Information Systems Organization Overview of Information Systems

1
Information Systems Organization - Overview of
Information Systems

• ?.??.????? ?????????
• Yunyong.T_at_Chula.ac.th
• 0-2218-6998

2
Part 1 of 4 - Evolution of Information Systems -
Hardware Paradigm
Currently Mainframe -- Miniaturization --gt
Palm Future Palm -- Distributed Systems --gt ??
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Computer - IT - IS The Evolution read pp.17 IS
vs. IT

• Computer - A box.
• Information Technology (IT) - A lot of boxes.
• Information Systems (IS) - A systems of boxes.

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Computer as a Box

• Computers as building blocks
• A car/computer is not useful by itself
• Roads, buildings, gas stations
• Supermarkets, hospitals, companies
• Parks, cinema, stadiums
• Action poster from PC World

5
IT as a Lot of Boxes

• Information Technologies (IT) are tools, like
  computer, used to build Information Systems
• Technology oriented
• More components/tools network, software,
  hardware, databases etc.
• None-centralized paradigm

6
IS as a Systems of Boxes

• Non-technical
• A Bus is not Tourism
• Moving, housing, feeding tourists is not Tourism
• A Systems is a Totality
• Business-oriented paradigm

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Definition of Information Systems read pp.4 Field
of IS

• Information Systems is a system that provides
  information for the needs of business operations
  and decision makings.

8
Evolution of Information Systems

• Evolution of printed-circuit board-size (photo)
• Mainframe - punched cards
• Terminals - text-mode
• Graphic terminals (tektronic 4010)
• Standards/Off-the-shelf - Minicomputer -
  Workstation
• PC/Micro - PC revolt - Client/server
• Browser - multi-tier computing

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On-Line Terminal-Based Computing

• Mainframe (photo) read pp. 77
• Punched cards (photo)
• Text/ASCII terminals On-Line (vs. Off-Line)
  (photo)
• Become corporate servers

10
Minicomputer

• Miniaturization (LSI - Large scale integration -
  photo)
• Standardization (VME bus - photo)
• Mini small Mainframe read pp. 78
• Become departmental servers

11
Graphic Terminals

• Graphic terminal (photo)
• Vector graphics vs. raster graphics
• Processing at Mainframe/Mini
• Extinct

12
All-in-one Graphic Computer

• Graphic computer minicomputer graphic
  terminal/screen
• Workstations
• Become microcomputers

13
Microcomputer (Action poster)

• IBM PC - a rebel (photo)
• Off-the-shelf (de facto standard)
• Cheap Open
• Widely used
• Cheap (economy of scale)
• Track Moores law (18 months)

14
Moores Law (photo)
15
PC Revolt

• Computer center said must be approved
• Department said buy a copier
• Large micro can have
• Database (dBASE)
• Graphic
• Spreadsheet
• Easy-to-use/develop software
• Corporate IS was split, and died.

16
Client/Server read pp. 244 What is C/S?

• Service-oriented computer center
• Data moves back to servers
• Micros become clients
• Graphic presentation
• Forms reports
• Fat clients

17
Multi-Tier Computing

• Standardization - again - on presentation -gt
  Browser/HTML
• Thin clients

Data Server (Mainframe)
Business-logic Server
Presentation Server
Browser (IE/Netscape)
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Network Computer (Fat Client Reborn) pp.78
NOW

• Standard is slow -gt downloaded client
• Network is slow -gt XMLHttpRequest (asynchronous
  request)
• HTML gt Java applet gt JavaScript gt flash gt Ajax
• Trend logindisplay in client/PC, data in server
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajax_(programming)