Nanotechnology In Telecommunications

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Nanotechnology In Telecommunications

• The Future Small Technology
• In Our Daily Lives
• Groups 13 14

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The Nano Scale-A NANOMETER1 billionth of a
meter-100,000 times thinner than a strand of
human hair-More than 6000 nanometers could fit
on a head of a pin
What will it do?
The Nano Scale
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The Early History
1959-Richard Feynman introduces the concept of
molecular machines building with atomic
precision 1974-Taniguchi uses term
"nano-technology" in paper on ion-sputter
machining 1977-Eric Drexler originates molecular
nanotechnology by Binnig and Rohrerthis allowed
individual atoms to be clearly identified for the
first time. 1986concepts at MIT 1981 -The
Scanning Tunneling Microscope(STM) was invented
-Some limitations in microscopy were eliminated
through the invention of the Atomic Force
Microscope- This invention was integral for the
study of carbon buckyballs, discovered at Rice
University. 1987-First protein
engineered 1989 -Don Eigler's atomic
manipulation--he manipulated individual Xenon
atoms on a Nickel surface to form the letters
"IBM."
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• 2000-President Clinton announces U.S. National
  Nanotechnology Initiative-First state research
  initiative 100 million in California
• 2001-First report on nanotech industry-U.S.
  announces first center for military applications
• 2004-Policy conference on advanced
  nanotech-First center for nanomechanical systems
• 2006-National Academies nanotechnology report
  calls for experimentation toward molecular
  manufacturing
• Although nanotechnology came into existence
  through Feynman's and then Drexler's vision of
  molecular manufacturing, the field has evolved,
  in the 21st century, to include research in
  chemistry and materials science as well as
  molecular engineering.

Evolution Over Time

• 1992-First Congressional testimony
• 1993-Feynman awarded a Prize in Nanotechnology
• 1995-First industry analysis of military
  applications
• 1996-NASA begins work in computational
  nanotech-First nanobio conference
• 1997-First company founded Zyvex-First design
  of nanorobotic system
• 1998-First DNA-based nanomechanical device
• 1999-First Nanomedicine book published-First
  safety guidelines

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General Uses of Nanotechnology

• There are many examples of nanotechnology
  applications such as

• Photography an example old nanotechnology
• Lasers
• Medicine delivery
• Improved printing
• Wear-resistant tires
• Telecommunications
• Military

• Cutting Tools
• Systems on a chip
• Computer systems
• NASA space technologies

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Uses in Telecommunications

• Nanotechnology allows for flexible design of cell
  phones (can bend and change shape while
  maintaining properties)
• Devices are self cleaning
• Cell phones can be charged using the sun

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A Few Examples

• A nanometer is a millionth of a millimeter.
• A sheet of paper is about 100,000 nanometers
  thick.
• Blond hair is probably 15,000 to 50,000
  nanometers in diameter, but black hair is likely
  to be between 50,000 and 180,000 nanometers.
• There are 25,400,000 nanometers in an inch.
• This information can be found at www.nano.gov a
  website for the National Nanotechnology
  Initiative

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Its a Small World After All

• Nano material has been used for hundreds of years
• i.e. The colors in stain glass windows are the
  result of a controlled heating and cooling
  process that adjust the size of tiny crystals in
  the glass

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Nokia Morph

• Flexible Changing Design
• Self Cleaning
• Advanced Power Sources
• Senses the Surrounding Environment

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Features

• Self Cleaning
• Repels Water, Dirt, and Fingerprints
• Flexible
• Able to twist and bend in many shapes
• Can be worn as a wristband
• Foldable to fit easily in your pocket
• Transparent Electronics
• Hands Free Headset

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Availability

• Available in about 5-7 years
• High-End pricing initially

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Nokia Morph Advantages

• Durability The self-cleaning surfaces
  ultimately reduces corrosion, wear and improves
  longevity.
• Built-in Solar absorption - Might charge a
  device, whilst batteries become smaller, longer
  lasting and faster to charge.
• Sensor Nanosensors would empower users to
  examine the environment around them and provides
  you with information about your surroundings.

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Video
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Advantages

• Stretchable and Flexible - Nanotechnology enables
  materials and components that are flexible,
  stretchable, transparent and remarkably strong.
• Transparent electronics Offers an entirely new
  aesthetic dimension.
• Self-cleaning surfaces - Nanostructured surfaces,
  such as Nanoflowers naturally repel water,
  dirt, and even fingerprints.

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Disadvantages

• Fatal to human contact Due to the granular
  structure, nano particles can go unnoticed on a
  persons hand, but the risk of inhaling this
  could be very dangerous. This can duly be a cause
  of death.
• Lack of a reliable power source Nokia is still
  searching new battery materials to power the
  Morph. This is a significant technical drawback
  that Nokia has to overcome before launching this
  concept.
• Overpriced This concept would cost an arm and
  leg to succeed and this cost will trickle down to
  the end consumer which will make this phone
  highly priced for common person.

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Resources

• National Nanotechnology Initiative. www.nano.gov
• The Morph Concept. Nokia Connecting People.
  www.nokia.com
• What Is Nanotechnology? Nanoscience
  Technology. http//www.lanl.gov/mst/nano/definitio
  n.html
• Nokia Demos Bendable Cellphone. C-Net News.com.
  http//www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9878005-7.html
• www.Nokia.com
• http//whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gc
  i213444,00.html
• http//www.zyvex.com/nano/
• http//www.crnano.org/whatis.htm
• http//www.blurtit.com/q898325.html
• http//www.testfreaks.com/forum/f5/nokia-flexible-
  phone-concept-721/

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