Reaching Men

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Reaching Men to Improve Reproductive Health for
All
September 2003
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GIVING MEN CHOICESA Rozan Project With the
Police Force in Pakistan

• Maria Rashid
• 2003

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GENDER BASED VIOLENCE The context of Pakistan

• 80 of all women in Pakistan are subjected to
  some form of domestic violence in their lives.
• According to reported cases alone, rape occurs
  every 2-3 hours in Pakistan.
• Female literacy 28 Male literacy 58
• Maternal Mortality Ratio 340 per 100,000

55 of urban and 35 of rural women from a
sample of 1000 each admit to being beaten by
their husbands. (Punjab 1998)
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Project Details
Implementing Partners
ROZAN
Islamabad Capital Police
A local NGO specializing in violence against
women, children and emotional health
Donor Agency
NORAD
Phase 1 USD 17,000 Phase 2 USD 60,000
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Project History

• Pilot Phase- Module tested with two batches
• Phase 1- October 1999- march 2001
• Phase 2- July 2001- June 2004
• Total project duration to date 3.5 years

Number of beneficiaries
775 Male
739 Female
36
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TARGET POPULATIONPolice Force

• Age 25-50
• Educational level Matric- B.A ( 10 -14 years of
  education)
• Socio economic class Lower to middle class/
  Rural and urban
• Rank Junior -Mid level
• (Constable, Inspectors and Superintendents of
  Police)

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Project Rationale

• Each individual has the capacity to learn and
  grow.
• Sensitizing people to their own emotions and
  needs allows people to connect better
  with the needs of others.

Principal Project Activity Workshops aimed at
providing an opportunity for -Analysis of our
socialization process -Development of healthy
life skills
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Workshop Methodology

• 5-6 days or 40-45 hours
• Small experiential and participatory groups
• Atmosphere of respect, trust, safety,
  encouragement
• Mix of male and female facilitators
• 14 day gap between self growth and gender and
  violence module

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Attitudinal change workshops

• Critical components of the workshop
• Self awareness
• Life skills (communication skills, assertive
  behavior, anger and stress management)
• Power
• Gender
• Violence against women and children

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Self Awareness Rationale for
inclusion

• Awareness is the first step towards change
• Critical tool for long-lasting real change
• Allows us to understand the causes and dynamics
  of our behavior
• Leads to self-acceptance.
• Acceptance of self leads to acceptance of others.

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Life skills
Rationale for inclusion

• Good communication is a skill that can be learnt.
• Non-acceptance of and unhealthy expression of
  anger is destructive not only for the individual
  but also for others.
• Awareness of difference b/w aggressive, passive
  and assertive behavior and their consequences
  allows individuals to choose appropriate
  behaviors.
• Police work is stressful and inability to
  recognize and handle stress is harmful for
  relationships at work and in the home.

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Power Rationale for
inclusion

• Understanding dynamics of Power and Powerlessness
  can lead to decrease in abuse of power.
• Increases empathy with the powerless. Allows for
  recognition and addressing of powerlessness of
  the public.
• Enables accessing the positive power within.

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Gender and Violence Rationale for
inclusion

• Understanding how gender stereotyping and roles
  effect our lives can free people . The system
  and not men is the underlying cause of violence
  or power imbalance.
• Understanding the dynamics and impact of
  violence against women and children and its
  link to gender power structures increases
  sensitivity.

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Are these workshops useful for the Police?
Yes 774
No 1
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Evaluation

• 40 question form assessing knowledge,
  attitudes
• and practice of workshop contents is filled out
  by
• participants.
• -Before the workshop ( pre)
• -Immediately after the workshop ( post)
• -After 6 months ( final)
• Forms are anonymous

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Anger

I feel excessively angry
I sometimes get out of control when I am angry
Inability to express anger
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Expression of Feelings

Inability to express sadness
Inability to express fears
Ability to express worries / concerns
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Violence

Effects of rape are lifelong
Rape is more a crime of power than sex
Women give false statements in rape cases
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Police must play a role in the case of violence
between husband and wife.
33
53
47
67
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Violence during investigation is justified
27
40
60
73
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Good Practices

• Creating an atmosphere of respect, trust and
  safety in small groups.
• Mix of male female facilitation team.
• Understanding the reality of life for these men
  i.e. implementing the self growth curriculum
  before the gender and violence one.
• Dividing the workshop into two sections with a 14
  day interval in the middle helped to create a
  longer relationship with the police trainees.

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Limitations

• Slow
• Requires expert handling by trained facilitators
  and therefore has implications for project
  expansion.
• Impact needs to be sustained intensively through
• -Refreshers after six to 8 months
• -Systems of support to reduce the amount of
  stress or feelings of loneliness/isolation
  reported once they re-enter the field.
• Some men do NOT respond

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A Shift in Ownership !
The whole process was very interesting for us.
Before this workshop these issues were Rozans
problems but now it has become our problem to
work for positive change in ourselves as well as
others behaviors towards women. a 45 year
old policeman