LOOKING TO AMERICA

1

• LOOKING TO AMERICAS FUTURE CHILDREN IN
  IMMIGRANT FAMILIES

by DONALD J. HERNANDEZ, Ph.D.
Professor of Sociology and Center for Social
Demographic Analysis University at Albany,
SUNY Email DonH_at_albany.edu Phone (518)
442-4668 Family to Family National
Conference Annie E. Casey Foundation Nashville,
TN May 5, 2006 Acknowledgements Suzanne
Macartney
2
OVERVIEW


? Immigration New American Majority ? Family
Strengths ? Major Challenges ? Housing,
Language, and education ? Economic Consequences
of Immigration ? New Child-Based Data for Local
Areas
3
Figure 3. Percent of U.S. Children Ages 0-17 in
Specified Race/Ethnic Groups, 1980-2100
Projections for 2000-2050 were released by the
Census Bureau March 18, 2004. These projections
take into account the much larger Hispanic
population identified in Census 2000. Projections
and estimates for other years are from an earlier
series released by the Census Bureau January 13,
2000, and were based on the count of Hispanics in
Census 1990.
4
Slide 4. Estimates and Projected Percent of
Non-Hispanic Whites by Age 2000 and 2030
Presented by Donald J. Hernandez. Data is from
the Population Projections Program, Population
Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Issued March 18,
2004.
5
Slide 5. Percent of Children in Immigrant
Families 1910, 1960, 1990 and 2000
4/5 Citizens
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
the U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, 5 Public
Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
6
Slide 6. Percent of Children in Immigrant
Families by Region of Origin, 2000
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
the U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, 5 Public
Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
7
Slide 7. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Living with Two-Parents, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
8
Slide 8. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Living with Working Fathers, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
9
Slide 9. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families with Father Not a H.S. Graduate, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
10
Slide 10. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families with Father 0-8 Years of School, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
11
Slide 11. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families with Fathers Not Working Full-Time, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
12
Slide 12. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Living in Official Poverty, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
13
Slide 13. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Living in Basic Budget Poverty, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
14
Slide 14. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families with Home Owned by Parents or
Householder, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
15
Slide 15. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Who Live in Overcrowded Housing, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
16
Slide 16. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families with Father Limited English Proficient
(LEP), 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
17
Slide 17. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Who Are Limited English Proficient
(LEP), 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
18
Slide 18. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families Who Speak English Very Well, and Speak
Another Language at Home, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
19
Slide 19. Percent of U.S. Children in Immigrant
Families in Linguistically Isolated Households,
2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
20
Slide 20. Percent of U.S. Four-Year-Olds in
Immigrant Families Enrolled in Pre-k/Nursery
School, 2000
50 100
Source Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct
Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
21
Slide 21. Demographic Overview for Children in
Immigrant Families

• immigrant resources
• Two-parent families with other adults in home
• Strong work ethic
• Potential bilingual skills for U.S. economy
• Homeownership, commitment to community
• immigrant challenges
• Low educational attainments
• Much part-time, part-year work, high poverty
• Overcrowded housing, low health insurance
• Limited English proficiency
• Low pre-k/nursery school enrollment

22
Slide 22. Short-Term Economic Consequences
of Immigration

• Competition from new immigrant workers lowers
  wages mainly for earlier immigrants
• Immigrants benefit by earning higher incomes
  than they would in their country of origin
• Complementary immigrant job skills lead to
  better wages for native workers
• Complementary immigrant job skills lead to net
  gains in economic output of 1-10 billion per
  year
• Consumers benefit from lower cost goods and
  services produced by immigrants

Source James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston (eds.)
(1997) The New Americans Economic, Demographic,
and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington,
D.C. National Academy Press.
23
Slide 23. Long-Term Impact of Current Immigrants
on Government Taxes/Expenditures

• For the average immigrant
• State/Local benefits exceed taxes by 25,000
• Federal taxes exceed benefits by 105,000
• All taxes exceed benefits by 80,000
• Therefore,
  the lifetime net
  contribution of the average immigrant to
  government treasuries is 80,000

Source James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston (eds.)
(1997) The New Americans Economic, Demographic,
and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington,
D.C. National Academy Press.
24

• Slide 24. New Child Indicators for
• Public Policy, Advocacy, and Philanthropy

supported by -- The William and Flora Hewlett
Foundation -- Annie E. Casey Foundation -- W.
T. Grant Foundation -- Winthrop Rockefeller
Foundation -- Center for Law and Social
Policy -- National Task Force on Early
Childhood Education for Hispanics
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• Slide 25. WE ARE PRODUCING
• 200 CHILD INDICATORS
• FOR LOCAL AREAS

Topics include Immigrant Generation, Country of
Origin, Language Proficiency, Citizenship,
Race-Ethnicity and Family, Economic, Educational,
Housing, and Neighborhood Situations
26

• LOOKING TO AMERICAS FUTURE CHILDREN IN
  IMMIGRANT FAMILIES

by DONALD J. HERNANDEZ, Ph.D.
Professor of Sociology and Center for Social
Demographic Analysis University at Albany,
SUNY Email DonH_at_albany.edu Phone (518)
442-4668 Family to Family National
Conference Annie E. Casey Foundation Nashville,
TN May 5, 2006 Acknowledgements Suzanne
Macartney