Civil Liberties

1
Civil Liberties

• Overview
• Introduction
• Search for Happy Medium
• Fundamental Rights
• The Role of Courts
• Selected Civil Liberties

2
Civil Liberties

• Introduction
• a. Definitions
• b. Public Opinion
• - Abstract vs. Particular

3
Civil Liberties

• II. Search for the Happy Medium
• a. Comparative
• b. Individual and Society
• III. Fundamental Rights
• a. Examples
• b. Compelling Interest?

4
Civil Liberties

• IV. The Role of Courts
• a. Define Existing Rights
• b. Establish New Rights

5
Civil Liberties

• V. Selected Civil Liberties
• a. Religion
• 1. Establishment Clause
• - Everson v. Board of Education (1947)
• - PA v. Newman (2000)
• - Marsh v. Chambers (1985)
• - Future Issues?

6
Civil Liberties

• 2. Free-Exercise Clause
• - U.S. v. Seeger (1965)
• - WI v. Yoder (1972)
• - Employment Division of OR v.
• Smith (1990)
• - Future Issues?

7
Civil Liberties

• b. Freedom of Assembly
• 1. Equal Access
• - Widmar v. Vincent (1981)
• - Equal Access Act of 1984
• 2. Safety
• - Feiner v. NY (1951)

8
Civil Liberties

• c. Freedom of Speech
• 1. Two Exceptions--Threats,
• Defamation
• - NYT v. Sullivan (1964)
• - Schenk v. NY (1918)
• - Clear and Present Danger
• - Chaplinsky v. NH (1942)

9
Civil Liberties

• d. Freedom of the Press
• - NYT v. US (1971)
• - Prior Restraint
• - FCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978)

10
Civil Liberties

• e. Rights of the Accused
• - 4th - 8th Amendments
• - Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
• - Michigan State Police v. Sitz (1990)
• - Miranda v. AZ (1966)

11
Civil Liberties

• f. Right to Privacy
• 1. From Contraception to Abortion
• - Griswald v. CT (1965)
• - Roe v. Wade (1973)
• - Webster v. Reproductive Health
• Services (1989)
• 2. Other Issues
• - Lawrence v. TX (1986)

12
Civil Liberties

• g. Normal v. Radical Politics
• - Role of Institutions