Emergency Communications Requirements

1
Emergency Communications Requirements Christian
Ollivry Motorola Regulatory Office EMERGENCY
TELECOMMUNICATIONS WORKSHOP, ETSI , Sofia
Antipolis
2
Emergency Radiocommunications overall Objectives

• Provide Radiocommunications for
• Agencies dealing with
• Maintenance of law and order
• Response to emergency situation
• Safeguarding of life and property
• Agencies and organisations dealing with a serious
  disruption of the functioning of society
• Widespread threat of human life
• Health, property
• Environment
• Cooperation between countries for effective
  humanitarian assistance and support the need for
  developing countries

3
Emergency Radiocommunications

• Emergency Telecommunications why?
• Emergency Organisations
• Type of Interventions
• The ITU initiative
• Emergency Telecommunications Requirements
• Structural
• Technology
• Network
• Users
• Spectrum
• Organisational
• Conclusions

4
Typical Emergency Agencies or Organisations
International organisations
Gendarmes
Health care
Rescue teams
Firebrigades
Co-ordination
National Police
CIVIL DEFENSE
Traffic control
5
Emergency and Disaster Relief Interventions
International Cross border
Local
Rural, montaineous urban areas
Regional
National
6
Experience shows when human lives are at risk

• Rescue efforts hampered by
• Lack of common and dedicated frequencies
• No common equipment available
• No customised equipement
• Different approach when rescuing
• Border crossing and equipment shipment issues
• Commercial services congested during emergency
  and disaster
• Furthermore
• Future needs
• Wireless customised applications helping to fight
  risks and crisis
• Require high data rates (video streaming,
  multimedia)
• More international cooperation

7
Going forward under the ITU umbrella

• European Union, Americas, Asia-Pac intervention
  Agencies Organisations
• to

Harmonised radiocommunication frequencies Implemen
t interoperable solutions Within / cross-border
To save human lives and properties with all
available resources!
8
ITU-WRC 2003

• WRC 2003 Agenda item 1.3
• to consider identification of globally/regionally
  harmonized bands, () to meet the needs of
  public protection agencies including those
  dealing with emergency situations and disaster
  relief ()
• WRC 2000 Resolution 645
• to study, as a matter of urgency, identification
  of frequency bands that could be used on a
  global/regional basis to implement future
  solutions () dealing with emergency situations
  and disaster relief ()

9
ITU member state requirements

GERMANY UK KAZAKHSTAN BELARUS
NETHERLANDS HUNGARY TURKEY DENMARK
FRANCE
EMEA
ITALY ISRAEL RUSSIA
FINLAND IRELAND ESTONIA
SWITZERLAND AUSTRIA S. AFRICA
As well as other Organisations Other United
Nations Agencies, IARU, Interpol, CITEL, E.U.,
CEPT, APT, ETSI, 13 nation users group, Intl
Red Cross
CANADA USA
North America
GUATEMALA COLOMBIA MEXICO
PERU HONDURAS
BRAZIL
Latin America

INDIA THAILAND
SINGAPORE PNG
NEW ZEALAND CHINA
Asia Pacific
INDONESIA VIETNAM
HONG KONG JAPAN
KOREA AUSTRALIA
10
1) Structural requirements for Emergency
Telecommunications

1. National, local government responsibility
2. Respect of national legislation
3. Fullfil legal responsibilities (law enforcement,
   judiciary police,)
4. Meet organisations structure
5. Local, Regional, National, International/cross-bor
   ders
6. Centralised, decentralised
7. Group dispatch
8. Direct Mode Communications,
9. Operational autonomy
10. Relief Agencies and Organisations
11. National law enforcement agency
12. Etc.
13. Users to maintain control

11
2) Emergency Technology Requirements

• ITU survey identified three basic
  groups/technologies
• Narrowband wide area networks. Digital voice
  and low speed data Telemetry, electrocardiograph,
  Dispatch alert, etc. (typically up to 30Kbits/s
  and channel bandwith of 25 KHz or less)
• Wideband wide area networks, Digital voice and
  medium speed data e.g. Near real time video,
  Sensory data, Vehicle status, Finger print
  (biometrics), Identifying persons, maps, medical
  records, etc. (typically up to 500 Kb/s and
  channel bandwith of 150-200 KHz)
• Broadband local/tailored area networks and hot
  spots. High quality digital real time video and
  very high speed data e.g. Video clip-on cameras
  used by in-building fire rescue, remote medical
  support, Surveillance of crime scenes including
  use of remote control robotic devices, etc.
  (typically from 1 to 100 Mb/s)

12
3) Main Network requirements for effective
mission compliance(all radiocommunication
services)

• Coverage
• Rural and urban populations or properties
• Ground to air, coasts, tunnels, undergrounds, all
  terrains
• From single site hot-spot to street-level
  services
• Network
• Spectrum resource availability
• Inter-operability and interworking between
  networks
• Roaming between networks of mobile and portable
  units
• Guaranteed access and full service continuity
• Authentification, security, traffic, data
  maintenance
• Redundancy
• Prompt capacity increase to coverage holes or
  survive loss of infrastructure
• Site security and Power source autonomy
• Security
• End-to-end encryption
• Crypto transparent

Security of personnels
13
4) Main users requirements for effective mission
compliance
PP1 Day to day operations PP2
Large Emergency or public events DR disasters
also from the PSS users ETSI 2001 questionnaire

• Features (all services)
  PP1 PP2 DR
• Calling modes (voice oriented)
• PTT (one touch) High High High
• Dispatch High High High
• Talk around or DMO Med High High
• Group Calls (one to many, dynamic
  calls) Med High High
• Priorities Med High High
• Pre-emption calls Med High High
• Instant call set up (in the order of 100s
  ms) Med High High
• Quality of Service
• Very High call set up success rate Med High High
• Robust terminals
• Dust, heat, shocks, Med High High
• Glove/easy manipulation Low High High
• Wide range of accessories Low High High
• Adapted to Fire-brigades, police, health care,
• rescue, law enforcement, etc.

14
4) Users requirements for effective mission
compliance (cont)
PP1 Day to day operations PP2 Large
Emergency or public events DR disasters
.also from project MESA SoR
WB
Wide band and broad band Features PP1 PP2 DR Mes
sages Person to person, one to many High High Hi
gh Priority intantaneous access High High High T
elemetry such as Location status, sensory data)
High Med High Data base interaction High High
Med Form based record query (criminal, license
plate) High High Med Form based incident report
High High High E-mail (with possible
attachments) Med Med Low Data talk around (on
scene communications) Med High High Data base
interaction Medical records, missing
person, High High High Text file
transfer Filing reports Med Med Med
Record on offenders High Med Low Image
transfer High High Med Data base
access High High High Video High
Video streaming (with simul voice
communications) High High High High resolution
imagery Low Low Med Robotic control Low Med
High
BB
15
5) Spectrum requirements

• Spectrum Methodology for digital approach
• Proposed to Administrations and users
• Steps includes identification of
• Areas to be covered
• Public protection and Disaster Relief populations
  penetration rates / type
• Advanced applications
• Quantify technical parameters
• Forecast spectrum needs through 2010s
• Estimates 01-02 (different cities, different
  densities)
• Narrow band 11 MHz to 50 MHz
• Wide band 4 MHz to 90 MHz
• Broad band 45 MHz to 175MHz
• Harmonisation of spectrum
• Economy of scales
• Spectrum efficiency
• Better Spectrum planning

16
Frequency band preliminary view (CEPT-FM) (1
preferred, 2 possible, 3 not considered)

• Band (MHz) Priority Service Remarks
• 3-30MHz 3 NB
• 66-88 2
• 148-174 2
• 380-385 1 Decision ERC 96
• 385-390 2 Military
• 406.1-430 2 NB/WB
• 440-470 3
• 746-806 3
• 806-869 3
• 870-876 2 Military
• 4200-4400 3
• 4200-4400 2
• 4400-4950 3 BB
• 4950-4990 2 FCC 14th Feb 02
• 5150-5875 3

17
6) Network organisations requirements
 
Network Ownership Operator Users Spectrum Allocation
PP organisation (s) PP organisation (s) PP Exclusive PP organisation(s)
PP organisation (s) Private PP Exclusive PP organisation(s)
Commercial Private PP Exclusive PP organisation(s)
Commercial Private Shared with PP priorities PP organisation(s) or operator
Commercial Private PP as  regular subscriber  Operator
 
18
Typical Public Protection Mission alternatives

• Dedicated network
• (100 closed  intranet  like)
• Mission critical intervention
• Disaster
• National duty
• Rescue
• Over the scene accident
• Government Intelligence
• Outside network communications

• Commercial network
• (100 open  internet  like)
• Day-to-day operations
• Large public event
• Partial emergency handling

19
Success is close co-operation between
Administration and manufacturers

• Preparation on a national basis
• Study the frequency solutions
• Technical alignment to be studied
• Coordination through technical and preparatory
  groups
• Users
• National administrations, CEPT
• Manufacturers
• Standardization bodies, ETSI
• Participation in ITU
• WRC 2000
• Resolutions, agenda
• ITU-R WP 8A, CPM
• Draft, proposals
• WRC 2003
• Discussions on harmonized frequency bands

20
ITU agenda and step forwards

• WRC 2000 Approved agenda item 1.3 for WRC 2003
• Oct 01- Feb 02 WP-8A
• Draft of CPM text and PDNA including
• Spectrum Requirements Calculation
• Candidate Bands
• User Requirements
• Feb 02 8F Liaison with 8A
• May 02 WP 8A Finalise CPM
• Oct 02 CPM
• WRC 2003 Obtain decision according to res. 645
• ITU Resolution/foot note
• gt 2003 Implementation

• CEPT- ETSI agendas running in parallel.

21
Emergency Communications

• Established harmonised communication benefits
• Improve citizens day-to-day security
• Better response to emergency situations
• Support needs for developing countries
• Economy of scale
• The users with their administrations are taking
  increasing ownership.
• They will decide!

22
Contacts

• ITU http//www.itu.int/ITU-R/
  (WP8A-3)
• MESA www.projectmesa.org
• ETSI www.etsi.org
• E.C. http//europa.eu.int/comm/environment/civil/
  

Thank you! Merci!