing Base

Personal Computer in 2005-6
PC Software Ecosystem

• CPU 4-6 GHz 2 cores
• Memory 2 GB
• Disk 0.5 - 1 TB
• GPU 4x today
• Net 1Gbps 54Mbps wireless

• Convenience
• Wireless networking
• Always on
• Always with you

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2010 Platforms
DeskTop / Home Phone PDA, etc. Server
Processor 50 GHz (3Pc per chip 12.5 GHz (programmed everything) Quad Multi-Core 50GHz(12 computing elements)
Memory 50 GB. 15 GB 200 GB (NUMA) TByte servers in lab!!
Storage 3 TB 4 GB flash 500 GB disk 5 EB (exabyte, 1018)
Display 30 flat panel OLED paper alt.?
Network
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GPUs (Then Now)

• Best card c2004
• 16 Pixel pipelines
• 500 MHhz
• 35 GB/s (Mem BW)
• 800 MT/s
• 8 Gpixels /s fill

• Ardent Titan c1988
• 1 pipe (4 results)
• 32 MHz
• 0.256 GB/s
• 0.1-0.2 MT/s
• 0.017 Gpixel moves

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National Storage Roadmap 2000
100x/decade 100/year
10x/decade 60/year
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Storage Trends
Source Ed Grochowski, IBM Research Almaden
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The virtuous cycle of bandwidth supply and demand
Standards IP
Telnet FTP EMAIL
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Bells law of computer class formation to cover
Cyberspace

• New computer platforms emerge based on chip
  density evolution
• Computer classes require new platforms, networks,
  and cyberization
• New apps and content develop around each new
  class
• Each class becomes a vertically disintegrated
  industry based on hardware and software standards

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Every decade a new, lower cost class of computers
emerge defined by

• Computing platform
• Interface to humans or other parts of world
• New networking and/or interconnect structure

log (people per computer)
year
David Culler UC/Berkeley
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New Role for Computing
log (people per computer)
streaming information to/from physical world
year
David Culler UC/Berkeley
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CMOS Trends miniaturization and
more
nearly a thousand 8086s would fit in a modern
microprocessor
David Culler UC/Berkeley
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Platform, Interface, Network Computer Class
Enablers
The Computer Mainframe tube, core, drum, tape,
batch O/S direct gt batch
Mini Timesharing SSI-MSI, disk, timeshare
O/S terminals via commands POTS
PC/WS micro, floppy, disk, bit-map display,
mouse, distd O/S WIMP LAN
Web browser PC, scalable servers, Web,
HTML Internet
Network Interface Platform
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Platform, Interface, Network Computer Class
Enablers
Communicator



(Phone lt-gt PDA evolution?)
Phone/PDA, Multi Gbyte, camera, GPS, body
nets Pocket sized GPRS, WiFi, Web services
Web services based infrastructure Clusters ala
Beowulf grid XML www servers, web
services, Lamda-nets Corp. nets
Home nets Entertainmt, health, monitor
TV/PC converge, Wireless sense/effect Wired
wireless networks
Wireless monitoring minimal sense/effect Pe
riphery monitoring networks
Network Interface Platform
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Conclusion a new era

• New computer classes create new industries
• Web services (Grid)
• Virtually unlimited storage enables the lifetime
  store
• Networked computing takes over home entertainment
• High speed wireless networks
• Smart Personal Objects
• New classes require new breeds of software

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PC At An Inflection Point
PCs
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Consumer PCs
Mobile Companions
TV/AV
The Dawn Of The PC-Plus Era, Not The Post-PC
Eradevices aggregate via PCs!!!
Household Management
Communications
Automation Security
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Telephone, Television, and Radio
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Evolution of media in the home
Tomorrow
Today
Yesterday

• Analog storage
• Separate distribution networks
• Physical space limitations
• Tedious management and manual search

• Digital storage proliferation (CDs, DVDs, PVRs,
  MPEG WMA/V)
• Digital cable, internet radio, analog phone
• Storage limitations different stores for
  different stuff

• All digital
• PC platforms
• Everything connected (IP)
• Unlimited storage
• Everything in a database

SQL
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stereo
Cassette
Receiver
Wfr
Spkr
Cables/links Speaker 51 Plasma 2 or 3 Cable/Enet
2 IR 8 Stereo 4 5.1 digital 2 Comp./S-video
3 Plasma panel 1 Power 10 Kbd/mse 2 Monitor II
(opt.) 4 Camera 2 Total 42 46 Things
18remotes
stereo
CD
5 speakers
Spkr
IR
stereo Video
VCR
5.1 digital comp.
DVD
stereo Video
Set top
Set top
Cable/ Satellite
Video
5.1 digital
Plasma Panel
Media Center Computer
Ethernet
SVHS-wide
Camera Mic
Video composite or S-video
Kbd
Mse
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Tivo for Radio
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Lifetime Personal Information Storesbased on
MyLifeBits

• Gordon Bell, Jim Gemmell, Roger Lueder

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The 1 TB Life

• 1TB gives 65 years. 25,000 days at
• 100 email messages a day (5KB each)
• 100 web pages day (50KB each)
• 5 scanned pages of paper a day (100KB each)
• 1 book every 10 days (1 MB each)
• 10 photos per day (400 KB JPEG each)
• 8 hours per day of sound - e.g. telephone,voice
  annotations, and meeting recordings (8 Kb/s)
• 1 new music CD every 10 days (45 min each at
  128 Kb/s)
• 5 years to fill c2004 80 GB drives
• Want video? Buy more drives (1 TB/year gets 4
  hours/day _at_ 1.5 Mb/s video)

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Everything goes in a database

• You need all the features of a database(Consisten
  cy, Indexing, Pivoting, Queries,
  Speed/scalability, Backup, replication)
• If you dont use one, you will create one!
• Files are blobs, that sync with legacy file
  system apps

SQL
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MyLifeBits Software
MyLifeBits store
database
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MemexAs We May Think, Vannevar Bush, 1945

• A memex is a device in which an individual
  stores all his books, records, and
  communications, and which is mechanized so that
  it may be consulted with exceeding speed and
  flexibility
• Full-text search, text audio annotations, and
  hyperlinks

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I am data
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Statistics of use
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Capture and encoding
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I mean everything
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WWMX.org
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50 year old newspaper clippings
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400 year old books
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Personal Capture of ContentSteve
ManninCyberspacec1995
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The personal capture space

• Capture
• In passing at personal level
• Office, including web pages
• Legacy Paper, photos, CDs, Video,
• Real time Phone, meetings,
• On board aka on body
• Network based
• Especially phone
• Smart rooms
• TV
• Personal carry always devices
• Organization
• Automatic Ease of organizing, annotating,
  retrieval

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On body sense capture

• Architecture
• Universal or many devices or networked devices
  with hub
• Connection with any external sensors or networks
• Purpose meeting, experience capture,
  surveillance, memory prosthesis, health,
• Sensors camera, GPS/compass, voice audio,
  text, stills movies
• Displays augmented reality, etc.
• Environment temperature, light, etc.
• Physiological BodyMedia (energy expended,
  acceleration, pulse heart rate,)

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The A/V/real time data Future new capture
modes/devices
Deja View
SenseCam MSR Cambridge
SenseCam
St. Jude Pacemaker
Body Media
Quindi Meeting capture
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IP On Everything
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Visually impaired UW 2004
I sensed Clarkson MIT c2001
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Sensecam Interactive jewellery
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Potentially useful trivia but not normally
photographed
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InHealth Robotfor telepresence
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Advanced Soldier Sensor InformationSystem and
Technology (ASSIST)

• The objective is to exploit soldier-worn sensors
  to augment recall and reporting to enhance
  situational understanding.
• Demonstrate new capabilities that exploit
  information captured via soldier-worn sensors.
  Input streams from location, images, audio, and
  motion sensors -- logged and processed for
  reports and representations.
• Capture active information capture and voice
  annotations. prototype wearable capture units
  and supporting operational software for
  processing, logging and retrieval.
• Analysis passive collection and automated
  activity/object recognition.

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Personal devices

• Will the notebooks we all know and love to carry,
  take on a much smaller and or disintegrated form
  factor?
• Phone camera, GPS, personal store, PC, body
  area gateway
• Tablet or book?
• General purpose or n special appliances?

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One appliance, one function versus one
appliance, multiple functions
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OQO Tiquit
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Chameleon PC/XP CE phone256 MB 20 GB 800 x
300 pixels c2001
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Smart Personal ObjecTs (SPOT)
Services
Network
Objects
Dedicated Ku-band Satellite Feed
12 kbps/radio station FM subcarrier broadcast
MSN Operations Center
Frame Relay
WAN
US All 50 states Top 100 MTAs 219 FM
stations 177M reach
Canada Top 12 cities 24 FM Stations 12.5M reach
And more
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Issues for the Tbyte(s), Lifetime, PCKiller
apps in home office

• One dbase for everything (articles, books,
  conversations, ... financial transactions) vs.
  long-term use of hierarchical files.
• Guarantee that data will live forever! dear
  appy problem
• Cheap, easy, and data-rich (e.g. time, place)
  capture
• GPS and time everywhere
• Paper capture has to be as easy as discarding
  (scanner/shredder)
• Personal meeting capture...perhaps by the room
• E-booke-magazines journals need to have
  critical mass!
• Telephony and audio capture with indexing
  (telephonic speech-to-text needed)
• Media Center compatible for entertainment
  (photos, video, TV, radio)
• CARPE Continuous Archival Recording Retrieval
  of Personal Experience
• Content analysis (critical for photo video!)
  doable for text.
• Annotations/meta-information add every-increasing
  value at high cost!Easy annotation for aiding
  search and it becomes the content
• Information control privacy, security,
  expunge/deniability,
• Having to be schizophrenic or have a lobotomy
  when leaving a life or being a part of some
  other persons life recording
• Other killer apps Alzheimer, immortality,
  surrogate memory?
• GUIs to improve use (e.g. time to learn, use,
  aid in retention)

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MyLifeBits Challenge for Multimedia

• Handling picture, audio, video content!
• Just plain photo content analysis
• Faces, places, things, scene types, any
  attribute, etc.
• Capturing audio accurately and easily
• All kinds of microphones just like our ears can
• Speech-to-text for retrieval
• Video capture
• Segmenting content into useful clips
• Doing more than treating scenes as just pictures
  i.e. what is happening

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Problems Control, Amnesia Ownership other
life bits issues

• Full sharing of bits that are mine
• I created them, OK to copy and distribute
• DRM purchased for my own use
• The bits belong to a corporation or org.
• OK to look at, but I only own half the bits
• The bits are the real, untampered bits
• Controlling forgetfulness
• Private, do not demo
• Expunge forever... this never happened

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Codec not found
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The dear appy problem

• Dear Appy,
• How committed are you? Please come back to me,
  Lost and forgotten data
• Whos responsible?
• media
• platform, file, and databases
• evolving standards and formats
• evolving and/or disappearing apps
•  

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A Storcratic Oath

• Do no harm to dates(File creation, Photo or
  video taken)
• Do no harm to device created other meta-data.
• Camera data location data are sacred.
• Support aid the creation of critical meta-data.
  
• When/how the user feels like it
• Auto-magically!
• Maintain user confidentiality
• Support the Codec FOREVER!

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The End
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How to lose at Video Conferencing

1. Voice quality must be comparable to the low
   cost alternative
2. The call must be as easy as the low cost
   alternative
3. Video conferencing must be as ubiquitous as the
   low cost alternative.
4. Video must increase presence

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The Content Analysis Problem

1. Cliplets Automatic segmentation of a pile of
   documents and video into individual documents and
   scenes.
2. Item typing Would like a minimal Dublin Core for
   each item date, creator, title, source,
   abstract, and type
3. Type classification articles, letters, memos,
   etc.
4. Ontology creation for collections

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What we need from multi-mediators

1. Less data types we are drowning in new types.
   Standards.
2. Dear Appy, A general transcoder.
3. Better audio starting with a range of
   microphones. Essential for speech recognition
4. Names, places, and times for every object in a
   photo or video!
5. Who said what?
6. Who was playing, what, when? Who wrote it?
7. Composition of stories from content.
8. CODEC (Standards) Hell 3-5 groups evolving
9. Picture aspirations lead technology
10. Cell phones may be the way to video conf.

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MM past, present, future

• Relation to IEEE on Visualization
• What do we see from Moores Law, Bells Law
  platforms
• Standard intro of platforms and potential one
  (new portable pmc)
• Difficulty of bringing high quality video to the
  desktopMoviemaker.
• Looking back technology didnt predict
  cellphone.
• Replace the PC as the UI for communication,
  commerce, entertainment
• 3 levels of a/v portable, stationary including
  rooms, caves
• Also brings up is it personal or does the
  infrastructure know it all?
• Interesting thesis GPU will enable vast
  computation
• Show my video vs. transcription?? Probably not
• Show the video of acm 97look at how far we have
  to go
• Everything in cyberspace telepresentation would
  be in 2047
• a/v as a user data-type (create, produce, use
  ambience)
• DUST as a platform. Low data rate. Evolution
  unclear.
• Whats in the network? Cameras EVERYPLACE!

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Technology lessons

• Wilkes build system as if it will someday be true
• Moores and Bells Law to predict platforms
• ACM 97 paper missed the cellphone Chameleon
• No technology before its time e.g. tablets,
  cellphones with high bandwidth,

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Multimedia in the large More than just another
A/V file

• 2 d documents including graphics
• Pictures
• Audio personal professional voice, music,
  sounds radio telephone
• Plain old video personal professional
• Web content that includes all of the above
• Data streams of all kinds (entertainment, carpe,
• Environmental monitoring
• Meetings (sound, video, presentation, notes)
  monitoring
• Continuous a/v monitoring e.g. DejaView,
  Sensecam including use for reality TV and
  multiple users
• Continuous body monitoring stuff e.g. BodyMedia
• Record of user behavior
• Medical imagers..

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Multimedia profitable betsmore than just
betting against optimists

• 10/9312/96 VOD. 5 cities. 250K users
• 9/946 mos.10K units, Microunitys MM processor
  (VOD, set-top)
• 9601 Multimedia Roundtable
• Telepresentations will be a well defined app
• More people view ACM97 then attend
• 6/964/01 50 PCs will have video 10 of those
  used
• 3/9712/00 10K machines communicate _at_Gbps
• 8/9912/04 LEP/OLED will outsell LCDs e-ink
  outsell LEP/OLED

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Dust Networks
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LifeLines (Plaisant et al.)
www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/lifelines
University of Maryland
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Bells Law The Evolution Of Computer Classes
Technology enables two evolutionary paths 1.
constant performance, decreasing cost 2.
constant price, increasing performance
Mini
1.26 2x/3 yrs -- 10x/decade 1/1.26 .8 1.6
4x/3 yrs --100x/decade 1/1.6 .62
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Computer Classes

• Every decade a new, lower cost class of computers
  emerge defined by
• Computing platform (hardware software
  environment
• Interface to humans or other parts of world e.g.
  sensors and actuators
• New networking and/or interconnect structure
• These create new applications and use
• The classes a decade in price every decade
• 60s millions mainframes
• 70s 10K-100K minis
• 80s 10K workstations and PCs
• 90s 1K PCs gt WWW gt MyLifeBits
• 00s 100s PDAs cell phones converge
• 10s 10 Wireless Sensor nets

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Price, performance, and class of various goods
services
Computer price 10 x 10 class Computer
weight .05 x 10 class Car price 6K x 1.5
class Transportation artifact prices
k x 10 type (shoes,...cars,... trains,...
ICBMs) French Restaurants(t'95) f(ambiance,
location) x 25 x 1.5 stars
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Bells Nine Computer Price Tiers

• 1 embeddables e.g. greeting
  card
• 10 wrist watch wallet computers
• 100 pocket/ palm computers
• 1,000 portable computers
• 10,000 personal computers (desktop)
• 100,000 departmental computers
  (closet)
• 1,000,000 site computers (glass house)
• 10,000,000 regional computers (glass
  castle)
• 100,000,000 national centers

Super server costs more than 100,000Mainframe
costs more than 1 million an array of
processors, disks, tapes, comm ports
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Future Computer Classes
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Capturing what you see
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ACM Multimedia 2004 call for papers

• Multimedia 2004 invites your participation in the
  premier annual multimedia conference, covering
  all aspects of multimedia computing from
  underlying technologies to applications, theory
  to practice, and servers to networks to devices.
  We especially encourage introduction of novel
  media such as haptic, smell, sensors, animation,
  etc.
• Technical Program The technical program will
  consist of plenary sessions and talks with topics
  of interest in
• Multimedia analysis, processing, and
  retrieval, including multimedia semantics,
  aesthetics, modeling, fusion, audio/video/multi-mo
  dal processing, multimedia content description
  and indexing, multimedia digital rights
  management (protection and attribution),
  content-based retrieval with emphasis on multiple
  and novel media. Multimedia networking and
  system support, including context-aware
  multimedia communications, Internet telephony,
  peer-to-peer streaming, audio/video streaming,
  multimedia content distribution, wireless
  multimedia, adaptive support for scalable media,
  Internet protocols, multimedia servers, operating
  systems, middleware and QoS.
• Multimedia tools, end-systems, and
  applications, including new UI metaphors, usable
  distributed collaboration, authoring, multi-modal
  interaction and integration, multimedia in
  e-learning, entertainment, personal media,
  assisted living, and virtual environments.

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Multimedia Analysis, Processing and Retrieval
Track

• The Multimedia analysis, processing, and
  retrieval track of ACM Multimedia has always been
  at the forefront of research in the area of media
  mining, media processing, and media presentation.
  We are highly encouraging submissions in these
  areas
• 1. Containing novel and fresh ideas,
• 2. Questioning existing paradigms/unwritten
  rules, or
• 3. Advancing the field by thorough theoretical or
  experimental analysis
• 4. Chartering into new directions (e.g.,
  multimedia sensor networks on distributed
  platforms) Original papers are solicited in, but
  are not limited to the following technical areas
• . Multimedia analysis, processing, and
  retrieval Multimedia content description
  Audio/video/multi-modal processing Multimedia
  semantics modeling Multimedia indexing and
  retrieval Digital rights management
  MPEG-7/-21 standards Content-based retrieval
  with emphasis on multiple and novel media
  Media Mining Multimedia sensor networks on
  small/large-scale distributed platforms Active
  media capturing, processing, and rendering from a
  control angle.  
• The term multimedia is interpreted in a very
  broad sense. It encompasses image, audio, video,
  tactile, and/or olfactory data as well as
  compound documents such as presentations (e.g.,
  in PowerPoint), word documents, media emails, and
  web pages.

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Multimedia Networking and System Support Track

• ACM Multimedia has been a premier annual
  conference, where researchers, developers, and
  practitioners from academia and industry present
  new ideas and future directions, and experience a
  stimulating synergy in all aspects of multimedia
  computing.
• For the network and system support track in the
  technical program, we invite submissions in the
  topics below, but not limited to
• context-aware multimedia communications
  Internet telephony peer-to-peer streaming
  broadband audio/video streaming multimedia
  content distribution wireless networking for
  multimedia multimedia in ad-hoc networks
  ubiquitous multimedia services multimedia
  synchronization multimedia authentication and
  security multimedia server design QoS-aware
  resource allocation

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Multimedia Tools, End-systems, and Applications
Track

• For the applications and tools track in the
  technical program, we invite submissions in the
  topics below, but not limited to
• - UI metaphors - usable distributed
  collaboration - authoring - multi-modal
  interaction and integration - multimedia in
  e-learning - entertainment - personal media-
  assisted living - virtual environments
• Papers should present novel multimedia tools and
  applications, or a theoretical or empirical
  contribution that advances our our understanding
  of how to design or implement successful
  multimedia tools and applications. Submission
  should make clear what the contribution is, and
  how it has been validated.
• Submissions that present novel applications and
  tools must place these in the context of
  state-of-the-art multimedia research, and state
  clearly what the advancement compared to previous
  applications and tools.
• If the main contribution is the application of
  multimedia tools and techniques to another field
  (for example, education, entertainment,
  security), the submission should- identify and
  explain the need or problem in that field, and -
  present some proof that the application meets the
  requirements and solves the problem (e.g.
  performance comparison or usability evaluation).