Grading Criteria for Assigment 1

1
Grading Criteria for Assigment 1

• Structure
• sense of time, present and past
• conflict with two distinct sides
• description of cause of conflict
• shared values as basis for possible
  reconciliation
• Visual paragraph lengths similar to Lincoln
• Style formal language long, complex sentence
  structure
• Basic writing typos, grammar, spelling
• Creativity in topic general fit with Lincolns
  essay

2
Types of Proof

• Logical proof (logos)
• Proof that builds credibility (ethos)
• Emotional proof (pathos)

3
Types of Logical Proof

• Argument from sign
• Argument from induction
• Argument from cause
• Argument from deduction
• Argument from analogy
• Argument from definition
• Argument from statistics

4
Deductive Reasoning (ch. 8)

• Syllogism basic form of deductive argument
  major premise, minor premise, conclusion
• Question the structure of the syllogism (does
  conclusion follow) and the truth of the premises

5
Some points about fallacies

• Infinite number of fallacies (Google fallacy!)
• But fallacies are best understood in context
• Establish fallacies by questioning an arguments
  warrants and making a judgment about appropriate
  proofs

6
Logical Fallacies

• Begging the question (restating the claim)
• Red herring (irrelevant support)
• Non sequitur (conclusion does not follow)
• Straw man (distortion of opposing argument)
• Stacked evidence (one-sided)
• Either-or (false dichotomy)
• Post hoc (faulty cause)
• Hasty generalization

7
Fallacies of Ethos Pathos

• Ad hominem
• Guilt by association
• Using authority instead of evidence
• Bandwagon appeal
• Slippery slope
• Creating false needs