Fascism In Italy

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Fascism In Italy

• Rise of Mussolini
• Ms. Garratt

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Post WWI Problems

• Italian natlists felt betrayed by Paris peace
  treaties.
• Yugoslavia
• Veterans returned to econ pol chaos
• Strikes
• Unemployment
• Conflict between workers industry
• Feuding political factions
• Mussolini responds to these problems by creating
  the Fascist party

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What is Fascism?

• Extreme form of aggressive nationalism
• Anti-democratic
• Anti-communist
• Race used to justify aggression Social
  Darwinism.
• Individuals subservient to the state.
• Children were indoctrinated
• Strict obedience. demanded

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Mussolini Il Duce

• Organized the Fascist party
• Spoke of reviving Roman glory
• Organized black shirts (combat gangs)which used
  violence terror against political opponents
  such as communists.

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Black Shirts Pre 1922
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Black Shirts 1922
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Mussolinis Black Shirts After 1922
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March on Rome 1922

• Demands change in gov
• King succumbs
• Allows him to become the prime minister

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Mussolinis Totalitarian Italy

• Single party Dictatorship
• State terrorism police spies
• Use of schools media for indoctrination
• State control of the econ
• Censorship
• Demands absolute obedience

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Corporate State Economic Policy

• Economy was under state control.
• His corporate state preserved some elements of
  capitalism but policy was forged with
  representatives from business, labor the
  fascist gov.
• The economy did show improvement.
• This came at labors expense as strikes were
  outlawed wages dropped.

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Social Policies

• Citizens were bombarded with slogans glorifying
  the state Musso.
• Believe, obey, fight were blasted from
  loudspeakers.
• A minute on the battlefield is worth a lifetime
  of peace was the fascist position.
• Women were expected to be baby machines
• Women who bore 14 or more children were rewarded
  w/ medals from Musso himself.

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Similarities of Communism Fascism

• Both flourished during difficult economic times.
• Both promoted extreme programs of social change.
• Both had totalitarian governments to bring about
  a social revolution.
• Both were dictatorships.
• The USSR, Italy, Japan Germany were all
  totalitarian regimes.

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Totalitarianism

• Single party dictatorship.
• (2) State controlled economy.
• (3) Use of spies state terrorism.
• (4) Strict censorship control of the media.
• (5) Use of schools media to indoctrinate
  mobilize citizens.
• (6) Civil rights are sacrificed for strict
  obedience to the state.
• (7) War militarism are glorified

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Mussolini Totalitarianism

• Musso built the 1st totalitarian state which was
  never as extreme as Germanys or Soviet Unions.
• What was its appeal?
• Promised strong, stable gov to end political
  feuding which had paralyzed democracy.
• Nationalism appealed to many revived natl
  pride
• Promised to restore the former glory of the Roman
  Empire by turning the Mediterranean into a Roman
  lake.
• Projected sense of power during times of despair
  disorder

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For more information of totalitarianism go to
www.fresno.k12.ca.us/.../totalitarianism.htm
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Three Ideologies

• Three ideologies vied for power during the
  postwar years.
• Democracy in Brit Fr was challenged by
  difficult economic challenges labor.
• Communism in USSR attractive to some workers
  but seen as a threat to capitalist govs
• Fascism in Germ Italy attractive for its appeal
  to national unity patriotism. As the Great
  Depression deepens fascist ideology will become
  more attractive.

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Female Fascist Youth Group
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Catholic Church Supports Mussolini
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The Black Shirts. What Art Form is this?
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