Distance Learning

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Distance Learning
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Distance Learning

• takes place when a teacher and student(s) are
  separated by physical distance and technology
  (e.g. voice, video, data)
• a.k.a. Distance Education (DE)
• common profile of a distant student
• professionals and isolated

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Distance Learning

• Success is dependent on
• creativity and skill of the course developer
• bandwidth
• hardware capabilities

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Distance Learning

• Why is DL not popular?
• computer networks are costly to develop
• technology is changing rapidly
• high requirement for motivation and proficiency
  in computer operation for successful function in
  a computer-based distance learning environment

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Distance Learning

• Costs of Implementing DL
• Technology
• Transmission
• Maintenance
• Infrastructure
• Production
• Support
• Personnel

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Distance Learning

• How is distance learning delivered?
• technological options
• Voice
• Video
• Data
• Print

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Distance Learning

• Technological Option Voice
• includes the interactive technologies of
  telephone, audio-conferencing, and short-wave
  radio
• Passive (i.e., one-way) audio tools include tapes
  and radio

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Distance Learning

• Technological Option Video
• includes still images such as slides,
  pre-produced moving images (e.g., film,
  videotape), and real-time moving images combined
  with audio-conferencing (one-way or two-way video
  with two-way audio)

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Distance Learning

• Technological Option Data
• computers send and receive information
  electronically
• for this reason, the term "data" is used to
  describe this broad category of instructional
  tools

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Distance Learning

• Technological Option Data
• computer applications for distance education are
  varied and include
• Computer-assisted instruction (CAI)
• Computer-managed instruction (CMI)
• Computer-mediated education (CME)

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Distance Learning

• Technological Option Print
• is a foundational element of distance education
  programs the basis from which all other
  delivery systems have evolved
• print formats textbooks, study guides,
  workbooks, course syllabi, and case studies

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Distance Learning

• Computer applications for DL fall into four
  categories
• Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
• Computer Managed Instruction (CMI)
• Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)
• Computer-based Multimedia

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Distance Learning

• Computer Assisted Instruction
• uses the computer as a self-contained teaching
  machine to present discrete lessons to achieve
  specific but limited educational objectives
• modes drill and practice, tutorial, simulations,
  and games

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Distance Learning

• Computer Managed Instruction
• uses the computers branching, storage, and
  retrieval capabilities to organize instruction
  and track student records and progress
• need not be delivered via computer

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Distance Learning

• Computer Mediated Communication
• describes computer applications that facilitate
  communication
• examples electronic mail, computer conferencing,
  and electronic bulletin boards

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Distance Learning

• Computer-Based Multimedia
• hypermedia
• integrate various voice, video, and computer
  technologies into a single, easily accessible
  delivery system

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Distance Learning

• The Internet Distance Learning
• electronic mail (e-mail)
• electronic bulletin boards
• world wide web (www)

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Distance Learning

• Instructional Possibilities of the Internet
• using e-mail for informal one-to-one
  correspondence
• establishing a classroom bulletin board

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Distance Learning

• Instructional Possibilities of the Internet
  (cont..)
• engaging students in dialogue with other
  students, faculty, and researchers by encouraging
  them to join a bulletin board
• developing a classroom home page

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Distance Learning

• Teaching Considerations
• access to the internet
• computer hardware and software literacy/proficienc
  y
• Internet application proficiency (e.g. email,
  electronic bulletin board, etc.)

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Distance Learning

• Web Development Procedure
• Determine the type of product and platform
• Assemble components.
• Conduct reviews.
• Implement the site.

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Distance Learning

• Web Development Procedure
• Determine the type of product and platform
• 1.1 Determine which of two major types of content
  structure
• Asynchronous analogous to computer-based
  courseware delivered to the desktop on demand
  (the entire content is resident on a LAN or WAN.
• Synchronous all students are online, taking
  training at the same time.

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Distance Learning

• Web Development Procedure
• Determine the type of product and platform
• 1.2 Choose the development platform, language,
  editor, or software appropriate to your technical
  specifications
• 2. Assemble components.
• Create storyboards and assemble and link web
  pages according to the map

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Distance Learning

• Web Development Procedure
• Conduct Reviews
• Perform QA reviews, debug, and test the web pages
  for adherence to the map
• 4. Implement the Site
• put the site online using a web server software
  (e.g. Apache) and a dedicated server

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Distance Learning

• Improving Distant Learning
• "Becoming and staying responsible for themselves"
• "Owning ones strengths, desires, skills, needs"
• "Maintaining and increasing self-esteem"

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Distance Learning

• Improving Distant Learning
• "Relating to others"
• "Clarifying what is learned"
• "Redefining what legitimate knowledge is".
• "Dealing with content"