Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: part 2 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: part 2

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Interconnect homologous structures in the two hemispheres. Corpus Callosum ... Dorsal horn - sensory input. Lateral horn - autonomic N.S. Ventral horn - motor output ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: part 2


1
Anatomy of theCentral Nervous System part 2
  • Lecture 11

2
Telencephalon - Cortex
  • Gray Matter
  • Somas and Dendrites
  • Neocortex - 6 layers
  • Sensory input ---gt layer IV
  • Motor output ---gt layer V
  • Paleocortex - 2 or 3 layers

3
Telencephalon - Fiber Systems
  • White Matter - myelinated axons
  • 3 types of fiber systems
  • Commissural
  • Association
  • Projection

4
Commissural Fibers
  • Interconnect homologous structures in the two
    hemispheres
  • Corpus Callosum
  • Anterior and Posterior
  • Hippocampal

5
Anterior
Anterior
6
  • Association Fibers
  • interconnect cortical areas within each
    hemisphere
  • Projection Fibers
  • all other fiber systems
  • Fornix
  • Corticospinal tract
  • Mammillothalamic tract
  • Naming convention

7
Hemispheres Left Right
Association
Commissural
Projection
8
The Limbic System
  • Emotion
  • Learning Memory
  • Structures
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Hippocampus
  • Cingulate gyrus
  • Amygdala
  • Fornix

9
Limbic System
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Fornix
Thalamus Hypothalamus
Amygdala
10
Basal Ganglia
  • Extrapyramidal Motor System
  • Caudate
  • Putamen
  • Globus Pallidus
  • Claustrum
  • Amygdala
  • no motor function

11
Caudate
Amygdala
12
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13
Diencephalon
  • Surrounds third ventricle
  • Thalamus
  • sensory and motor relay nuclei
  • Hypothalamus
  • motivation emotion

14
Thalamus
  • Lateral Geniculate Nuclei - LGN
  • vision
  • Medial Geniculate Nuclei - MGN
  • audition
  • Ventroposterior Nuclei - VPL VPM
  • somatosensation
  • Massa Intermedia - crosses midline

15
Hypothalamus
  • 4Fs
  • feeding
  • fighting
  • fleeing, and ...
  • mating
  • Controls the pituitary gland

16
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17
Diencephalon thalamus
Massa Intermedia
MGN
LGN
18
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
19
Mesencephalon
  • Surrounds cerebral aqueduct
  • Tectum
  • Superior Colliculi - vision
  • Inferior Colliculi - audition
  • Tegmentum

20
Superior Colliculi
Inferior Colliculi
Tectum
21
Tegmentum
  • Periaqueductal Gray - pain
  • Reticular Formation - sleep and arousal,
    attention
  • Red Nucleus and Substantia Nigra - motor system
  • Ventral Tegmental Area - VTA - reinforcement

22
Metencephalon
  • Surrounds fourth ventricle
  • Cerebellum
  • coordinates movements
  • Pons
  • Sleep and arousal
  • Reticular formation

23
Cerebellum
Pons
24
Myelencephalon
  • Medulla - Vital Centers
  • Reticular formation

Medulla
25
Spinal Cord
White Matter
Gray Matter
Central Canal
26
Spinal Cord
Dorsal
Horns
Dorsal
Lateral
Ventral
Ventral
27
Spinal cord
  • Dorsal horn - sensory input
  • Lateral horn - autonomic N.S.
  • Ventral horn - motor output
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