Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence
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Table-O-Contents

• AI What are you?
• What can AI do right now?
• Where is its future heading?
• What are the main obstacles that need to be
  overcome?
• Where can you learn more?

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All That HYPE

• The Terminator
• A.I.
• 2001 A Space Odyssey
• I, Robot
• The Matrix

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What is Intelligence?

• The capacity to acquire and apply knowledge,
  especially toward a purposeful goal
• The faculty of thought and reason
• We should take care not to make the intellect our
  god it has, of course, powerful muscles, but no
  personality. Albert Einstein

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What is AI?

• The ability of a computer or other machine to
  perform those activities that are normally
  thought to require intelligence.
• Artificial Intelligence was coined by a Stanford
  Professor named John McCarthy

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John McCarthy

• The Father of AI
• Professor _at_ both Dartmouth and Stanford
• Creator of SAIL Stanford Artificial Intelligence
  Lab
• Co-wrote the first approved proposal for a funded
  study on AI
• Dartmouth Proposal

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7 Areas of AI

• Automatic Computing
• How to get computers to use human language
• Neuron Nets
• Creativity Randomness
• Size of Calculations
• Self-Improvement
• Abstractions

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Self-Improvement

• A computer can not, currently, make decisions to
  self-modify or self-improve
• Boolean logic (True/False Logic) has no area for
  the partial truth that makes up most human
  decision
• Fuzzy logic introduces a dual variable system
  that allows for partial truths between two sides
  like shades of grey

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Creativity and Randomness

• Features that we have always defined as
  distinctly human
• Different ways of achieving the same out come
• Exhausting every possible scenario vs. seeing a
  solution via instinct
• A computer can beat a human in chess, and did so,
  for the first time in 1997.
• Poker, however, could never be mastered by a
  computer that only looks at odds possible
  outcomes.

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Creativity
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Abstraction

• Abstraction, and the funneling of abstraction
  into a computer is basically giving the computer
  common sense through complex algorithms
• The ability to do basic things with out though
• i.e. Im Cold, Ill put on my jacket

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Expert Systems

• Expert Systems are the closest thing we have to
  AI right now
• The first system was called MYCIN, designed in
  1974
• They are primarily based in the medical field
• Still hugely flawed by simple lack of basic human
  understanding

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So intrigued you want to know more?

• www.formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/whatisai.html
  
• This site provided information about John
  McCarthy and Artificial Intelligence
  applications. In addition, it cleared up my
  questions about the topic and provided links to
  more detailed information.
• www.aaai.org/
• The American Association for Artificial
  Intelligence containes a understandable overview
  of A.I. It also gives information on specific
  applications and new ideas for A.I. research.
• http//www.cs.washington.edu/homes/lazowska/cra/ai
  .html
• This site provided more information on
  applications and also described case studies for
  the application of Expert systems. These
  specific case studies included Diagnosing and
  treating Problems i.e. illness or
  Hardware/software problems and others. The
  future of A.I. was also forecasted.

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Want to know what the Internet Geeks think?

• The General USENET consensus?
• ROBOTS ARE GOING TO TAKE OVER THE WORLD
• We are going to be turned into batteries
• The minority opinion seems to be that computer
  scientists are not moving fast enough in a field
  where much research could be done.
• Basically they wined that they couldnt talked to
  their computers for company yet
• The last bunch of people were the MIT AI Lab and
  SAIL students and professors talking
  intelligently about what different algorithms
  could be used to help computers interact better
  with, and seem more like humans

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The Great War

• Computer power Vs. the power of the human brain
• It is predicted that by 2025 computer connection
  capacity will roar past human potential
• Measure is in connection x connectors
• Information taken from Age of Spiritual Machines
  by

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Thats All Folks

• For more information please visit our website _at_
  http//csc101.cs.uri.edu/files/storage/AMAI2964/We
  bpagepics/Artificial20Intelligence.htm3

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