Chapter 8 Lecture Slides

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8
Chapter
Instructors Notes for Chapter 8 TELECOMMUNICATI
ONS, NETWORKS, AND THE INTERNET MBA 505V Dr.
Segall Fall 2006
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OBJECTIVES

• What TECHNOLOGIES are used in telecommunications
  systems?
• What telecommunications transmission MEDIA should
  our organization use?
• How should our organization DESIGN its networks?

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OBJECTIVES

• Assess role of Internet in a firms IT
  infrastructure?
• IT Components of WWW.
• Tools for communication and
• e-Business

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OBJECTIVES

• Tools for communication and
• e-business?
• What are challenges posed by networking and the
  Internet management solutions?

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Telecommunications Networking in Todays
Business World

• Reference Section 8.1 pages 262-266
• System components
• Digital networking technologies
• Client/server computing
• packet switching

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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM

• What is Telecommunications?
• Communication of information by electronic means
• Includes digital data transmission as well as
  voice transmission

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD

• A networking and communications revolution led by
  Internet-based technologies
• 1 billion instant messages per day
• 4 billion e-mails each day
• 65 million music files downloaded

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD

• Estimated 3.9 billion photos sent over the
  Internet
• 769 billion spent in the United States on
  telecommunications equipment and services
• Today, networking and the Internet are synonymous
  with doing business.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD
Telecommunications spending in the United States,
20022007
Source Bureau of Economic Analysis, National
Income and Product Accounts, 2004 and eMarketer
and the Telecommunications Industry Association,
2004
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD
Corporate Network Infrastructure
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD
The Business Value of Telecommunications and
Networking
Business value impacts of the telecommunications
and Networking are

• Declining transaction costs
• Declining agency costs
• Increased agility

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD
The Business Value of Telecommunications and
Networking (Continued)

• Higher quality management decisions
• Declining geographical barriers
• Declining temporal barriers
• The extremely rapid growth in business networking
  and telecommunications results from the
  extraordinary value of participating in networks
  like the Internet.

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Contemporary Networking Instrastructure

• Reference pages 266-275
• Types of networks
• Network topologies
• Types of signals analog digital

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAYS
BUSINESS WORLD
Metcalfes Law Value vs. no. nodes
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Network Components

• Network Interface Card (NIC)
• Network Operating System (NOS)
• Switches
• Hubs
• Router

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Networks and Corporate Infrastructure

• A network consists of two or more connected
  computers.
• Each computer on the network contains a network
  interface device called a network interface card
  (NIC).
• The connection medium for linking network
  components can be a telephone wire, coaxial
  cable, or radio signal in the case of cell phone
  and wireless local area networks.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Networks and Corporate Infrastructure (Continued)

• The network operating system (NOS) routes and
  manages communications on the network and
  coordinates network resources.
• Networks also contain a switch or a hub acting as
  a connection point between the computers.
• Hubs are very simple devices that connect network
  components, sending a packet of data to all other
  connected devices.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Networks and Corporate Infrastructure (Continued)

• A switch has more intelligence than a hub and can
  filter and forward data to a specified
  destination. Switches are used within individual
  networks.
• A router is a special communications processor
  used to route packets of data through different
  networks, ensuring that the message sent gets to
  the correct address.

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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
Telecommunications System COMPONENTS

• Computers to process information
• Terminals or any input/output devices that send
  or receive data
• Communications processors
• Communications software

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Components of a Simple Network
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Key Digital Networking Technologies

• Client/Server Computing
• Packet Switching
• TCP/IP and Connectivity

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Client/Server Computing

• Client/server computing is a distributed
  computing model in which much of the processing
  power is located within small, inexpensive client
  computers.
• The powerful clients are linked to one another
  through a network that is controlled by a network
  server computer.
• The server sets the rules of communication for
  the network and provides every client with an
  address so others can find it on the network.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Packet Switching

• In packet-switched networks, messages are first
  broken down into small bundles of data called
  packets.
• These packets are sent along different
  communication paths and then the packets are
  reassembled once they reach their destinations.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Packet Switching (Continued)

• Packet switching makes more efficient use of the
  communications capacity of a network.
• The packets include information for directing the
  packet to the right address and for checking
  transmission errors along with the data.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Packed-Switched Networks and Packet
Communications
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Types of Networks
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Network Topologies
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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
FUNCTIONS of Telecommunications Systems

• Transmit information
• Establish interface between sender and the
  receiver
• Route messages along most efficient paths

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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
Types of Signals Analog and Digital

• Analog signal
• Continuous waveform
• Passes through communications medium
• Used for voice communications

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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
Types of Signals Analog and Digital

• Digital signal
• Discrete waveform
• Transmits data coded into two discrete states as
  1-bits and 0-bits
• Used for data communications
• Modem
• Translates computers digital signals into analog
  and vice versa

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
The TCP/IP Reference Model
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE
Physical Transmission Media
The different kinds of physical transmission
media used by the networks are

• Twisted Wire
• Coaxial Cable
• Fiber Optics and Optical Networks
• Wireless Transmission

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COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
Amplitude Modulation
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Section 8.3 The Internet

• Reference pages 276-287
• Internet Addressing
• Domain Name System (DNS)
• Internet Services
• Internet Business Value
• 7 Unique Features of Internet Technology Table
  8-7.
• Intranets Extranets

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Internet Addressing, Architecture, and Governance
(Continued)
The Domain Name System

• DNS servers maintain a database containing IP
  addresses mapped to their corresponding domain
  names.
• To access a computer on the Internet, users need
  only specify its domain name.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
The Domain Name System
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Limitations on IP Addresses IPv4 and IPv6

• Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) A 32-bit
  string of numbers organized into four sets of
  numbers ranging from 0 to 255 contains up to 4
  billion addresses
• Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) 128-bit
  addresses, contains over a quadrillion possible
  unique addresses

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Internet Architecture
Internet Network Architecture
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Section 8.3 The Internet

• Reference pages 276-287
• Usenet newsgroups similar to Blackboard6
• Listserv
• Chat Instant messaging
• Telnet
• FTP File Transfer Protocol

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Major Internet Services

• E-mail Person-to-person messaging document
  sharing
• Usenet newsgroups Discussion groups on
  electronic bulletin boards
• LISTSERVs Discussion groups using e-mail mailing
  list servers
• Chatting and instant messaging Interactive
  conversations

Table 8-6
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Major Internet Services (Continued)

• Telnet Logging on to one computer system and
  doing work on another
• FTP Transferring files from computer to computer
• World Wide Web Retrieving, formatting, and
  displaying information (including text, audio,
  graphics, and video) using hypertext links

Table 8-6 (Continued)
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
Client/server Computing on the Internet
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
THE INTERNET
The Internet and Business Value

• The World Wide Web
• Hypertext
• Web servers
• Searching for information on the Web

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Section 8.4 Technologies Tools for
Communication E-Business

• Reference pages 287-291
• Groupware
• Teamware
• Electronic Conferencing Tools
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
• Unified Messaging Systems

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
Groupware, Teamware, and Electronic Conferencing

• Groupware Provides capabilities for supporting
  enterprise-wide communication and collaborative
  work
• Teamware Enables companies to implement
  collaboration applications easily that can be
  accessed using Web browser software

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
Groupware, Teamware, and Electronic
Conferencing (Continued)

• Electronic conferencing tools Provides a virtual
  conference table where participants can view and
  modify documents and slides or share their
  thoughts and comments using chat, audio, or video
  

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
Internet Telephony

• Internet telephony Enable companies to use
  Internet technology for telephone voice
  transmission over the Internet or private
  networks
• Voice over IP (VoIP) technology Uses the
  Internet Protocol (IP) to deliver voice
  information in digital form using packet
  switching
• Unified messaging systems Combine voice mail,
  e-mail, and faxes so they can all be obtained
  from one system

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
How IP Telephony Works
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
The Growth of Internet Telephony
Source Infotech and authors.
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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
Virtual Private Networks

• A virtual private network based on the Internet
  Protocol provides a secure connection between two
  points across the Internet, enabling private
  communications to travel securely over the public
  infrastructure

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND
E-BUSINESS
A Virtual Private Network using the Internet
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Section 8.5 Management Opportunities, Challenges
Solutions

• Reference pages 292-295
• Opportunities to develop new business models
• Challenges of scalability, reliability, and
  security.
• Solutions to develop a strategic networking plan.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND
SOLUTIONS
Management Opportunities

• Firms have the opportunity to radically reduce
  the cost of communicating with their employees,
  vendors, and customers. There are many new
  opportunities to develop new business models
  based on the new telecommunications technologies.

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND
SOLUTIONS
Management Challenges

• Loss of management control
• Organizational change requirements
• Scalability, Reliability, and Security

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Management Information Systems Chapter 8
Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND
SOLUTIONS
Solution Guidelines

• Developing a strategic networking plan
• Managing the change

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Chapter
Instructors Notes for Chapter 8 TELECOMMUNICATI
ONS, NETWORKS, AND THE INTERNET MBA 505V Dr.
Segall Fall 2006