Carbon Nanotube In Biology

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Carbon Nanotube In Biology

• Lawanya Raj Ojha
• Graduate Student
• Department of Chemistry, OSU, Stillwater

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Abstract

• Carbon nanotubes have many interesting and
  unique properties potentially useful in a variety
  of biological and biomedical systems and
  devices. Significant progress has been made in
  the technical barriers toward applications,
  especially on issues concerning the aqueous
  solubility and biocompatibility of carbon
  nanotubes.

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Background and Introduction

• Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
• Allotropes of carbon.
• Well ordered, hollow cylindrical shape, length
  from several hundred nm to µm, diameter of 0.4-2
  nm (SWANT) and 2 - 100nm (MWNT)
• Unique properties- High surface area, High
  mechanical strength, Rich electronic properties,
  Excellent Chemical and thermal Stability.
• Several applications due to their unique
  properties
• Application in biology- Drug delivery,
  biosenser, antigen recognition, DNA hybridization

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Current Research and Application

• The ability of f-CNT to penetrate into the
  cells offers the potential of using f-CNT as a
  vehicles for the delivery of small drug molecules
• Binaco et. al. developed a new strategy for the
  multiple functionalization of CNT with
  amphotericin B (AmB) and fluorescein.
• The antibiotic linked to the nanotube was easily
  internalized into the mammalian cells without
  toxic effect in comparison the antibiotic
  incubated alone.

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Current Research and Application
Bianco et.al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44,
6358
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Current Research and Application

• Ammonium functionalized CNT for their ability to
  form supra molecular complex with nucleic acid by
  electrostatic interactions. This CNT-DNA complex
  acts as a nonviral vector to deliver plasmid DNA
  into the cell.
• Singh et.
  al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4388
• Dai and colleagues used a simple non covalent
  route to attach a reactive molecules to sidewalls
  of SWNT. This reactive molecule could the be used
  to attach to the wall of these tubes. This
  related work is of interest to the development of
  biosensor based on nanotubes.
• Green et.
  al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002,124, 12664

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Current Research and Application

• Z. Heng et al. discovered the DNA wrapped CNT.

• Biosensor
• DNA Wrapped CNT- new type of optical
  sensor in living system.

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Current Research and Application

• Lieber group have shown that SWNT are ideal
  probe tips for AFM because of their small
  diameter.
• 
  Nature,
  1998, 394, 53
• CNTs also sustain the osteoblast growth and bond
  formation, and thus represent a potential
  technological advance in bone bioengineering.
• 
  Haddon et. al. Nano Lett. 2006, 6
  , 566
• Recent development of modification of CNT by
  some biomolecules- carbohydrates, protein,
  Nucleic Acid another solid step toward the use
  of carbon nanotubes in biological and biomedical
  field.

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Conclusion

• Chemical modification of CNT opens the new
  horizons in the study of the biological
  properties of CNT
• CNTs are being developed for a host of biomedical
  and biotechnological applications, including drug
  delivery, enzyme immobilization and DNA
  transfection.
• Further advances in continuing investigations may
  depend on an improved understanding of
  biological properties of CNTs broader
  exploration of other bio application
  opportunities beyond those that have been
  identified.

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Acknowledgment

• Dr. Kevin Ausman
• Chemistry Department - OSU
• Friends and Family