Integrated Approach to Pollution Control

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Integrated Approach to Pollution Control
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Outline

• Introduction Putting all together
• Cumulative effects
• NEPA standards
• Tools and Techniques
• Planning, EIA, EIS
• Compliance and Monitoring
• Strategic Management Approach
• Participatory Environmental Management
• Managing Environmental Change

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Introduction Putting all together

• Technical aspects
• Problem issues and management concerns
• Thematic Issues
• Air
• Water
• Clean up
• Waste
• Industry Specific
• Special Pollutants
• Permits and permitting process
• Regulations and standards
• Notices
• Worksheets
• Review Process
• Federal register http//www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/

• Monitoring and Reporting
• Example
• See what is your EPA doing
• http//www.epa.state.il.us/
• http//www.pca.state.mn.us/siteindex.html

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Cumulative effects

• NEPA standards and regulations
• Tools and Techniques
• Planning, EIA, EIS
• Appraisal of alternatives

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NEPA Guidelines

• NEPA 1969
• CONGRESSIONAL DECLARATION OF NATIONAL
  ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
• COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
• Refer Appendix A
• Topics of EIS
• Status of Environment
• Description of proposed Project
• Env Assessment
• Unavoidable Adverse Env impacts
• Secondary or indirect impacts
• Methods of reducing adverse impacts
• Alternatives to proposed project
• Irreversible commitments of energy and resources
• Consideration of public input and review

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Tools and Techniques

• Bringing science to EIA and EIS
• See separate hand out

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Tools and Techniques

• Questions, Interviews and Panels (Peoples
  expectations)
• Checklists (Potential impact areas in Columns
  Activities in rows)
• Matrices
• Network Analysis and Diagrams
• Modeling

• Trend analysis (baseline)
• Overlay Mapping and GIS
• Carrying Capacity Analysis
• Ecosystem Analysis
• Economic Impact Analysis

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Cumulative Effects Analysis Steps

• Describing affected Environment
• Use natural boundaries
• Focus on each affected resources, processes,
  ecosystem and human activity
• Determine Env Consequences
• Address additive, countervailing and synergistic
  impacts
• Look beyond project time line
• Address long-term sustainability and stewardship
  of the whole environment

• Scoping
• Embrace past present future
• Focus on each affected resource, processes,
  ecosystem and human activity
• Focus on truly meaningful effects

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Cumulative Effects Analysis Steps

• Describing affected Environment
• Characterize resources, ecosystems and human
  communities from scoping
• Characterize their stresses and their relation to
  regulatory thresholds
• Define baseline conditions for resources,
  ecosystems and human activities
• Determine Env Consequences
• Identify cause-effect relationship
• Determine magnitude and significance of
  cumulative effects
• Modify or add alternatives for mitigation
• Monitor and follow adaptive management

• Scoping
• Identify issues
• Establish geographic Scope
• Establish Time frame
• Identify other concerns affecting resources,
  processes, ecosystems and human dimension

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Compliance and Monitoring

• Polluter pays principle
• EIA and EIS
• Review and Audits

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Strategic Management Approach

• Mission
• Vision
• Results and deliverables
• Activities
• Business like delivery approach

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Strategic Management Approach

• Strategic Issues
• Identification
• Prioritization
• Choices
• Formulation of Strategic Plan
• Mission, Goal, Objectives
• Strategies
• Action Plan

• Strategic Planning and Management
• General Lessons Learned
• Institutional Analysis
• Objectives
• Logframe
• SWOT
• Stakeholders analysis

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Participatory Environmental Management

• Present Trends
• Notice of Intent
• Notice of availability
• Notice of Availability and Public hearing
• Ideal approach
• Stake holder identification
• Group planning
• SWOT (strength, weakness, Opportunity and
  Threats)
• Reaching a consensus
• Put people before technology

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Managing Environmental Change

• Manage cumulative Effects
• Link Present with Past
• Make a future desired condition
• Ensure monitoring (EMAP) and reporting
• Example http//www.pca.state.mn.us/hot/legis
  lature/reports/index.html
• Enforcement is also an integral part
• Eg. http//www.epa.state.il.us/cgi-bin/en/orders/o
  rders.pl
• Be forceful in justification and rationale

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Further reading

• http//ceq.eh.doe.gov/nepa/ccenepa/ccenepa.htm
• http//tis.eh.doe.gov/nepa/
• http//ceq.eh.doe.gov/nepa/regs/nepa/nepaeqia.htm
• http//www.pca.state.mn.us/siteindex.html
• http//www.whitehouse.gov/ceq/