Consolidating Multiple Applications

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Consolidating Multiple Applications
ProtocolsIntelligence on the edge of your
networkMAN/WAN Infrastructure for BC/DR

• Garry Moreau  Senior Staff Alliance Consultant
• Ciena Communications
• gmoreau_at_ciena.com
• [phone]

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AGENDA

• Ciena Deployment Overview
• Networking Options
• Performance Considerations
• Deployment Examples
• Summary

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Application Solution Qualifications
Qualifications
Interoperability
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Ciena Data Center and Optical WAN
SolutionsEnterprise RE Government
Applications
Regional and National Backbones Optical
switching transport for government agencies and
enterprises
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Ciena Solutions for IBM Mainframe Environments
Remote Data Center

• Lowest networking costs for GDPS / STP
• Only IBM-certified system capable of multiplexing
  STP channels onto a single wavelength
• This in turn drives highest scalability
• Unprecedented flexibility, with programmable
  approach to enable evolution to advanced protocol
  support (IB)

Long Distance Storage and LAN Extension For Metro
Mirror, Global Mirror, z/OS Global Mirror,
Metro/Global Mirror, SVC, PtP-VTS
Up to 1,000s of km
WDM For GDPS/STP Metro Mirror, Global Mirror,
z/OS Global Mirror,
WDM over dark fiber
Primary Data Center
Remote Data Center
Up to 100s of km
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Cienas Enterprise Product Portfolio
ON-Center Manager
CN 2000
CN 4200 MC
CN 4200
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AGENDA

• Overview
• Networking Options
• Performance Considerations
• Deployment Examples
• Summary

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Choices Connecting Data Centers

• Deploy Fiber between buildings
• Build your own network (likely using WDM
  equipment)
• Lease a connection from a carrier or service
  provider
• Likely a SONET service, wavelength service, or
  an IP service
• Manage your own network, and the gateways
• Lease a Managed Storage Service
• Combination of the gateway solution the
  connectivity
• Customized SLAs and service features focused on
  extension

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Wide Area Network Considerations

• Cost
• Must meet Budget Constraints
• Security
• Guaranteed Isolation of Sensitive Data
• Guaranteed Data Delivery
• Performance
• Minimal Impact on the Application with a High
  Throughput, Low Latency, and Rapid Restore Times

• Capacity
• Intelligent utilization of network resources
• Manageability
• Ability to Monitor/Report/Protect to Maximize
  Performance and Perform Rapid Fault Isolation.
• Flexibility
• Support for all Data Types (Storage, Voice, Data,
  Video) and Applications

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MAN / WAN Options
Available Transports

• WDM / Dark Fiber Multiple services on a fiber,
  high capacity, campus or metro
• SONET/SDH Secure bandwidth, ubiquitous service
  access
• GbEQoS point-to-point GbE private line services
• IP/PoSStorage mapped into IP packets, usually
  through TCP/IP
• ATM/PoSUsed by legacy channel extension
  technology, costly

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MAN/WAN Options
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IP Routed Network
GbE
GbE
FC
FC
GbE
GbE
FC
FC
FC over IP
FC Switch
FC over IP
Switch
FC Switch
Switch
Router
Router

• Storage extension over IP networks (e.g. a leased
  GbE service) is only feasible if very high QoS
  SLAs can be guaranteed
• Latency less than 5 ms
• Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) of 99.99 or higher
• TCP can drive a maximum of 100 Mbps over a
  network with a latency of 5 ms and PDR of 99.99
• IP networks must be dedicated to SAN extension in
  order to maximize PDR and minimize latency and
  even then, they can not support synchronous
  applications due to their high latency
• Bandwidth must be over-provisioned by up to 50
  to account for dropped packets and retransmissions

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ATM Dedicated Network
ATM Network
OC-3c
OC-12c
FC
FC
OC-3c
OC-12c
FC
FC
Channel Extender
FC Switch
Channel Extender
ATM Switch
FC Switch
ATM Switch

• Channel extenders represent a legacy approach to
  storage extension
• Support ESCON/FC/FICON neglecting overall data
  center extension requirement likely including GbE
• ATM mapping adds significant overhead resulting
  in bandwidth inefficiency
• Extremely high pricing
• Adds significant latency to applications not
  requiring host emulation resulting in decreased
  application performance

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Gigabit Ethernet Private Line Services

• GbE over wavelengths
• Mapping directly into wavelength
• Dark fiber distances

Fiber
GbE
GbE
DWDM
DWDM

• GbE over SONET/SDH
• Mapping directly into TDM
• 43 of Ethernet Services in NA are based on SONET

GbE
GbE
SONET SDH
SONET SDH
SONET SDH

• GbE over switched service
• Over shared service
• Similar performance to IP VPN service

GbE or 100bT
L2 Switched Ethernet Network Or L2 Ethernet VLAN
over L3 Network
Carriers GbE services can have high performance,
BUT still need to consider the switching/routing
equipment within an enterprise
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Storage over WDM
Protocol Rate
Service
Fiber or Wavelength
Characteristics for Storage
Todays Applications

• Fiber relief
• Native protocol carriage (GbE, Fibre
  Channel, ESCON)
• Virtual Private Network
• Bandwidth Leasing

• Large capacity (80G in Metro)
• Reach limited to metro distances
• DWDM is cost effective for large of services
  and volumes of data (gt 10 Gbps)
• CWDM provides a lower cost solution

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Storage over SONET / SDH

• What is SONET / SDH?
• Self-monitored high performance networking
  technology
• Ubiquitous network with over 150,000 installed
  carrier rings
• Uses Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) to
  aggregate multiple signals together
• Standardized rates from 50Mbps 40 Gbps
• Why SONET / SDH?
• Guaranteed, high bandwidth
• Low latency
• Deterministic
• Secure, 99.999 availability network
• Metro and Long Haul networks
• National and International

SONET/SDH Based Services Perfectly Match the
Requirements of Business Continuance Applications
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SONET as the Backbone
Native Services are Transported Worldwide over
SONET

• 99 of all data traffic goes across the SONET
  network, including IP
• Native protocols are mapped directly into SONET
  as soon as they leave the building or campus
  where they originated

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AGENDA

• Overview
• Networking Options
• Performance Considerations
• Deployment Examples
• Summary

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Performance Considerations

• Latency
• Delay introduced by the intermediate equipment
  (i.e. switches, transport, speed of light in
  fiber, packet loss, jitter) which slows down the
  response time of applications
• Bandwidth
• Dedicate enough bandwidth to ensure optimum
  application performance, but only allocate the
  required to bandwidth to minimize MAN/WAN costs
• Choose a storage networking technology that
  efficiently makes use of expensive MAN / WAN
  resources
• Protocol Flow Control
• Not have sufficient protocol extension
  capabilities will leave the application waiting

Latency, Bandwidth and Protocol Flow Controlcan
significantly impact application performance
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Performance Considerations Network Latency
Element Switching

• Time of Flight
• Time it takes light to traverse the network
• 5 ?sec per km
• 1 ms per 125 miles

Data Center
Data Center
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TCP/IP Flow Control
A packet is missing, please resend the last 20
packets
Lost packet
Enterprise Location 1
Enterprise Location 2

• TCP enables guaranteed services across lossy IP
  networks
• TCP has a mechanism to request retransmission of
  lost packets
• Bandwidth wasted increases with high data rates
  and latency
• When extending high-end applications over a lossy
  metropolitan or wide area network, severe
  performance limitations emerge
• Need to consider
• Packet Delivery Ratio
• Packet Error Ratio
• of TCP Retransmits

Sources of Inefficiencies

• Time to recognize that a packet is lost
• Time for lost packet message to be sent
• Amount of data resent

Storage over IP devices typically offload this
retransmission requirement from the storage, but
this does not eliminate the end to end latency
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Packet / Cell Loss Contributions
IP Network
Typical operating region
Required operating region
Provisioned Bandwidth
1200
1000
800
Throughput
Average Data Throughput
Mbps
600
400
Lost Packet
200
Timeout
0
99
99.99
99.9
99.999

• Lost packet results in cutting throughput in half
• Throughput slowly recovers over time
• Similar effects with other IP and ATM Storage
  Solutions

Packet / Cell Delivery Ratio
Due to lost packets and retransmissions, goodput
is artificially limited
Performance of Storage Across IP and ATM
Infrastructures is Significantly Affected by Loss
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Performance Considerations BandwidthTradeoff
Between Cost and Application Performance

• Cost
• MAN/WAN networking can be greater than 60 of the
  BC/DR application cost
• Minimize the bandwidth used through
• Data Compression
• Efficient Mapping
• Application Consolidation over a single transport
• Performance
• Need to consider the actual throughput of data
• Need to guarantee application isolation and
  efficient delivery of data
• If not enough bandwidth is allocated, or too much
  contention in the network, a bottleneck to the
  application will occur

Optimum SolutionBandwidth Allocated
Application Requirement
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Typical Deployment Comparison

• Option 1 Storage over IP Routed Network

May be consolidated into a single device
DWDM/OC-3 or GbE
FCIP
FC/IP
FC
FCIP
FC/IP
FC
FC
FC
MAN/WAN
Optional Switch
FCIP Gateway
LAN Switch
FCIP Gateway
Router
FC Switch
Router
FC Switch
Disk
Disk
LAN
LAN
Multiple G/Ws, switches and routers add
latency, dropped packets, lower throughput and
complexity (Both Sides)
Option 2 Storage over DWDM/SONET/GbE Network
FC Pt-to-Pt mode
FC Pt-to-Pt mode
DWDM/OC-n or GbE
or
or
FC
FC
FC Fabric mode
FC Fabric mode
MAN/WAN
GbE
Disk
GbE
CN2000 Storage over SONET/DS3
Disk
CN2000 Storage over SONET/DS3
FC Switch
FC Switch
LAN
LAN
Router
Guarantees layer 1 isolation, yet aggregation and
data compression of all traffic (FCLAN) before
connecting to the WAN
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Data Compression
Protocol Line Rate
Application Rate (varies)
Compressed Data Rate (dependent upon application
content)
1 Gbps
300 Mbps
lt150 Mbps
Compressor
Active Multiplexing
Data Frame
Data Compression
IDLE Frame
Content Compression IDLE removal

• Each port has dedicated compression chips,
  ensuring wirespeed performance and maximum
  compression
• Uses industry standard LZS (Lempel Ziv Stac)
  algorithm
• Automatically disabled on a per-packet basis when
  data not compressible
• Available on all protocols and all interfaces
• FC/FICON/ESCON/GbE
• DS3, OC-3/12/48, STM-1/4/16, DWDM, Dark Fiber

Per Port Hardware Compression Dramatically
Reduces WAN Bandwidth Costs
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Reducing BandwidthDynamic Bandwidth Sharing
Remote Data Center
Disk Mirroring
Fibre Channel
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Aggregated Traffic
Tape Backup
GbE
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GbE
LAN

• Each port is assigned a guaranteed minimum
  percentage of the bandwidth
• The percentage can be assigned to any value from
  0 to 100
• When only one port has traffic to send, it has
  access to the entire link

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Performance Considerations Standards Protocol
Efficiency
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AGENDA

• Overview
• Networking Options
• Performance Considerations
• Deployment Examples
• Summary

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Certification Test ResultsIBM Global Mirroring
in IBM Tucson
Global Mirror Establish Bandwidth
Ciena
240
200
Ciena
160
Competitor
Bandwidth
(MB/sec)
120
Competitor
80

40
0
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
PPRC Distance
PPRC Distance
(miles)
(miles)

• Data was extracted from an IBM white paper
  titled
• IBM TotalStorage ESS Global Mirror
• Asynchronous Peer-to-Peer Remote Copy Performance
  Perspectives - Aug 2004

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Deployment ExampleStorage over SONET
Why Customer Choose Storage over SONET

• gt 50 capital cost savings
• 2X improvement in WAN utilization
• Detailed performance monitoring of services and
  WAN

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Deployment ExampleFortune 1000 Financial Services
Atlanta, GA
Sterling Forest, NJ
Optional LAN traffic GbE
Carrier SONET Service
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Deployment ExampleDWDM and Storage over SONET
Why the customer choose DWDM Storage over SONET

• DWDM provided extremely low latency and
  significant capacity
• 2.5 Gbps today scaling to 80 Gbps
• Leased a SONET OC-3 service as a backup

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AGENDA

• Overview
• Networking Options
• Performance Considerations
• Deployment Examples
• Summary

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Summary

• Costs due to WAN extension dominate the business
  case for BC/DR solutions
• Solutions vary greatly based on cost,
  performance, security and data availability
  targets there is no single answer
• Carriers and Service providers must be leveraged
  for solutions beyond fiber only
• New products are available that both simplify the
  deployment of, and help drive down the costs
  associated with distance solutions for storage
  extension