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CHAPTER 3: XRAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

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We know that crystal structure is really, really important, but ... A DIFFRACTOMETER MEASURES THE INTENSITY OF DIFFRACTED X RAYS. x-ray source. x-ray detector ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CHAPTER 3: XRAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY


1
CHAPTER 3 X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
We know that crystal structure is really, really
important, but how do we know what the structure
is?
X-ray crystallography!
2
GENERATING X-RAYS
3
Electron Orbitals Probability Waves
  • The QUANTUM MECHANICAL model of the atom
    describes electrons in terms of probability
    distributions (for lack of a better term) that
    can have only discrete values of energy

Harking back to a previous lecture
Bohr Model
Quantum Mechanical Model
4
X-RAY SCATTERING
Like any wave, an x-ray photon will scatter when
it bumps into something that is about the same
size as its wavelength. Compare how water waves
scatter.
5
SCATTERING FROM TWO ATOMS CAN BE CONSTRUCTIVE
6
OR DESTRUCTIVE
7
CONDITION FOR CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE
Braggs law
8
A DIFFRACTOMETER MEASURES THE INTENSITY OF
DIFFRACTED X RAYS
sample
x-ray source
x-ray detector
9
AND PRODUCES DATA LIKE THIS
(if you are lucky)
What is the smallest d-spacing that can be
detected with a given wavelength?
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