Tailor Made Skin Care Via Skin Gene Test

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SKIN GENOMIC TEST PREMIUM

• I. Basic Information
• I.1. Identification and Practitioner

Tailor Made Skin Care Via Skin Gene Test
I.2. Clinical Data
Classified as Normal, dry, oily, complex (Dry
in T zone oily in U zone), sensitive.
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II. Summary of Result, Interpretation and
Recommendation
II.1. Result Summary Table
Tailor Made Skin Care Via Skin Gene Test

• II. 2. Result Interpretation and Major findings
• Very poor skin condition
• Accelerated skin aging (skin age 45 years vs.
  chronological age 37 years)
• Loss of skin barrier elasticity, poor moisture
  retention, low antioxidant, low cell growth
  activity, DNA damage, increased pigmentation and
  inflammation.
• II.3. Recommendation Summary
• 1) Special skin rejuvenation program, including
  massage, life style changes (i.e. smoking
  avoidance, etc) , avoid sun exposure, protect
  the skin from UV damage by using topical
  sunscreen/ moisturizer/ hydroxy acid/
  triretinoids/ vitamin C/copper, oral antioxidant
  Vit D calcium supplement, tyrosinase
  inhibitor, Mesotherapy of growth
  factors/antioxidants (GFSR),
• 2) Consider resurfacing procedure (laser, etc)
  and peeling, filler, etc (Discuss with your
  medical practitioner).
• 3) Follow up test after appropriate skin care
  

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III. Purpose of the Test
A variety of methods have been developed to
assess the status of the skin and to investigate
the efficacy of cosmetics and skin care programs.
Primarily practitioners look for visual and
structural changes of the skin. In addition,
instrumental analysis of skin image (computer
assisted), coloration, dermal elasticity, blood
flow, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL),
hydration, ultrasound, etc are also being used to
identify skin status. However, we have no
reliable objective tool to assess status and
condition of skin. A variety of cosmeceutical
products and skin care products are on the market
which claim antiaging and rejuvenation effect on
the skin and remarkable safety. However, we have
no reliable objective tool to test the efficacy
and safety of these products. All cells express
a specific set of genes (RNAs) which code and
produce for a specific set of proteins which in
turn define the structure and function of that
particular cell type. In addition, gene
expression profile of specific type of cells
decide whether those cells are healthy or
affected by diseases, young or aging. For
example, in the young skin, dermal fibroblast
express mRNA for collagen, whereas in aged skin
the fibroblast express less mRNA for collagen and
more mRNA of collagenase. Gene chips are novel
tools to analyze expression or mutation of tens
of thousands of genes simultaneously. Use of gene
chips allow more accurate evaluation of
structure, function, physiology and pathology of
skin tissue. Goodgene has developed a gene chip
and real time and quantitative RNA PCR, capable
of analyzing the expression of multiple genes
which play a key role in the barrier function,
hydration, metabolism, DNA damage and repair,
growth and death, aging, wrinkle formation,
immunity and inflammation, pigmentation and
carcinogenesis of the skin. This novel in vitro
test system provides more accurate and objective
information on conditions and diseases of the
skin than conventional tests. It uses a specially
designed skin tape for obtaining and transporting
skin samples. It is simple, quick and cost
effective. It also aids the practitioner to
formulate the best clinical diagnosis and
intervention plan suitable for each individual
genetic profile. (See following figures). .
Tailor Made Skin Care Via Gene Test
Sampling of hair follicle root, Gene analysis of
expression SNPs
Report with tailor made Skin care, Cosmetics
mesotherapy,- Drug, Nutritional supplements
Maintain skin health, prevent and treat skin
aging in the best and most cost effective way
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IV. How The Skin Gene Test Was Done
Tailor Made Skin Care Via Skin Gene Test
In the present skin gene test, we analyzed the
expression and/or SNiP of a number of genes which
play a key role in the structure and function of
the skin barrier, regulation of moisture,
elasticity, growth and apoptosis, DNA repair,
free radical scavenger/antioxidant, immunity and
pigment production. This was possible by using a
skin gene biochip.
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.1. Elasticity and Wrinkle Your skin was
found to display significantly decreased levels
of gene expression for major dermal proteins
(collagen I, III and VII) and tissue inhibitors
of metalloproteinase type I and II (TIMP-1 and
TIMP-2), increased level of gene expression for
collagenase, gelatinase and elastase
(metalloproteinase) than normal skin tissues in
your age group. This means that your skin had
lost large amounts of dermal protein, usually
caused by an accelerated aging process. The
over-exposure to sun (UV light, so called.
photo-aging) and toxic environmental agents,
smoking and an unhealthy diet might have
contributed to the accelerated skin aging
process. This event induces a decrease of skin
elasticity and increased formation of wrinkles,
leading to a decreased water conserving capacity
of the dermis and dehydration of the skin. To
reverse and prevent the aging process of the
skin, you must avoid over-exposure to sun light
and quit smoking. Use of suncreen lotions with
high sun protective factor value (SPF gt 30) is
necessary on exposure to strong sun light. A
moisturizer will also be of help. A variety of
cosmoceuticals can be of help, these include
vitamin or related antioxidants (Vit C, Vit E,
alpha lipoic acid, niacinamide, glutathione,
ubiquinone, selenium idebenone), or botanical
antioxidants (components of soy, curcumin, green
tea, silymarin, pycnogenol, lycopene, rosmarinic
acid, hypericin, ellagic acid). A variety of
nutraceuticals with antioxidant activity can be
also taken orally. Chemoexfoliative, including
retinoids (Vit A), furfuryladenine and alpha
hydroxy acids is also recommended. Some cellular
regulators, including growth factors (basic FGF,
etc), signal peptides which inhibit collagenase
activity (Pal-KTTKS, collagen I fragment) and
neurotransmitter inhibitors (argireline which
displays a similar action to botulinum toxin)
may be also of help. As a potential therapy to
regenerate dermal collagen and rejuvenate skin
tissue, we also recommend mesotherapy by using a
special mesosolution, GFSR, which is a complex of
a variety of growth factors (KGF, basic FGF,
VEGF, stem cell factor), collagen I and III,
biopolymer, vitamin and botanical antioxidants
and minerals (coppers, etc). Vitamin D and
calcium supplements are also recommended to
support underlying bone of the face. If you want
more invasive therapy, you should discuss your
options with your health practitioner and you may
consider peeling, filler, autologous fat
transfer, face-lift or resurfacing by using laser
treatment.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Score RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.2. Moisture and Skin Barrier Function Skin
is primarily a barrier to protect internal organs
from external hazards and to minimize loss of
water. The most important component of the skin
barrier is the stratum corneum. The two
components of stratum corneum, cellular
(corneocytes) and extracellular lipid bilayer,
are primarily acting as a skin barrier. There are
2 types of water conserving mechanism in skin
one is stratum corneum and the other is the
dermis. In the startum corneum, two factors play
a major role One is the natural moisturizing
factors (NMF), which consist of amino acids made
from filaggrin, PCA, lactate, etc The other are
lipid components which usually consist of
ceramide, free fatty acids and cholesterol. The
stratum corneum constantly reacts to
environmental changes to turn over NMF and lipid
components in order to maintain the balance of
the water content of the skin. When there is a
defect in production of NMF or lipid components,
trans-epidermal loss of water develops, resulting
in xerotic skin change, characterized by drying,
scaling and associated pruritus. In dermis,
glycosaminoglycans, especially hyaluronic acid
conserves water with remarkable potency. A number
of molecules, including hyaluronic acid
synthase-3 (HAS3), aquaporin-3 (AQP3 water
channel protein), filaggrin, lipid synthesizing
enzyme, etc play important roles in maintaining
the water content of the skin. Your skin
was found to express significantly decreased
level of gene expression for filagrin, acetyl
CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, AQP3 and
HAS3 as compared with normal skin tissues found
in your age group. This means that your skin
displays a defect in the skin barrier and is
loosing excessive amounts water, leading to
xerotic and excessively dry skin. Some systemic
diseases, including diabetes mellitus and
hypothyroidism and atopic dermatitis can account
for these findings. To reverse and prevent
dehydration of the skin, you must avoid exposure
to strong cleansing agents. Moisturizing
cosmetics are of course recommended. It is
difficult to choose any one product. A rule of
thumb is to try a combination of both occlusive
and humectant ingredients. In addition, an
emollient ingredient is often added with
satisfactory results for the patient. For
example, a complex of petrolatum/dimethicone/glyce
rine is used with an emollient of choice and
usually applied as day time lotion and night time
cream. To replace lipid bilayer of the sctratum
corneum, topical application of a complex of
ceramide/fatty acid/cholesterol can be of help.
To replace defect of hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic
acid can be injected by using a mesotherapy
applicator or even a filler. For an appropriate
treatment choice, please discuss with your
health practitioner.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Score RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.3. Cell Growth, Death and carcinogenesis
Cellular component of skin is, as other tissue,
under the constant influence of a balance of
growth and death. In other words, the positive
components of growth, including growth factors,
angiogenic factors, oncogene like bcl2 and the
negative components of growth, including tumor
suppressor gene, especially p53 maintain the
homeostasis. Skin is under the constant threat of
UV-induced carcinogenesis and thus DNA repair
gene plays a critical role in the prevention of
cancer. Test of expression and mutation of those
molecules involved in cell growth, cell death,
DNA repair and carcinogenesis are crucial to
understand conditions of the skin. Your
skin was found to express significantly decreased
level of gene expression for keratinocyte growth
factor, epidermal growth factor, vascular
endothelial growth factor and bcl2 and increased
expression of p53. However, no mutation of p53
was found. This means that your skin displays a
defect in cell growth and stem cell activity and
higher rate of cell death, which contributes to
the accelerated aging of your skin. However, the
good thing is that you have no evidence of
carcinogenesis in the skin. Diabetes mellitus
could account for these findings and should be
ruled out. To reverse the enhanced death
process and recover growth capacity, growth
factors or hormones may be recommended. We
recommend mesotherapy by using a special
mesosolution, GFSR, which is a complex containing
a variety of growth factors (KGF, basic FGF,
VEGF, stem cell factor), collagen I and III,
biopolymer, vitamin and botanical antioxidants
and minerals (coppers, etc). In addition, you may
consider growth hormone replacement. For
an appropriate choice of treatment, you should
discuss your options with your health
practitioner. Please also check serum level of
glucose to rule out diabetes mellitus.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Score BLUE ZONE, good group
Scores RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.4. Antioxidant and DNA repair One of the
most probable theory of aging in the skin is, as
in other tissues, states that accumulation of
free radicals induces damage vital components of
cell, including DNA, proteins and lipids. Free
radicals also induces mutation of DNA. We have a
variety of defense mechanism against these
insults, two of most important examples are (1)
antioxidant and (2) DNA repair proteins. The main
examples of antioxidants include (1) intrinsic
natural ones (superoxide dismutase, glutathione
enzymes, catalase. Thioredoxin, etc) and
extrinsic factors derived from our diet (Vit E,
Vit C, selenium, etc). When there is a defect in
the intrinsic antioxidant mechanism and if there
is no compensatory supply of external
antioxidants, the skin cells can develop
accelerated aging. DNA repair gene plays a
critical role in repair of free radical induced
DNA damage and in the prevention of aging and
cancer. The tests of the expression of these
molecules involved in the defense of skin,
antioxidant and DNA repair, are crucial to
understand the conditions of the skin. Your
skin was found to express significantly decreased
level of gene expression for superoxide
dismutase-type 2, glutathione reductase,
glutathione-S transferase, etc, and increased
expression of p53. This means that your skin
displays a defect in intrinsic antioxidant
activity probably caused by high level of stress,
which requires external supply of antioxidants.
However, you show no defects in DNA repair.
To reverse and prevent the aging process of the
skin, you must avoid over-exposure to sun light
and quit smoking. Use of sunscreen lotions with
high sun protective factor value (SPF gt 30) is
necessary on exposure to strong sun light. A
moisturizer will also be of help. A variety of
antioxidant cosmoceuticals will be of help, these
include vitamin or related antioxidants (Vit C,
Vit E, alpha lipoic acid, niacinamide,
glutathione, ubiquinone, selenium, idebenone), or
botanical antioxidants (components of soy,
curcumin, green tea, silymarin, pycnogenol,
lycopene, rosmarinic acid, hypericin, ellagic
acid). A variety of nutraceuticals with
antioxidant activity can be also taken orally. We
also recommend mesotherapy by using a special
mesosolution, GFSR, made up of a complex variety
of growth factors, biopolymers, vitamins,
botanical antioxidants and minerals. For and
appropriate choice, you should discuss your
options with your health practitioner.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Score YELLOW ZONE, normal group
Score RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.5. Inflammation Normal skin maintains a
balance of immune defense mechanisms. Immune
enhancing or pro-inflammatory molecules include
interleukin-1(IL1a), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-a,
COX2, NFkB, interferon-g, etc. Immune-suppressing
or anti-inflammatory includes IL-10. These pro-
and anti-inflammatory molecules usually maintain
a fine tuned balance. If the pro-inflammatory
molecules dominates, the skin can develop a
variety of autoimmune based diseases or skin
hypersensitivity, whereas, if anti-inflammatory
molecules dominate, bacterial or fungal
infections can easily develop. Your skin
was found to express significantly decreased
levels of gene expression for IL-1a, IL-4, IL-6,
NF-kB, TNF-a, and normal expression of IL-10.
This means that your skin displays increased
activity of inflammatory activity which might
have developed secondary to increased free
radical attack and reflects accelerated
photoaging process. To combat excessive
inflammation, a variety of antioxidant
cosmoceuticals will be of help, these include
vitamin or related antioxidants (Vit C, Vit E,
alpha lipoic acid, niacinamide, glutathione,
ubiquinone, selenium, idebenone), or botanical
antioxidants (components of soy, curcumin, green
tea, silymarin, pyconogel, lycopene, rosmarinic
acid, hypericin, ellagic acid). A variety of
nutraceuticals with antioxidant activity can be
also taken orally. For an appropriate treatment
choice please discuss with your health
practitioner.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Inflammation
Score RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations
V.6. Pigmentation Hyperpigmentation is a
common skin problem which results from excessive
melanin deposition by melanocyte via the action
of tyrosinase. Hyperpigmenation may be due to UV
light exposure, drugs, chemicals or can be a
sequel to acne, trauma, chemical peels, laser.
Your skin was found to express significantly
increased level of gene expression for
tyrosinase. This means that your skin increased
activity of hyperpigmenation .. To treat
and prevent hyperpigmentation, a variety of
depigmenting agents, including trenitoin
(inhibits tyrosinase gene expression) or
tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor (hydroquinone,
azeleic acid, kojic acid, etc) are widely used.
In addition, various natural cosmecuticals,
including bearberry, mulberry and soy can be of
help. Vitamin C, melatonin, glycolic acid and
aloesin are also of help. Commonly triple
combination of retinol 0.15, 4 hydroquinone and
UVA and UVB sunscreens are being used to treat
hyperpigmentation. For and appropriate choice of
treatment please discuss with your health
practitioner.
Tailor Made Skin Care via Gene Test
Pigmentation
Belong to RED ZONE, high risk group
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V. Results Analysis and Interpretations

• V.7. Skin age and conclusion

Tailor Made Skin Via Gene Test
You were found to have a very poor skin
condition. Your chronological age is 37,5 years,
but your skin age was rated much higher at 44
years of age. Your skin displays a defect in
the skin barrier of the stratum corneum and the
maintenance of moisture. You have expressed a
defect in collagen production in the dermis and
an excessive break down of dermal collagen, which
might have arisen as a result of photoaging
damage. Your skin also displays a defect in the
antioxidant mechanism which might have
contributed to accelerated skin aging. However,
DNA repair mechanism is intact and there is no
evidence of carcinogenesis in the skin. You have
been shown to have a decreased cell growth and
stem cell activity and intact cell death
activity. Your skin displays and increased
inflammatory activity. Your skin showed
hyperpigmentation. Your skin requires a special
rejuvenation program.
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VI. Recommended Skin Care Program
Your skin is in a high degree of accelerated skin
aging (RED ZONE, CAUTION ZONE). You need highly
active care to treat and prevent progression of
skin aging.
VI.1. General principles to maintain the skin in
a healthy condition

• Keep your skin clean and have a skin massage on a
  regular basis.
• Dont use strong cleansing agents
• Dont skip meals.
• Maintain a good nutritional balance.
• Eat meals easy to digest, especially during
  breakfast.
• Dont over-eat and dont eat for two hours before
  sleep.
• Have sufficient rest and avoid psychological
  stress
• Health foods for the skin
• 1. Foods to improve your skin
• Seaweed, fish, black sesame, black soybean,
  brown rice, walnut, Chinese mat, tangle, laver,
  green tea, fermented foods, yogurt
• 2. Foods for stimulating healthy growth and to
  reduce aging.
• Shell fish, meat, fish, garlic, onion,
  pepper, spinach, fruits, spinach, carrot.
  pumpkin, tomato. egg, milk
• 3. Foods for helping blood circulation
• Fresh vegetables, wild edible greens,
  fruits, meat, fish, shell fish, Chinese cabbage,
  unripe pepper and tuna, anchovy, saury, mackerel
• 4. Foods for supplying nutrients to the skin
• Green yellow vegetables, brown rice,
  fruits and vegetables
• 5. Foods for stimulating skin growth.
• Avoid further damage to your skin

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VI. Recommended Skin Care Program
VI.2. Recommended Tailor made regimen for your
skin

• 1. Basic principle
• Avoid over-exposure to sun light and quit
  smoking.
• Use of sunscreen with high SFP value (gt 30) on
  exposure to sun light.
• 2. Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
• 1) Cleansing Formulations
• 2) Moisturizers
• 3) Vitamins and anti-oxidants
• Vit C,
• Vit E,
• Selenium
• Alpha lipoic acid,
• Glutathione
• Ubiquinone
• Niacinamide,
• Idebenone
• 4) Botanical antioxidants
• Soy

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VI. Recommended Skin Care Program
VI.2. Tailor made regimen for your skin

• 3. Dietary regimen
• Eat nutrient dense diets
• Eat a variety of fresh, whole foods
• Eat quality protein
• Eat a variety of non starchy vegetables
• Eat a variety of non starchy fruits
• Consume only healthy oils and fats
• Drink clean water and Green Tea
• Eat organic food whenever possible
• Restrict or avoid refined carbohydrates and
  sugars and limit your intake of all processed
  carbohydrates.
• Minimize your consumption of highly refined
  cooking oils.
• Avoid all foods with partially hydrogenated
  vegetable oils and trans fats.
• Consume a higher proportion of fermented and raw
  foods.
• 4. Nutraceuticals
• Omega 3 fish oils
• Vitamin C 1gm tid PO