Knowledge Transfer COBAP Mario J' Bryson 8192002 Revision 2

1
Knowledge TransferCOBAPMario J. Bryson
(8/19/2002 Revision 2)

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COBOL to ABAP (COBAP)

• 3RD GENERATION LANGUAGE
• (Procedural Driven)
• TO
• 4TH GENERATION LANGUAGE
• (Event Driven)

3
Identify Program

• COBOL
• IDENTIFICATION DIVISION
• PROGRAM_ID. ZZL002T.
• ABAP
• REPORT ZMJB_ZZL002T_TABLE.

4
Define Files

• COBOL
• ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
• INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
• FILE-CONTROL.
• SELECT ZZL002T-FILE ASSIGN TO ZZL002T.
• SELECT REPORT-FILE ASSIGN TO PRINTER.
• ABAP
• REPORT ZMJB_ZZL002T_TABLE.
• TABLES ZZL002T.

5
Define File/Record

• COBOL
• DATA DIVISION
• FILE SECTION.
• FD ZZL002T-FILE
• LABEL RECORDS ARE STANDARD
• RECORD CONTAINS 80 CHARACTERS
• BLOCK CONTAINS 0 RECORDS
• DATA RECORD IS ZZL002T-RECORD.
• 01 ZZL002T-RECORD PIC X(80).
• ABAP
• TABLES ZZL002T.

6
Record Layout

• COBOL
• WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
• 01 ZZL002T-RECORD-SAVE.
• 05 RBUKRS PIC X(04).
• 05 RYYLOB PIC X(05).
• 05 RPRCTR PIC X(10).
• 05 RACCT PIC X(10).
• 05 TSL05 PIC S9(05)V99 COMP-3.
• 05 TSL05 PIC S9(05)V99 COMP-3.
• 05 FILLER PIC X(10).
• ABAP
• DATA
• Begin of v_zzl002t_it occurs 0,
• rbukrs like zzl002t-rbukrs,
• ryylob like zzl002t-ryylob,
• rprctr like zzl002t-rprctr,
• racct like zzl002t-racct,
• tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05,
• tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06,

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Parameters

• COBOL
• FD / WORKING-STORAGE SECTION / LINKAGE SECTION
• ABAP
• SELECTION-SCREEN begin of block..
  Select-options
• s_bukrs for zzl002t-rbukrs.
• Parameters
• p_rzzlgd like zzl002t-rzzlgid.
• p_ryyamy like zzl002t-ryyamy.
• SELECTION-SCREEN end of block ..

8
SELECTION-SCREEN - BEFORE
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Selection Text - BEFORE
10
Selection Text - AFTER
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SELECTION-SCREEN After
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Headings

• COBOL
• ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
• SPECIAL-NAMES.
• C01 IS TOP-OF-PAGE.
• FD REPORT-FILE
• DATA RECORD IS REPORT-RECORD.
• WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
• 01 HEADING-LINE1.
• 05 HL1-KAKA PIC X(132) value
  rbukrs ryylob rprctr..
• PROCEDURE DIVISION.
• WRITE REPORT-RECORD FROM
  HEADING-LINE1
• ABAP
• TOP-OF-PAGE.
• write /01 rbukrs,
• 10 ryylob,
• 20 rprctr,
• 30 racct,
• 57 tsl05,
• 75 tsl06.

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TEXT Symbols
14
Using TEXT Symbols as constant
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Example of TEXT Symbols usage

• ABAP
• TOP-OF-PAGE.
• write /01 text-001,
• 10 text-002,
• 20 text-003,
• 30 text-004,
• 57 text-005,
• 75 text-006.

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Pictures / Data / Constants

• Cobol
• FD / Working-Storage
• Type Description
• A Alpha
• N Numeric
• X Alpha-numeric
• S9 Comp Binary (Signed)
• S9 Comp-3 Pack field (Signed)
• ABAP
• Data / Constants ( Data are variables that can
  be modified, while Constants cannot be modified)
• Type Description DL Initial
  value
• C Character 1
  Space
• N Numeric text 1
  '00...0'
• D Date YYYYMMDD 8 '00000000'
  
• T Time HHMMSS 6
  '000000'
• X Byte (heXadecimal) 1 X'00'
  
• I Integer 4
  0
• P Packed number 8 0
  
• F Floating point number 8 '0.0'
  

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Examples

• Cobol
• 05 Num pic 9 value
  1.
• 05 Alpa pic a value
  A.
• 05 Alphanum pic xx value 1A.
• 05 Binsigned pic s9(04) comp.
• 05 Packedsigned pic s9(05) comp-3.
• ABAP
• Num(1) type n value 1.
• Alpa(1) type c value A.
• Alphanum(2) type c value 1A.
• Binaryx(1) type x value 27.
  value is quote
• Packedfield(3) type p value 12345.

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Cobol Program

• Cobol is a third Generation Language (3 G/L) that
  is Procedural driven.
• Example See attached document.

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ABAP Program

• ABAP Is a fourth Generation Language (4 G/L)
• that is EVENT driven.

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ABAP (1st phase) RAW

• The first phase of ABAP is the way that I was
  taught. It emphasizes on how the EVENT driven
  compiler works, from the time we enter data on
  the screen to the end of job.
• I learned the different EVENTS such as
  Initialization, selection-screen,
  start-of-selection, end-of-selection, and
  top-of-page.
• The 1st phase was created with this in mind.

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ABAP (1st phase) - Identify

• REPORT
• Zmjb_000_abap_raw
• line-size 80
• line-count 65(3)
• message-id z01.

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ABAP (1st phase) - Table

• Tables
• zzl002t. G/L Special Ledger

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ABAP (1st phase) - Variables

• DATA
• begin of v_zzl002t_it occurs 0, "Start
  of table
• rbukrs like zzl002t-rbukrs,
  "Company code
• ryylob like zzl002t-ryylob,
  "Line of Business
• rprctr like zzl002t-rprctr,
  "Profit Center
• racct like zzl002t-racct,
  "Account number
• tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05,
  "Total for period
• tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06,
  "Total for period
• end of v_zzl002t_it.
  "End of table
• DATA
• t01_tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05, "1st
  total
• t02_tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05, "2nd
  total
• t03_tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05, "3rd
  total
• t04_tsl05 like zzl002t-tsl05. "4th
  total
• DATA
• t01_tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06, "1st
  total
• t02_tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06, "2nd
  total
• t03_tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06, "3rd
  total
• t04_tsl06 like zzl002t-tsl06. "4th
  total

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ABAP (1st phase) - Constants

• CONSTANTS
• C_usd(3) value USD. Currency
• C_quote(1) type x value 27. Quote

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ABAP (1st phase) Selection Screen

• selection-screen begin of block zzl002t_record
• with frame title text-001.
• select-options
• s_rbukrs for zzl002t-rbukrs memory id sbkr.
  "Company code
• parameters
• p_rzzlgd like zzl002t-rzzlgid memory id przz,
  "Ledger ID
• p_ryyamy like zzl002t-ryyamy memory id pryy.
  "Acc/mat year
• selection-screen end of block zzl002t_record.

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ABAP (1st phase) - EVENT

• start-of-selection. Start
  of Selection
• Select
  Step 1 Select records to process
• rbukrs Company
  code
• ryylob "Line of
  Business
• rprctr "Profit
  Center
• racct
  "Account number
• tsl05 "Total
  for period
• tsl06 "Total
  for period
• from zzl002t
• into table v_zzl002t_it
• where ryyamy p_ryyamy "Acc/mat year
• and rzzlgid p_rzzlgd "Ledger
  ID
• and rbukrs in s_rbukrs.
  "Company code
• sort v_zzl002t_it by rbukrs ryylob rprctr racct.
  Step 2 Sort by CC, LOB PRCTR

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ABAP (1st phase) End-of-Selection Detail

• end-of-selection.
• loop at v_zzl002t_it.
  Start of the loop
• write /01 v_zzl002t_it-rbukrs,
• 10 v_zzl002t_it-ryylob,
• 20 v_zzl002t_it-rprctr,
• 30 v_zzl002t_it-racct,
• 40 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05 currency c_usd,
• 63 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06 currency c_usd.
• t01_tsl05 t01_tsl05 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05.
  add detail to 1st total
• t01_tsl06 t01_tsl06 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06.

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ABAP (1st phase) End-of-Selection 1st Total

• AT END OF rprctr.
  Total at rprctr
• ULINE.
• WRITE /10 ' rprctr total',
  Print 1st total
• 40 t01_tsl05 currency c_usd,
• 63 t01_tsl06 currency c_usd.
• ULINE.
• t02_tsl05 t02_tsl05 t01_tsl05.
  add 1st total to 2nd total
• t02_tsl06 t02_tsl06 t01_tsl06.
• clear
• t01_tsl05, t01_tsl06.
• ENDAT.

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ABAP (1st phase) End-of-Selection 2nd Total

• AT END OF ryylob.
  Total at ryylob
• WRITE /10 ' ryylob total',
  Print 2nd total
• 40 t02_tsl05 currency c_usd,
• 63 t02_tsl06 currency c_usd.
• ULINE.
• t03_tsl05 t03_tsl05 t02_tsl05. add
  2nd total to 3rd total
• t03_tsl06 t03_tsl06 t02_tsl06.
• clear
• t02_tsl05, t02_tsl06.
• ENDAT.

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ABAP (1st phase) End-of-Selection 3rd Total

• AT END OF rbukrs.
  Total at rbukrs
• WRITE /10 ' rbukrs total',
  Print 3rd total
• 40 t03_tsl05 currency c_usd,
• 63 t03_tsl06 currency c_usd.
• ULINE.
• t04_tsl05 t04_tsl05 t03_tsl05.
  add 3rd total to 4th total
• t04_tsl06 t04_tsl06 t03_tsl06.
• clear
• t03_tsl05, t03_tsl06.
• new-page.
• ENDAT.

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ABAP (1st phase) Grand Total

• AT LAST.
  Grand Total
• ULINE.
• WRITE /10 ' Grand Total',
  Print Grand Total
• 40 t04_tsl05 currency c_usd,
• 63 t04_tsl06 currency c_usd.
• ULINE.
• ENDAT.
• endloop.
  End of the loop
  

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ABAP (1st phase) Top-of-page

• top-of-page. Heading
• write 01 'rbukrs', Print heading
• 10 'ryylob',
• 20 'rprctr',
• 30 'racct',
• 57 'tsl05',
• 75 'tsl06'.
• uline.

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ABAP (2nd phase) Structured

• Panic sets when I saw the first ABAP program that
  I will have to maintain. There was a semblance
  of standard on the data definition, but there was
  no continuity to the flow of the program. The
  program was humongous. Looking at a certain
  sub-routine using a listing, I had problems
  locating the routine. Perusing through the
  listing, I found out that instead of using one
  (1) routine for identical routines, the routine
  was copied to other places in the program.
• I decided that I will write my program similar to
  Cobol, structured and will be easy to maintain.
  I hope that by applying standards in defining the
  data and the main logic, will make it easier for
  anyone maintaining the program.

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ABAP (2nd phase) - Constants

• constants Constants
• c_usd(3) value 'USD', Currency
• c_d01 type i value 1, "rbukrs
• c_d02 type i value 10, "ryylob
• c_d03 type i value 20, "rprctr
• c_d04 type i value 30, "racct
• c_d05 type i value 40, "tsl05
• c_d06 type i value 63, "tsl06
• c_h01 type i value 1, "rbukrs
• c_h02 type i value 10, "ryylob
• c_h03 type i value 20, "rprctr
• c_h04 type i value 30, "racct
• c_h05 type i value 57, "tsl05
• c_h06 type i value 75. "tsl06

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ABAP (2ND phase) - Main Logic

• initialization.
  "INITIALIZATION
• perform a_ini_010_initialization.
  Initialize - date time
• start-of-selection.
  START OF SELECTION
• perform b_sos_010_retrieve_zzl002t_inp.
  "Retrieve data sort
• end-of-selection.
  "END OF SELECTION
• perform c_eos_010_input_report. "Input
  Report
• top-of-page.
  TOP OF PAGE
• perform t_top_010_top_of_page. Heading

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ABAP (2ND phase) - Sub-routines

• form a_ini_010_initialization.
• nothing for now
• endform.
  "a_ini_010_initialization
• form b_sos_010_retrieve_zzl002t_inp.
  "Retrieve ZZL002T
• Select
• rbukrs
  "Company code
• ryylob "Line
  of Business
• rprctr
  "Profit Center
• racct
  "Account number
• tsl05
  "Total for period
• tsl06
  "Total for period
• from zzl002t
• into table v_zzl002t_it
• where ryyamy p_ryyamy "Acc/mat
  year
• and rzzlgid p_rzzlgd
  "Ledger ID
• and rbukrs in s_rbukrs.
  "Company code
• endform.
  "b_sos_010_retrieve_zzl002t_inp

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ABAP (2ND phase) Top-of-Page

• form t_top_010_top_of_page.
• write at c_h01 text-h01, "rbukrs
• at c_h02 text-h02,
  "ryylob
• at c_h03 text-h03,
  "rprctr
• at c_h04 text-h04, "racct
• at c_h05 text-h05, "tsl05
• at c_h06 text-h06. "tsl06
• uline.
• endform.
  "t_top_010_top_of_page

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ABAP (3rd phase) 4 G/L

• Upon completing a somewhat structured ABAP
  program, I concentrated in making the program a
  truly 4th G/L program. I want ABAP to do the
  driving for me.
• In this example, I used the ABAP verb SUM for
  every control break the program encounters. In
  the old way, I added the fields to different
  variables, a way of the 3rd G/L programs. With
  this verb SUM, I don't have to define a
  different variable for each total break. By
  doing this, I dont have to maintain the
  different variables and it will make it a lot
  easier to follow the program.

39
ABAP (3rd phase) Main Logic

• form c_eos_010_input_report.
  "Input Report
• loop at v_zzl002t_it.
  "Begin of first loop (1)
• new-line.
• write at c_d01 v_zzl002t_it-rbukrs,
• at c_d02 v_zzl002t_it-ryylob,
• at c_d03 v_zzl002t_it-rprctr,
• at c_d04 v_zzl002t_it-racct,
• at c_d05 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05
  currency c_usd,
• at c_d06 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06
  currency c_usd.
• new-line.
• AT END OF rprctr.
  total at rprctr
• ULINE.
• SUM.
  Total numeric fields
• WRITE at c_d02 text-t01,
  rprctr total
• at c_d05 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05
  currency c_usd,
• at c_d06 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06
  currency c_usd.
• ULINE.
• ENDAT.

40
ABAP (3rd phase) Grand Total

• AT END OF rbukrs.
  total at rbukrs
• SUM.
• WRITE at c_d02 text-t03,
  " rbukrs total
• at c_d05 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05 currency
  c_usd,
• at c_d06 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06 currency
  c_usd.
• ULINE.
• new-page.
• ENDAT.
• AT last.
  GRAND TOTAL
• ULINE.
• SUM.
• WRITE at c_d02 text-t04,
  " Grand Total
• at c_d05 v_zzl002t_it-tsl05 currency
  c_usd,
• at c_d06 v_zzl002t_it-tsl06 currency
  c_usd.
• ULINE.
• ENDAT.
• endloop.
  "End of First
  loop (1)
• endform.
  end of
  c_eos_010_input_report

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Miscellaneous

• System fields System-defined data object
  Naming convention is SY-ltnamegt where ltnamegt
  denotes the field.
• Example sy-uname (user name), sy-subrc (return
  code), sy-datum (current date)
• Keywords ABAP reserved words.
• Example if, endif, message, read, write,
  stop, compute
• Messages Table where pre-defined error
  messages are kept.
• Example 067 User 1 not authorized
  for 2 3 4
• text-004 this transaction
• if sy-subrc ne 0.
  
• message E067 with sy-uname
  text-004.
• stop.
• endif. user
  acp74 not authorized for this transaction.
• Function Modules External sub-routines written
  in ABAP
• Example date_get_week (will return the week
  that a date is in)
• Transaction code Sequence of four (4)
  alphanumeric characters
  that identify a transaction in the R/3 System.
• Example se38, se80, se12

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• MicrosoftVice-President Brad Silverberg