Technological Developments: From Data to Knowledge for the Next Generation

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Technological Developments From Data to
Knowledge for the Next Generation

• Seminar for Directors of National Hydrographic
  Committees
• or equivalents

Presented by Eric L. Villalobos SHOA Cat
A Hydrographic Engineer NAVOCEANO
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Chief of Naval Operations (CNO)
UNCLASSIFIED
Oceanographer of the Navy (OPNAV) RDML Fred Byus

COMNAVMETOCCOM (CNMOC) Stennis Space Center,
MS RDML Timothy McGee
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (PMW-180)
Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) Stennis
Space Center, MS
FLENUMMETOCCEN (FNMOC) Monterey, CA
US Naval Observatory (USNO) Washington, DC
Fleet Survey Team (FST) Stennis Space Center, MS
CDR, Oceanographic Operations (COO) Stennis Space
Center, MS
Naval Ice Center Washington, DC
Approved for Public Release
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Oceanographic Office 2006
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NAVOCEANO Organizational Structure
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0C - COMPTROLLER
FLEET SURVEY TEAM O-5 Command
NAVAL ICE CENTER O-5 Command
EXECUTIVE OFFICER CAPT John Cousins
N1 LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT
N3 OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT
N6PRODUCTION ENGINEERING SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT
N4 RESOURCES BUDGET DEPARTMENT
N8 PLANS, REQUIREMENTS ASSESSMENTS DEPARTMENT
NPPRODUCTION
N7 MSRC MAJOR SHARED RESOURCE CENTER
N9 OCEAN PROJECTS DEPARTMENT
UNCLASSIFIED
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Oceanographic Office 2006
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From The Sea to the Littorals,hydrography is the
first layer.
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Knowledge Staircase
RelevantOceanographicKnowledge
Judgment
Understanding
Cognition
Information
Processing
Data
UNCLASSIFIED
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Knowledge Staircase Hydro
To Best Determine Port Construction, Port
Management, Coastal Zone Management,
Oceanographic Models, Cable Laying Routes, Safety
of Navigation, etc.
RelevantOceanographicKnowledge
Judgment
Understanding
Integrate With TDAs Ocean Models 3D
Fly-throughs Command/Control
Cognition
Information
Compile into Charts Databases Special Products
Processing
Collect - Imagery, Ships, LIDAR, Hydro teams,
Contractors
Data
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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HYDROGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
The science of the measurement, description, and
charting of the sea floor with special reference
to navigation and maritime operations...
Collect data and provide products supporting
Safety of Navigation, ocean and acoustic
modeling, etc.
Courtesy of NOAA
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Conventional Hydrography, as we know it.
Tide Gauge
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Singlebeam Technology
Courtesy of UNB
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Side Scan Sonar Technology
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Multibeam Technology
Courtesy of UNB
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Singlebeam vs. Multibeam Technology
Courtesy of UNB
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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LIDAR Hydrography Light Detection and Ranging
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2005
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Whats the LIDAR Attraction?

• Shallow water boat operations suffer from
• Vulnerable to grounding
• Dependence on Mother ship
• Reduced MBES swath width
• ALL THESE MAKE BOAT OPS EXPENSIVE

• The advantages of LIDAR are
• swath width remains fixed
• rapid response to new survey areas
• Very shallow-water and topographic capability

• Augment conventional survey capabilities in a
  cost effective manner
• Significant at a time when doctrine is becoming
  increasingly focused on the littoral regions

UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2005
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Hydrographic Vessel
Satellite Communications (C-Band)
Satellite Navigation (GPS)
Data Processing
Regulated Power System
Vertical Reference
Acoustic Release System
Measurement Buoy
Heave Sensor
Seismic Profiling
Sea-Surface Temperature
Wide-Beam Shallow Water System
Magnetic Intensity
Expendable Sensors
CTD Water Sampler
Sub-Bottom Profiler
Dynamic Positioning System
Side Scan Sonar
Multi-Beam Contour Mapping System
Bottom Transponder Navigation
Wide-Beam Deep Water System
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Hydrographic Survey Launches (HSL)
Length 34 ft (10 m) Width 9 ¼ ft (2.8 m) Draft
3 ft (0.9 m) Endurance 200nmi _at_
16knt Displacement 7.5 tons (
WADGPS
Multi-Beam Echosounder
Surface Sound Velocity Sensor
Sound Velocity Profiler
Dual-Frequency Single-Beam Echosounder
Digital Sidescan Sonar System
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Airborne Coastal Mapping and Charting
Hydrographic Depths Topographic Elevations
Imagery
From a Single Airborne Platform

• 1,000 Hz Pulse Rate (hydro)
• 9,000 Hz Pulse Rate (topo)
• 1 Hz Digital camera (16 cm pixel)
• IHO Order 1 Surveys
• 3 x 3 m nominal spot density
• 300 - 400 m op altitude (hydro)
• 300 - 700 m op altitude (topo)
• 125 - 175 kts aircraft speed
• Integrated ground processing system

UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Other Data CollectionTechnology Resources
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Applying Accurate Absolute Positioning to
Hydrographic Operations Bottom mounted Tide
gauges
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Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Applying Accurate Absolute Positioning to
Hydrographic Operations
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Applying Accurate Absolute Positioning to
Hydrographic Operations
Results - Vertical Positioning
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Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Applying Accurate Absolute Positioning to
Hydrographic Operations
Results - Vertical Positioning
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Hydrographic Survey Teams
Satellite
LIDAR Hydrography
Contractors or other agreements
Hydrographic Data Acquisition Toolbox
Ships HSLs
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Hydro-Cartographic Products
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Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Navigation Projects
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Smooth Sheet
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Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Selected Soundings
Full Resolution Data
Navigation Surface
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Digital/Electronic/Paper Nautical Chart

• Once Smooth Sheet and/or Navigation Surface is
  done, the digital data is forwarded to the
  Cartographic Department for production
• Time to produce final Nautical Chart (weeks to
  months), dependant on priority and complexity of
  project

UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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STOIC Special Tactical Oceanographic Information
Chart

• Nautical Chart plus Tactical Environmental
  information
• Chart sized or digital

UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Analyzed Imagery and All Source Data
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Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Regional Coastal Mapping
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Hurricane Ivan
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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• This area was surveyed in 5 hours.
• Hydro and Topo data processed in 2 hours.

Hydro to Topo
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Bottom Classification
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Biological Oceanography Data Fusion3-D Benthic
Habitat Mapping
Orange Sand Green Seagrass Violet
Uncolonized Pavement Yellow Colonized
Pavement Brown Macroalgae (50-90) Blue
Macroalgae (10-50) Black Not Classified
20 meter resolution AVIRIS image of Kaneohe Bay
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Panama City, Florida LIDAR Fly Through
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Sediment transport analysis
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Other Products and Services

• Notice to Mariners (Web-based)
• ENC
• Wrecks Database
• List of Light, Bouys, etc.

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Hydrographic and Oceanographic Institutes
responsibility is to acquire and analyze
hydrographic oceanographic and littoral data in
order to provide Safety of Navigation as well as
other specialized, operationally significant
products and services for military, civilian,
national, and international customers.
Charts
Smooth Sheets
Enhanced Images
Climatology
Models
Databases
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Processing/QC
Problem

• 1965 - 1993 Total NAVOCEANO swath sonar data 7
  billion soundings
• 2000 single 110,000 sounding sheet 1.3 billion
  soundings
• 2001 1 survey 19 sheets 12 billion soundings
  (255 sqnm)

UNCLASSIFIED
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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QC/Processing
Solution
Goals

• Incorporate Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
  for MB data collection/processing/QA to improve
  to 41 (collectionprocessing) for data
  validation
• Migrate toward COTS
• Incorporate 3D visualization editing capability

UNCLASSIFIED
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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QC/Processing
Result

• Ten-fold decrease in the effort required for
  interactive editing
• Eliminated a 2 year validation backlog

UNCLASSIFIED
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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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New TechnologyDo we need it? Will we use it?

• Whats the intended use? If its strictly
  nautical charting, can we do the job with a
  complete single beam/SSS survey suite and still
  meet IHO standards?
• If more than nautical charting, do we need
  multibeam technology to do the job? If so, do we
  need backscatter imagery digital sidescan
  imagery - do we need them both if collected
  concurrently?
• Bottom Classification bottom sampling by
  provinces based on SSS data
• We can save a lot of if just one is
  eliminated!
• Solution some tradeoffs
• Hydrographic/Oceanographic Offices (or
  equivalent) have to determine whats the primary
  objective before determining
• Need standard formats from vendors!

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Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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Estimates for the purchase of the minimal
equipment needed to complete a hydrographic
survey for nautical charting purposes at IHO
Order 1 Standards.

• HYPACK MAX 4.3a GOLD Key 6,500.00
• DGPS Positioning System and accessories 3,450.00
  
• Echosounder 200 kHz for shallow waters 9,500.00
• Toshiba Laptop or equivalent 2,000.00
• GYROTRACK/Heave measuring Unit 3,500.00
• Tidegauge 4,500.00
• Side Scan Sonar EdgeTech 272D
  33,000.00
• DIGIBAR Sound Velocity 5,000.00
• 4-Serial Port PCMCIA Card 400.00
• 1 day installation and 5 day training 1,000.00
• Travel costs perdiem of training
  personnel 2,500.00
• 5 day training after 6 months 1,000.00
• Travel costs perdiem of training personnel,
  2nd training session 2,500.00
• Estimated Total 74,850.00
• Estimate based on HYPACK, INC. 06/29/2005 and
  is subject to change

UNCLASSIFIED
Approved for Public Release
Naval Oceanographic Office 2006
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ERIC L. VILLALOBOS Caribbean Latin
America Regional Coordinator Fleet Interaction
International Programs Division TEL
228-688-4529 FAX [phone] DSN
828-4529 Email eric.villalobos_at_navy.mil

• Questions?

NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE 1002 BALCH BLVD., CODE
N83 STENNIS SPACE CENTER, MS 39522-5001 https//ww
w.navo.navy.mil