Bulimia Nervosa

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Bulimia Nervosa

• By
• Mimi Duong

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(No Transcript)
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What are Eating Disorders?

• Disturbances in eating behavior
• Factors
• Mood and personality disorders
• Family pressures
• Genetic predispositions
• Food culture
• Societal obsession of thinness

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Types of Eating Disorders

• Four types
• Anorexia Nervosa
• BED (Binge Eating Disorder)
• EDNOS (Eating disorders not otherwise specified)
  
• And finally

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Bulimia Nervosa

• Diagnostic Features
• Binge eating
• Abnormal amounts of food consumption
• Discrete time period
• Lack of control
• Inappropriate compensation by purging
• Vomiting
• Enemas
• Laxatives
• Diuretics
• Diet pills

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Diagnostic Criteria

• Twice a week for 3 months.

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Subtypes of BN

• Purging type
• Regular engagement
• Non purging type
• Fasting
• Excessive exercise

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Co-morbid Disorders

• Mood Disorders
• Dysthymic Disorder
• Major Depressive Disorder
• Anxiety Disorders
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Panic disorder
• Phobias
• Personality Disorders
• Borderline Personality Disorders
• Substance Abuse
• Somatoform Disorders
• Body Dysmorphic Disorder

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Medical Conditions associated with BN

• Dental problems
• Fluid loss
• Enlarged parotid glands
• Calluses or scars on hand
• Cardiac and skeletal myopathies
• Amenorrhea (menstrual irregularity)
• Dependence on laxatives
• Rectal prolapse
• Problems swallowing and ruptured esophagus
• Acute stomach distress

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Demographic Data

• Occurs in most industrialized countries
• United States, Canada, Europe, to name a few.
• Mostly females
• Particularly middle class white women
• Male bodybuilders
• Gay, Lesbian, or Bisexual (GLB) orientation
• possible risk for developing eating disorders

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Prevalence and Incidence

• 1-3 among women
• About the same in every industrialized country
• Few studies performed on different cultures
• Subclinical BN is much higher in adolescent girls
  than that of full syndrome BN.
• 0.1 among men ages 15-65
• 12 per 100,000

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The Course of BN

• Late adolescence
• Persists for many years
• Chronic or intermittent
• Periods of remission and alternating recurrences
• Long-term follow up
• Symptoms diminish

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Differential Diagnosis

• Anorexia, Binge-eating/Purging Type
• Kleine-Levin syndrome
• Major depressive disorder
• Borderline personality disorder

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Etiology of BN

• Causes are uncertain
• Possible Factors
• Adolescence
• Family influences and upbringing
• Problems surrounding birth
• Genetics
• Cultural pressures and cultural aesthetics of
  being thin
• Hormonal abnormalities

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Treatment of BN

• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
• Interpersonal Therapy
• Family Therapy