Chap 2' Spoken Language Structure

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Chap 2. Spoken Language Structure

• Human communication

Machine
Machine
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From Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, by B.
H. Juang
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Intensity of sound and hearing

• Sound source

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Sound Intensity and Hearing

• The sensitivity of ears

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• Equal-loundness curves

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Generation of speech
Periodic excitation
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Spectrum Spectrogram
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Window size for spectrum
WB spectrogram - 20 ms window NB spectrogram
- 3 ms window
Pitch and formants
1 formant/1-KHz
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Physical vs. Perceptual attributes
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Critical band Bark scale
Measurement of critical band
Bark scale
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Mel scale
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Phoneme in English
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(No Transcript)
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Tone and pitch contour

• Tone 1 (High-level), 2 (High-rising), 3(Low
  rising), 4(High falling)

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Speech to understanding

• Phones
• Syllables
• Words (POS, part-of-speech)
• Syntax
• Phrases
• Clauses and Sentences
• Semantic