Immigrants and Precarious Employment, Public Outreach Project

1
Immigrants and Precarious Employment,Public
Outreach Project

• Overview of Data
• Meeting with Partners
• Sept. 26, 2008

2
Outline/Agenda

• Concept maps
• Measuring precarious work
• IPW over time
• Unpacking IPW over time
• Relationship between selected variables and IPW
  (for current job)

3
Concept Map Differential Social Inclusion
Racialization and racism
Government Policy
Ethnic-racial identity
Immigration Status
Human Capital Socioeconomic Status Pre-migration
Canada
Social Inclusion
Employment Precarious?
Social Networks
Income
Gender
Civic Engagement volunteering
Social Citizenship use of services
Language/ Accent
Neighbourhood
Time in Canada
Transnational Commitments
Family Household
4
Concept Map Immigrants Precarious Work
Pre-migration (T1)
Early Settlement (T2)
Current (T4)
1 Stable Job (T3)
Current Work
Pre-Migration Work
Class, education, social capital, language
Personal Networks
Early Work
Institutionally Mediated Networks
Strategies
Resources Obligations
Education Civic Engagement Volunteering
Household composition, TN obligations
Networks
5
Precarious Work

• Multi-dimensional
• Primary indicators - work based, terms of
  employment
• Secondary indicators, health

6
Dimensions of Precarious Employment

• Primary Indicators from literature
• Terms of employment (contract/subcontracting, not
  permanent, PT, tied to one employer, temp.
  agency)
• Self employment (consultant, small family
  business)
• Stability, predictability (know schedule?)
• Location of work (stable, shifting)
• Form of payment (cash, check)
• Basis for pay (salary, hourly, piece work)
• Unionization
• Benefits/coverage
• Secondary indicators
• Dangerous, health impacts?
• Opportunities for advancement?

7
Our Index of Precarious Work (IPW)

• 4 points in time
• Pre-migration
• First year - early settlement
• First stable job
• Possible that FSJ Job1
• Current job (job 1, job 2, job 3)

8
First Stable Job and Current JobIPW - 7 Variables

• Contract type (all except long term renewable
  union)
• Work arrangement (not self-employed small N or
  ft/pt for employer)
• How found job (temp agency)
• Place of work (Rs home/employer's home)
• Basis for pay (for job/contract or piece work)
• Form of payment (cash)
• Schedule (changes by day/wk/mth)

9
Early Work ExperienceIPW - 7 Variables

• Paid in cash (all or some of the time)
• Temporary, short term contract (yes)
• Temp agency (yes)
• Day labour (yes)
• Piece work (yes)
• Full time worker fixed hours (NO)
• Plan schedule week in advance (sometimes or never)

10
Pre MigrationIPW - 5 Variables

• Union (no)
• Self-employed (yes)
• Opportunities for advancement (no)
• Could not support myself/family (agree/strongly
  agree)
• Could not find a job in my field (agree/strongly
  agree)

11
IPW Distributions
12
Current Job 1 IPW Distribution
13
Early Work IPW Distribution
14
IPW Means
15
Pre-migration IPW
16
IPW over time, total sample
17
IPW over time, by region
18
IPW over time gender and region subgroups
19
Unpacking the IPW over time

• Do the components of the IPW vary over time?

20

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(No Transcript)
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Composition of IPW over time - stacked
23
Composition of IPW over time - overall
24
Immigrants Precarious Work

• Precarious in early work experience
• Improves in FSJ, mixed outcomes for current job
• Origin differences sharper than by gender
• High precariousness for Caribbean men in early
  work
• Question how important are terms of employment
  for precarious lives?

25
Age and IPW - current job

26
Occupation
27
IPW - occupation gender
28
Occupations over time
29
What happens to pre-migration professionals over
time?
30
Income
31
Income - IPW means
32
PW strategies resources and obligations
networks

• Resources and Obligations
• Education, entrance status, language
• Household composition, TN family, remittances
• Personal Institutional Networks
• Personal networks on arrival, over time
• Institutional contact, advice, social service
  agencies
• Strategies mobilization of resources networks
• Education, credential recognition, volunteering
  and similar efforts in Canada

33
Strategies -

• In what follows we present exploratory analysis
  regarding strategies. Note that work following
  the outline in slide 32 is underway.

34
Strategy education, training
35
Strategies education by origin
36
Vwork - IPW by hours
37
Strategy Vwork
38
Next steps

• Continue analysis
• Compare to census data (Ornstein report, Gender
  and Work Database)
• Explore links with TIEDE project

39
Next steps - today

• Community working group
• Breakout groups to define audiences, media,
  content, process
• Policy working group
• Define priority issues, policies, campaigns and
  timeline

40
The rest of the presentation is under
construction