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Psychosomatic Model of Disease

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the mind ('psycho-') exerting its influence over the body ('soma ... Mind-Body Link. Physical Arousal. Physical Effects. HSS 4543 - Stress Management. Disease ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Psychosomatic Model of Disease


1
Psychosomatic Model of Disease
  • Why we worry so much about this phenomenon called
    stress!!

2
The stress response...
a natural, physiological survival mechanism.
3
Just what is the value of this survival response?
  • cardiovascular changes
  • respiratory changes
  • energy changes
  • muscular changes
  • pupil dilation
  • piloerection
  • sweaty palms

4
The Psychosomatic Model
  • the mind (psycho-) exerting its influence over
    the body (soma-)
  • the translation and conversion of one form of
    energy into another

5
Sensory Stimulus
Sensory Perception
Cognitive Appraisal
Emotional Arousal
Mind-Body Link
Physical Arousal
Physical Effects
6
Disease
7
And, the potential for somatopsychic effects
  • Body exerts its influence over the mind
  • the physiological effects as sensory stimuli
  • the identification of disease as sensory stimuli
  • Note the importance of cognitive appraisal

8
Generally speaking...
  • stressful events elicit generalized body arousal
  • stressors are appraised immediately at the
    hypothalamic level (i.e., for danger)
  • messages are conducted to higher limbic and
    cortical levels
  • feelings and thoughts may further stimulate
    arousal
  • appropriate body systems are enlisted to respond
    to the events

9
Generally speaking...
  • trophotropic (relaxation) mechanisms attempt to
    normalize response (i.e., homeostasis)
  • reticular arousal may continue, increasing CNS /
    PNS reactivity
  • any / all systems may develop a higher resting
    reactivity
  • body learns this response
  • learned response may continue as a prolonged
    response to other events

10
This model lays the foundation for
psychoneuroimmunology
  • the study of the intricate interaction among our
    consciousness (psycho), brain and nervous
    systems (neuro) and bodys internal and
    external defense mechanisms (immunology).

11
as well as for intervention.
avoidance social engineering prayer and
affirmation imagery
Sensory Stimulus ?
Sensory Perception ?
eye, ear skin protection
cognitive restructuring esteem
building assertiveness
Cognitive Appraisal ?
disputing irrational thoughts calming techniques
(e.g., QR, meditation)
Emotional Arousal ?
deep breathing exercises acupressure / massage
Physical Arousal ?
physical exercise progressive muscle relaxation
yoga
Physical Effects ?
12
Our challenge is to keep our balance by working
with stress!!
Personal Changes
Professional Changes
Volunteer Changes
Implementation
13
And finally, ask yourself these questions...
  • Who manages stress well?
  • What qualities (beliefs, attitudes, skills,
    behaviors) make that so?
  • What is your personal management style?
  • What can you add (or delete) from that style to
    help you cope better?
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