Emerging Gas Energy Conservation Solutions

1
Emerging Gas Energy Conservation Solutions

• Thermal Equalization
• to
• Reduce Energy Consumption
• and
• Improve Air Circulation and Air Purification
• by
• Jack Matzer
• AIRIUS

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SOURCES OF INFORMATION

• U.S. Department of Energy Industrial Technology
  and Energy Management
• Rutgers University Industrial Assessment Center
• Colorado State University Industrial Assessment
  Center
• Kansas State University Destratification
  Energy Savings Analysis by Dr. Byron Jones,
  Ph.D., P.E., ASHRAE.
• Various manufacturers of destratification
  equipment and air purification equipment
• Various energy engineer experts

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies and Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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What Is Air Stratification?

• With minimal air movement, hot air rises and the
  cooler air falls, thus stratifying the air.
• With heaters, skylights and lights near the
  ceiling, this increases the effect.

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Destratification Equipment Categories

• Ceiling Fans
• Traditional Ceiling Fans
• High VolumeSlow Speed Fans
• Ducting Equipment
• Free-Hanging Destratification Equipment

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The Ceiling Fan

• Total air volume and coverage is dependent on
  several factors.
• Motor size, Height, Fan Blade (design, size, rpm)
• Ceiling fans are applicable in cooling conditions
  by creating an evaporative cooling affect on the
  skin surface.
• Often already installed in many application areas

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Ceiling Fans

• Pros
• 100-200 product cost
• 100-300 Install cost
• Low maintenance
• Cooling effect in warm seasons
• Provides some destratification
• Provides some energy reduction in winter if
  running

• Cons
• Uses more electricity
• Minimal energy reduction
• Creates drafts
• Less effective as height increases
• Because they are 4-10 off ceiling provides
  incomplete destratification
• Strobe effect may trigger epileptic response

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The Problems With Ceiling Fans

• They often are not mounted high enough
• Tend to chop air and provide spotty
  destratification
• Nearly zero energy transfer into thermal mass of
  floor or equipment
• Still cost 200 -400 installed

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High-Volume-Low-Speed Fans

• High-Volume-Low-Speed Fans (HVLS) are very large
  ceiling fans operating at a very low speed.
• In high temperature applications, the HVLS Fan
  suppliers claim a reduction of the effective
  temperatures in the working area by 6-8 degrees
  Fahrenheit.
• Economics are strained typically gt 5 year
  break-even

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HVLS Fans

• Cons
• Incomplete destratification
• Create drafts
• Large energy user 2-5 hp motor
• Less effective as height increases
• Expensive product and installation cost
• More expensive maintenance

• Pros
• Cooling effect in warm seasons
• Provides some destratification
• Provides some energy reduction

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Thermal Equalization

• The Airius Thermal equalization unit pushes the
  air to the ground in a columnar laminar flow
• The floor becomes a thermal sink
• Free Hanging and in ceiling units from 265 to
  530
• 1-3 year break-even depending on rates, rebates
  and climate

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Thermal Equalization Air Pattern Free-hanging Unit

• Over time, days to weeks, the energy of the warm
  ceiling air is transferred into the concrete
  creating a storage sink.
• Space temperature equalizes reducing heating
  loads

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Free-Hanging Destratification Equipment

• Pros
• Good ROI
• Potential for improved employee comfort
• Significant energy reduction
• Eliminates hot and cold spots
• Moderate product and installation cost
• Lowers existing gas heater maintenance costs
• Easy to move

• Cons
• Doesnt work in all locations or applications

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies and Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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Key Airius Application Areas

• Educational institutions gymnasiums,
  auditoriums
• Grocery store shipping, receiving and
  refrigerated areas
• Retail establishments
• Public buildings - atriums, arenas, convention
  halls, airports and maintenance facilities
• Aviation hangers

• Auto, machine shops and construction equipment
  facilities
• Recreational facilities pools, workout areas
• Manufacturing spaces
• High bay heated warehouses
• Distribution centers

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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Avedon Engineering, Inc.Longmont Colorado

• Two high bay ceiling tool rooms were retrofitted
  totaling 71,000 sq.ft., with an additional 29,000
  sq.ft. of office space
• 36 units installed
• 67 therm reduction or 45,000 therms from average
  of prior year

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Installed Base Customers

• Introduced June 2004
• 2,200 units shipped
• 70 customers 40 private, 30 public
• 900 units to Montana Dakota Utilities (MDU)
• DOD customers are the largest segment

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Selected CustomersOctober 2005

• Public Sector
• Federal, State and Local Governments
• Educational Institutions
• National Guard
• Private Sector
• Aviation and Transportation
• Distribution
• Electrical and Mechanical Contractors
• Energy, Engineering and Design Services
• Manufacturing
• Retail, Restaurants and Hospitality
• Service Facilities
• High Technology
• Religious and Non-Profit

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Installation Considerations

• Existing ceiling power
• Amount of conduit to install
• Skylights free solar energy
• Ceiling height man-lift
• Building hours install during day/night
• Local lighting contractor labor rates

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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Rebates Vary by Utility and State

• Excel Energy offers a rebate in MN, not in CO
• Need to contact the local utility
• Prior to any installation of energy reduction
  equipment
• Develop an estimate of cost saving
• Receive their approval of rebate amount
• City and County of Denver are utilizing rebate
  money to offset capital investment and reduce the
  life cycle cost payback
• Federal tax credits may be available

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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Airius Photohydroionization

• Cleans the air of odors, germs and some chemicals
  
• Provides air circulation and thermal
  equalization to reduce energy consumption
• Improves building air quality and
  staff/student/customer environment

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Typical Reductions in air
2nd Day 71.2 3rd Day 86.8 4rd Day 95.4
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Odor Reductions in air
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Off -
24 HOURS
Unit on
Unit off
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Key Airius PHI Applications

• Day care centers
• Hospitals and clinics
• Nursing homes
• Correction centers
• Smoking establishments
• Waste disposal
• Waste treatment
• Public restrooms

• Educational laboratories
• Recreational locker rooms
• Agriculture Hogs, cattle and dairy
• Food processing
• Grocery stores backroom

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Agenda

• The Thermal Stratification Problem and Solution
  Alternatives
• Application Areas
• Case Studies and Economics
• The Rebates
• The Airius Photohydroionization Unit
• Summary

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Key Airius Benefits

• Energy Savings 15 to 60
• Payback 2-4 years
• Utility rebates and possible tax credits
• Lower maintenance of heating units fro reduced
  number of cycles
• Improved comfort for staff/students/customers
• Potential increased productivity from improved
  air environment
• Reduced spoilage from elimination of temperature
  gradients
• Manufacturing process improvements from
  temperature sensitive equipment
• Improved air circulation to eliminate hot and
  cold spots
• Reduced effects of sick building syndrome with
  the Airius PHI

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CONCLUSIONITS BETTER TO DO SOMETHING THAN
NOTHING
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Energy Savings Summary
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• BSRIA Report (Building Services and Research
  Information Association)
• CFD simulations of building 430K ft3
  100x165x26
• 100KW heater 3600 CFM
• Need complete copy of report from BSRIA UK

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• Atlanta Gas Light half a degree rise in
  temperature for every foot above thermostat
• Overall energy savings with destratification
  equipment is 0.5 per foot above thermostat
• So 25 ceiling is 20 .05 10
• This is the conservative utility thinking that
  needs to updated

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New 30K Sq 25 Ceiling
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Airius Retrofit of Ceiling Fans
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Airius Customers
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Appendix