AV 501

1
AV 501

• Graduate Seminar in AV
• Mike notes version
• by Mike Palecek
• mpalecek1_at_wi.rr.com
• michael.palecek_at_mcsinet.com

2
Trends

• Increasingly higher computer and imaging
  resolution
• Convergence of computers and traditional AV

3
LCD projectors
4
Resolution

• Increasingly higher computer and imaging
  resolution
• HDTV formats on the horizon

5
640x480 - VGAVideo Graphics Array
6
VGA - 640x480

• 1995 computer defacto standard
• Rarely still used

7
800x600 - SVGASuper Video Graphics Array
8
SVGA - 800x600

• 1998 computer defacto standard
• Still used in education because of screen
  readability
• Most websites are maximized for 800x600

9
1024x768 - XGAXtra Graphics Array
10
XGA - 1024x768

• Most laptops since 2000 use 14 inch (or larger)
  XGA displays
• Smaller print, harder to read

11
1280x1024 - SXGASuper Xtra Graphics Array
12
SXGA - 1280x1024

• Used in engineering, mathematical and scientific
  applications
• Very few LCD projectors output true SXGA
• May need to turn down refresh rate in Monitors
  Control Panel
• Newest laptops displays are SXGA

13
1600x1200 - UXGAUltra Xtra Graphics Array
14
UXGA - 1600x1200

• Used mainly in highest end engineering
  applications
• 2000x1500 is another emerging resolution
• Usually not readable by LCD projectors

15
Changing Resolution - Win98
16
Changing Resolution - Win98
17
Teaching about F-keys

• Function key with LCD or Monitor picture
• Hold down Fn key and the appropriate Function key
  (varies between laptops)
• Toggle 1 - Built-in display only
• 2 - Display and external monitor output (native
  panel resolution
• 3 - External monitor output only

18
Analog RGB video interface

• Standard since 1995
• (CGA BNC was prior standard for monochrome
  portable projectors)
• (RGBS and RGBHV were prior standards for CRT
  projectors - RGBHV still available on some
  projectors)
• Standard connector is HDD15

19
Analog RGB video interface
20
Digital RGB video interface (DVI)

• Emerging new standard
• Less than 10 of projectors have DVI interface
  (4/1/02)

21
HDTV 169 formats vs. NTSC 43 formats
22
NTSC formats

• Composite video
• S-Video (Y/C)
• Component video

23
Composite video

• RCA or BNC connector (usually YELLOW jack)
• Maximum of 400 lines of horizontal resolution

24
S-video (Y/C)

• Black Mini-Din 4 connector
• pins break easily
• Maximum of 800 lines of horizontal resolution
• Y luminance
• C chromanence

25
Component video

• Y (luminance)
• R-Y (red - luminance) R minus Y
• B-Y (blue - luminance) B minus Y

26
HD formats

• 1080i (interlaced)
• 720p (progressive scan)
• 480p (progressive scan)

27
HDTV 169 formats vs. NTSC 43 formats
28
HD formats

• Allows better resolution than NTSC video
• Therefore convergence with computers
• Wide screen (close to film, 1.851)
• Being gradually phased in by FCC in next 5 years

29
HD formats

• Cheapest source devices
• PBS, network TV simulcast, satellite TV
• Firefly (6000-ish, with MPEG encoder)
• HD VCRs are still over 20,000
• Transcoder boxes becoming available
• Still 2,000

30
HD formats

• Cheapest playback devices
• Plasma monitors (LCD CRT monitors coming, too)
• Most are 169 resolution
• Small screen sizes (40 5,000 - 6,000)
• (50 10,000-ish)
• LCD projectors
• Less than 10 currently do HDTV format
• usually 1080i
• letterbox-like look

31
LCD Projector Advantages

• Easy to operate / use / support
• Resolution compression techniques
• Getting brighter (improved brightness and color
  values)
• More affordable all the time
• Reliable
• Computer-based presentations are growing

32
LCD Projector Disadvantages

• Must match computer resolution to projector
  native resolution for best quality images
  - Refresh rate limits
• Easy to steal - DLP for 24x7 cinema
• Keystoning - Lamps are
• Requires setup space - ambient light control
• Jaggies - Short product life
• Needs audio support

33
Future of LCD projectors

• Cheaper, brighter, smaller
• DVI interface
• HD format
• Improved video processing
• IP interfacing (networkable internet appliance)

34
Future CAT5 interfacing
35
Future CAT5 interfacing

• Standard copper wiring distance is 200 feet
• CAT5 wiring distance is 2000 feet
• CAT5 interface allows for MPEG video distribution

36
Document cameras
37
Document Cameras

• The new opaque and overhead projector
• Use with a LCD projector or computer monitor
• Price 2,000 to 4,000 average
• Total range 1,000 - 20,000

38
Video Document Cameras

• Video S-Video
• Great at zooming into 1/3 of a page
• Great for use with videoconferencing
• Not so great for full page of text display

39
XGA Document Cameras

• Better for full page of text display
• Great at zooming into 2/3 of a page
• Some can be used for image scanning via USB port
  on PCs (Win98, Win2000, WinME, WinXP)
• Minus lower refresh rate (jaggie)

40
Electronic whiteboards

• Brainstorming tool
• Collaborative learning, NetMeeting
• Large input device
• 60 diagonal display device
• Annotation tool
• Meeting documentation tool
• Revenue opportunity

41
Brainstorming tool
42
Large input device
43
Annotation tool
44
Video conferencing

• PC videoconferencing
• Rollabout videoconferencing
• Installed codec videoconferencing
• Codec farm

45
PC videoconferencing
46
Rollabout videoconferencing
47
Installed codec videoconferencing
48
ISDN or IP

• ISDN - one ISDN phone line is 128KB (6 phone
  lines tied together)
• cost issues
• convenience issues
• IP - Internet Protocol
• network bandwidth/service issues
• INTERNET2 is an opportunity

49
MP

• Built-in multipoint codec units
• Video bridges
• Audioconference tie-in
• NetMeeting

50
Audioconferencing

• Inexpensive conferencing
• Tie-in to videoconferencing

51
Audio Solutions

• Line matching transformer
• Feedback eliminator (FBQ)
• Equalizer (EQ)
• Automatic mic mixer
• Diversity / UHF / Agile wireless mics

52
Line matching transformer

• Lets you plug a line level source (e.g. VCR,
  audio tape player, camcorder, computer) into a
  mic level sound system (e.g. your conference
  rooms)

53
Feedback eliminator (FBQ)

• Lets you eliminate feedback in an audio system

54
Equalizer (EQ)

• Lets you notch out distorted frequencies in
  your audio system, or accentuate certain
  frequencies (e.g. jazz bass).

55
Automatic gated mic mixer
56
Automatic gated mic mixer

• Greatly reduces feedback by turning off all (but
  one) open microphone
• Chairperson override feature lets you set one
  mic to override and have priority over all
  other mics
• Can be daisy chained together to make bigger
  systems
• For panel discussions and public meetings

57
Diversity / UHF / Agile wireless mics
58
Diversity... wireless mics

• Two antenna receiver
• (one antenna system is NON-diversity)
• Non-diversity system has dead spots where the
  audio cuts out, because waveforms cancel each
  other

59
UHF wireless mics

• More frequencies available than VHF wirreless
  mics (100 vs. 20). In most areas, half of VHF
  frequencies are also used by TV stations
• Less chance of interference than with VHF system.
  (Still must take UHF TV station frequencies into
  account)

60
Agile... wireless mics

• You can reset an agile frequency on the fly, so
  if theres interference, its quickly gone
• Dial up the new frequency on the receiver
• Pull out the battery on the transmitter and dial
  up the new frequency on the transmitter

61
Message boards

• Powerpoint and Leightronix
• AxisTV
• Crestron e-control

62
AxisTV
63
AxisTV
64
AxisTV

• Computer with specialized announcement software
  with composite video and RGB outputs
• Users can create and schedule their own
  announcements using a web browser
• You can have crawls on the bottom of the
  screen.
• Screen saver option

65
Crestron e-control

• LCD panels can be installed at the front door of
  each room
• Information can be pushed to each room via
  internet web browser

66
e-control

• AMX also offers an internet control solution
• The rapid growth in internet appliances and
  wireless networking will quickly change how we
  integrate AV in the next few years

67
Other considerations

• Advances in zoned audio
• Infrastructure issues

68
Advances in zoned audio

• CD changers (300 CDs)
• Satellite radio
• MPEG players

69
Infrastructure issues

• Acoustics, ambient noise
• Infrastructure
• Lighting
• Usage / interactivity
• Control
• Furniture (w/technology)

70
Contact

• Mike Palecek
• mpalecek1_at_wi.rr.com
• michael.palecek_at_mcsinet.com